TACTICAL ANALYSIS

Throughout the season, UEFA’s technical observers picked out moments that were representative of wider themes at play in the competition. Here, from the group stage onwards, they analyse some of the key tactical talking points of the campaign

戰(zhàn)術(shù)分析

整個(gè)賽季，歐足聯(lián)的技術(shù)觀察員挑選了一些時(shí)刻，這些時(shí)刻代表了比賽中更廣泛的主題。在這里，從小組賽階段開始，他們分析了一些關(guān)鍵的戰(zhàn)術(shù)話題

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GROUP STAGE

小組賽

Seeking common denominators among the 48 matches in the group stage, technical observers felt that teams were, in general, tactically astute, game plans were competently implemented, defences were well-structured and 1v1 skills continued to show steady improvement. This was true not only among regular starters but also bench players who, exploiting the fivesubstitute rule, are increasingly expected to make an impact

在小組賽的48場(chǎng)比賽中尋找共同點(diǎn)，技術(shù)觀察員認(rèn)為，總的來說，球隊(duì)?wèi)?zhàn)術(shù)精明，比賽計(jì)劃執(zhí)行得當(dāng)，防守結(jié)構(gòu)良好，1v1技術(shù)繼續(xù)顯示出穩(wěn)步的進(jìn)步。不僅是首發(fā)球員，板凳球員也是如此，他們利用5人替補(bǔ)規(guī)則，越來越被期待發(fā)揮作用

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HIGH PRESSING v LOW BLOCKS

高位壓迫VS 低位攔截

?“Defending in the opposition half with high collective pressing made a clear impact,” the technical observers commented, “with many teams more courageous in holding high lines than in the previous season.” During the group stage, 23% of the 130 open-play goals resulted from moves of five passes or less, with multiple examples of regains near the opponents’ penalty area followed by one or two passes prior to the finishing touch. Arsenal, cited as a “high-level counter-pressing team”, scored three times after collective work had secured regains – two in the mid-third, one in the final third – during the 5-1 victory over the defending champions in Lyon, a result which sent shockwaves across the continent. “Lyon trusted their 1v1 abilities to the extent that they left spaces,” the technical observers remarked. After one point from two games, Sonia Bompastor rectified this facet, allowing her team to qualify via four successive clean sheets. High scores punctuated a group stage that yielded 177 goals, emphasising that teams, maybe dominant in their domestic leagues, require well-structured defensive strategies when they take on Europe’s elite. Top teams often struggled to pierce well-organised mid-to-low defensive blocks. Bayern München’s 2-1 home win against Roseng?rd was mentioned by technical observers as a case in point. Renée Slegers’ 1-4-5-1 set-up allowed the midfield to obstruct passing lines to the front and restricted Bayern’s opportunities to play between the lines. Although the hosts had 69% of possession and overall control, Slegers commented, “Our organisation in defence was very good. We closed down the spaces they wanted to get into and we didn’t over-commit.” Even though 39% of open-play goals were scored against structured low or mid blocks, the Swedish team highlighted the value of collective discipline and hard work when implementing defence in a compact low block.

技術(shù)觀察員評(píng)論道：“在對(duì)方半場(chǎng)的防守中，集體高壓的防守產(chǎn)生了明顯的影響，許多球隊(duì)比上賽季更有勇氣守住高位?！痹谛〗M賽階段，130個(gè)開放比賽進(jìn)球中，有23%是由五次或更少的傳球造成的，其中有多個(gè)例子是在對(duì)手禁區(qū)附近重新奪回球權(quán)，然后在最后一腳傳球之前進(jìn)行一到兩次傳球。阿森納被稱為“高水平的反逼搶球隊(duì)”，在集體努力扳平比分后，在5-1戰(zhàn)勝衛(wèi)冕冠軍里昂的比賽中，他們?nèi)芜M(jìn)球——兩次在中場(chǎng)，一次在最后三分之一。 這一結(jié)果震驚了整個(gè)歐洲大陸。

