★★★☆

看題：

1. The author of the passage suggests which of the following about Newhall’s third criterion? 細(xì)節(jié)信息，定位+推理

2. According to the passage, which of the following is a way in which?This is the American Earth satisfies Newhall’s criteria for judging photographic art? 直接細(xì)節(jié)，題干不好定位

3. According to the passage, one of the criteria Newhall uses in making judgments about photographic art is the degree to which the art 直接細(xì)節(jié)

文章講解：

①One?way to assess?This is the American Earth, a collection of photographs selected and arranged by Nancy Newhall, is to apply Newhall’s own criteria for judging photographic art. ②Does this photographic essay achieve results impossible in other media? 承接上句，即標(biāo)準(zhǔn)1?③By contrasting the small with the vast—for example,?placing a photo of a rock pool next to one of a spiral galaxy—Newhall exploits the camera’s ability to manipulate the size of an object, thereby challenging viewers to question their conventional concepts of size. ④However, a similar result could be achieved in the medium of painting.

⑤Does the work bear its creator’s imprint, and does it draw viewers’ interest even after repeated viewings: Newhall’s second and third criteria? 標(biāo)準(zhǔn)2和標(biāo)準(zhǔn)3?⑥Indeed, Newhall’s work bears her unmistakable imprint in the juxtaposition of the photos and in the rhythmic prose accompanying them, but the individual viewer must decide whether Newhall’s work evokes,?as it did for this reviewer, new experiences upon subsequent viewings. 標(biāo)準(zhǔn)2是有的，3就要人們自己決定了。

? ? ? ?? ?①

↓? ? ? ? ? ? ?? ? ? ↓

②v1? ? ? ? ??? ?⑤v2&v3

↓? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ?↓

③?④×v1? ? ⑥v2√，but v3??

題型解析：

1.The author of the passage suggests which of the following about Newhall’s third criterion?

態(tài)度+推斷

A. It’s satisfaction may depend on the reactions of individual viewers.?對(duì)應(yīng)⑥

B. It cannot be applied by the individual viewer on the basis of his or her?own experience.?NE/RE

C. It is?easier?to apply than are Newhall’s?other criteria?沒有證據(jù)

D. It is the?most important?criterion to consider when judging photographic art.??NE

E. Its application may be more difficult when a photographic essay rather than another form of photographic art is being evaluated.?NE

?

2. According to the passage, which of the following is a way in which?This is the American Earth?satisfies Newhall’s criteria for judging photographic art?? 直接細(xì)節(jié)

A. It takes advantage of one of the camera’s unique abilities.?無關(guān)

B. It leaves viewers with a particularly strong visual impression.?沒有證據(jù)

C. It contains elements identifying it as a particular person’s work.?對(duì)應(yīng)⑤，標(biāo)準(zhǔn)2

D. It consistently evokes an?emotional response?from viewers. 沒有證據(jù)

E. It successfully?destroys?an?overemphasis?on humans’ concept of size. 沒有證據(jù)

?

3. According to the passage, one of the criteria Newhall uses in making judgments about photographic art is the degree to which the art 直接細(xì)節(jié)

A. provides viewers with an experience that will?encourage?subsequent viewings. NE 有一定干擾的選項(xiàng)

B. challenges viewers to question their preconceptions NE

C. evokes similar experiences for different viewers in different circumstances NE

D. achieves results that have not been realized by earlier works of photographic art?NE

E. produce results that can only be achieved in the medium of photography?②，標(biāo)準(zhǔn)1

背景拓展：

Nancy Newhall

Nancy Wynne Newhall?(May 9, 1908 – July 7, 1974) was an?American?photography?critic. She is best known for writing the text to accompany photographs by?Ansel Adams?and?Edward Weston, but was also a widely published writer on photography,?conservation, and?American culture.

This is a very special Ansel Adams book with a limited availability. It contains 44 photographs of an ecological/ environmental nature by Ansel Adams as well as work by Eliot Porter, Philip Hyde, Edward Weston and Margaret Bourke-White.

安塞爾·亞當(dāng)斯，美國(guó)風(fēng)光攝影師，f/64小組創(chuàng)始人之一。他的作品大多為美國(guó)西部黑白風(fēng)光照片，取景波瀾壯闊，影調(diào)柔和細(xì)膩。他對(duì)相機(jī)和暗房技術(shù)的掌控嚴(yán)苛、精準(zhǔn)，提出了“區(qū)域曝光法”。該理論主張預(yù)先想象影調(diào)，以此為依據(jù)決定曝光和顯影時(shí)長(zhǎng)，由此控制照片的深淺濃淡，以達(dá)到預(yù)期效果。

14歲時(shí)，亞當(dāng)斯參觀了優(yōu)勝美地大峽谷（Yosemite Valley），他發(fā)現(xiàn)它的美麗和浩瀚“給人一種強(qiáng)烈的沖擊和體驗(yàn)，幾近痛苦。自1916年那天起，我的生命被內(nèi)華達(dá)山脈壯觀的地形所影響和改變?！?5歲時(shí)，他用柯達(dá)布朗尼相機(jī)（Box Brownie）在那兒拍了第一張照片。之后，他在舊金山學(xué)習(xí)了暗房技術(shù)，平均每天沖洗1000張照片。他每年都去優(yōu)勝美地和內(nèi)華達(dá)山探險(xiǎn)、拍照，成了熱情的自然資源保護(hù)者。