“里昂相信他們的1v1能力，以至于他們留下了空間，”技術(shù)觀察員評(píng)論道。在兩場(chǎng)比賽只拿到一分后，索尼婭·邦帕斯特(Sonia Bompastor)糾正了這一點(diǎn)，讓她的球隊(duì)連續(xù)四場(chǎng)零封出線。在小組賽階段打進(jìn)了177個(gè)進(jìn)球，這也強(qiáng)調(diào)了那些在國(guó)內(nèi)聯(lián)賽中占據(jù)統(tǒng)治地位的球隊(duì)，在面對(duì)歐洲的精英球隊(duì)時(shí)，需要良好的防守策略。頂級(jí)球隊(duì)經(jīng)常難以突破組織良好的中低位防守。技術(shù)觀察員提到拜仁慕尼黑主場(chǎng)2-1戰(zhàn)勝羅森加德就是一個(gè)很好的例子。雷內(nèi)·斯萊格斯的1-4-5-1陣型讓中場(chǎng)阻礙了前場(chǎng)的傳球路線，限制了拜仁在兩條線之間的進(jìn)攻機(jī)會(huì)。盡管主隊(duì)擁有69%的控球率和整體控制力，但斯萊格斯評(píng)價(jià)道：“我們的防守組織非常好。我們關(guān)閉了他們想要進(jìn)入的空間，并且我們沒有過度投入?！北M管 39% 的空戰(zhàn)進(jìn)球是在結(jié)構(gòu)化的低位或中位防守中取得的，但瑞典隊(duì)強(qiáng)調(diào)了在緊湊的低位防守時(shí)集體紀(jì)律和努力工作的價(jià)值。

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TRANSITIONS TO ATTACK

進(jìn)攻轉(zhuǎn)換

?Being careful about over-committing when pushing forward emerged as a factor when lower-ranked teams took on elite opponents. The combination of high pressing and low defensive blocks sometimes left the attacking team short of space for penetration after high regains. During the group stage only 11% of open-play goals could be clearly attributed to classic counterattacks. Debutants Roma illustrated the point during the 3-0 win over Slavia Praha that clinched their place in the knockout rounds. Despite a 61% share of the ball, Alessandro Spugna’s side failed to make a breakthrough until they delivered a successful counterattack following a regain when defending their own penalty box – a facet of the game they would later try to exploit in the quarter-final against Barcelona. In some games, the observers remarked, it was evident that the stronger teams were intentionally beckoning their opponents forward to secure space for a fast counter

當(dāng)排名較低的球隊(duì)與精英對(duì)手較量時(shí)，在推進(jìn)時(shí)小心過度投入就成為一個(gè)因素。高位逼搶和低位防守的結(jié)合有時(shí)會(huì)導(dǎo)致進(jìn)攻方在高位搶斷后缺乏突破空間。在小組賽階段，只有 11% 的比賽進(jìn)球可以明顯歸因于經(jīng)典反擊。首次亮相的羅馬隊(duì)在3-0戰(zhàn)勝布拉格斯拉維亞隊(duì)并鎖定淘汰賽席位的比賽中就證明了這一點(diǎn)。盡管控球率為 61%，亞歷山德羅·斯普尼亞的球隊(duì)未能取得突破，直到他們?cè)诜朗刈约旱慕麉^(qū)時(shí)重新反擊后成功反擊——這是他們后來在與巴塞羅那的四分之一決賽中試圖利用的一個(gè)方面。觀察家指出，在某些比賽中，很明顯實(shí)力較強(qiáng)的球隊(duì)故意向?qū)κ终惺?，以確?？焖俜磽舻目臻g

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THE BATTLE OF THE GOAL KICK

進(jìn)球之戰(zhàn)

The desire to play out from the back was almost universal during a group stage when the goal kick evolved into a tactical issue. “It’s now a natural part of the analysis of opponents,” technical observer Martin Sj?gren commented, “and you look for offensive and defensive opportunities. It’s mainly a risk v reward issue.” Defending champions Lyon provided a case study, initially setting themselves up in 1-4-1-4-1 formation at an Arsenal goal kick – which allowed the visitors to play out and win a free-kick in midfield. Next time round, the French team switched to a more aggressive 1-4-1-3-2 structure, looking to disrupt distribution by the centre-backs. The Arsenal goalkeeper opted to play long, with Lyon winning the aerial duel and picking up the second ball. The visitors then dropped Lia W?lti into an area alongside the centre-backs to create a 3v2 scenario with, later in the game, the full-backs dropping deeper to receive or to open a direct pathway to the wingers. As a result, Arsenal found solutions to break the home team’s high press on the goal kick

在小組賽階段，當(dāng)球門球演變成一個(gè)戰(zhàn)術(shù)問題時(shí)，從后場(chǎng)進(jìn)攻的愿望幾乎是普遍的。 “現(xiàn)在它已成為分析對(duì)手的自然組成部分，”技術(shù)觀察員馬丁·舍格倫評(píng)論道，“你會(huì)尋找進(jìn)攻和防守的機(jī)會(huì)。這主要是一個(gè)風(fēng)險(xiǎn)與回報(bào)的問題?！毙l(wèi)冕冠軍里昂提供了一個(gè)案例研究，最初在阿森納球門球時(shí)擺出 1-4-1-4-1 陣型，這使得客隊(duì)能夠在中場(chǎng)贏得任意球。下一輪，法國(guó)隊(duì)改用更具侵略性的1-4-1-3-2陣型，試圖擾亂中后衛(wèi)的分配。阿森納門將選擇了長(zhǎng)傳，里昂贏得了空中對(duì)決并獲得了二點(diǎn)球。隨后，客隊(duì)將利亞·瓦爾蒂放到中后衛(wèi)旁邊的區(qū)域，形成3v2的局面，在比賽后期，邊后衛(wèi)回撤更深以接球或?yàn)檫呬h打開直接通道。結(jié)果，阿森納找到了打破主隊(duì)對(duì)球門球高位逼搶的解決方案

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THE DEAD BALL

死球

?During the group stage, 21% of goals stemmed from dead-ball situations – a low figure compared with other competitions. Success rates from set plays are the cue for perennial debate about trainingground time spent on this feature of the game. But the numerical significance was arguably less than the importance of set-play goals that broke a deadlock or struck a psychological blow. Roma, for example, controlled their crucial game against Slavia but needed two set plays (right-footed deliveries of a corner and a free-kick from the right) and a counterattack to secure a win. The first set-play goal came from an outswinging corner by Manuela Giugliano which found Beata Kollmats, who adjusted her posture perfectly to head into the bottom corner. Crucially, Elisa Bartoli dragged her marker away from the area where the ball was delivered. The final goal came when scorer Elena Linari positioned herself as if her role was to protect the edge of the box at a free-kick. She spotted a gap in the opponents’ set-up and moved to place Giugliano’s precise delivery into the bottom corner. Of equal significance in Lyon, the low, right-footed direct free-kick by Beth Mead on the stroke of half-time meant that the home team headed for the dressing-room with a 1-3 deficit rather than 1-2.

小組賽期間，21%的進(jìn)球來自死球情況——與其他比賽相比這個(gè)數(shù)字較低。定位球的成功率是關(guān)于在比賽這一功能上花費(fèi)的訓(xùn)練場(chǎng)時(shí)間的長(zhǎng)期爭(zhēng)論的線索。但其數(shù)字意義可能不如打破僵局或造成心理打擊的定位球的重要性。例如，羅馬在對(duì)陣斯拉維亞的關(guān)鍵比賽中控制了比賽，但需要兩次定位球（右腳開出角球和右側(cè)任意球）和一次反擊才能確保勝利。

第一個(gè)定位球進(jìn)球來自曼努埃拉·朱利亞諾的外旋角球，找到了貝塔·科爾馬茨，后者完美地調(diào)整了姿勢(shì)，頭球攻入底角。至關(guān)重要的是，埃莉莎·巴托莉把盯人拖離了傳球區(qū)域。最終進(jìn)球來自于進(jìn)球者埃琳娜·利納里（Elena Linari）的定位，就好像她的角色是在任意球時(shí)保護(hù)禁區(qū)邊緣。她發(fā)現(xiàn)了對(duì)手陣型中的空檔，然后將朱利亞諾的精準(zhǔn)傳球送入底角。在里昂的比賽中，同樣重要的是貝絲·米德在半場(chǎng)結(jié)束時(shí)的右腳低位直接任意球，這意味著主隊(duì)以 1-3 落后而不是 1-2 的比分進(jìn)入更衣室。