天冷會影響我們的身體。寒冷的天氣會對我們造成哪些影響？在什么溫度下，它會開始影響我們的身體？本期節(jié)目圍繞這些問題展開討論。

詞匯：temperature 氣溫

When we think of low temperature as a danger, we often imagine people working outside in?polar?regions in the?depths of winter?or in?cold storage?facilities, layered in?thermal?clothing to help them deal with?freezing?temperatures. But do we also need to protect ourselves when it's just a bit?chilly?as well as in?arctic conditions?

當我們想到低溫是一種危險時，我們通常會想象人們在深冬的極地地區(qū)或在冷庫中工作，穿著保暖衣服來幫助他們應(yīng)對寒冷的溫度。但是，當天氣有點冷的時候，我們是否也需要像在北極那樣保護自己?

As mammals, our bodies have to maintain an internal temperature in a narrow?range?between 37 and 37.5C. If that temperature?drops, the effects can be serious. Below 35C, people can develop?hypothermia, with symptoms such as?shivering, confusion, and slurred speech. If body temperature drops below 29C, it can lead to loss of consciousness. Fortunately our bodies can?regulate?their internal temperature, but there are some negative side effects which come with this process.

作為哺乳動物，我們的身體必須保持體內(nèi)溫度在37到37.5攝氏度之間的狹窄范圍內(nèi)。如果氣溫下降，影響可能會很嚴重。在35攝氏度以下，人們會出現(xiàn)體溫過低的癥狀，比如發(fā)抖、神志不清、說話不清。如果體溫降到29攝氏度以下，就會失去意識。幸運的是，我們的身體可以調(diào)節(jié)內(nèi)部溫度，但這個過程也會帶來一些負面的副作用。

Ten degrees?Celsius?is hardly?biting cold, but that's the temperature that BBC journalist James Gallagher was made to?endure?in an experiment at the University of South Wales. As the test room was?cooled?from 21 degrees, his blood pressure, heart rate and breathing rate all increased, while the flow of blood to his brain decreased by 20%. What are the consequences of this? Immediately, it meant that Gallagher took longer to solve some simple puzzles. As a longer-term risk, Professor Damian Bailey points out that increased blood pressure puts us at greater risk of stroke and heart attacks.

10攝氏度算不上刺骨的寒冷，但這正是BBC記者詹姆斯·加拉格爾在南威爾士大學進行的一項實驗中所忍受的溫度。當測試室從21度降下來時，他的血壓、心率和呼吸頻率都增加了，而流向大腦的血流量減少了20%。這樣做的后果是什么?這意味著Gallagher解決一些簡單的謎題需要更長的時間。達米安·貝利教授指出，從長期風險來看，血壓升高會增加中風和心臟病發(fā)作的風險。

Professor Bailey suggests that in the cold, people should wear clothing that provides good?insulation, eat more carbohydrates, and be more active. Another approach is suggested by Professor Christopher Minson. He believes that people are too reliant on being able to control the temperature around them, and that we can gradually train ourselves to cope with a lack of?warmth?and be?comfortable?at lower temperatures. So, while moderately low temperatures can have an effect on us, there are steps we can take to cope with them.

貝利教授建議，在寒冷的天氣里，人們應(yīng)該穿隔熱性能好的衣服，多吃碳水化合物，多運動。Christopher Minson教授提出了另一種方法。他認為，人們過于依賴控制周圍溫度的能力，我們可以逐漸訓(xùn)練自己應(yīng)對缺乏溫暖的環(huán)境，并在較低的溫度下感到舒適。因此，雖然適度的低溫會對我們產(chǎn)生影響，但我們可以采取一些措施來應(yīng)對它們。

詞匯表

polar 極地的
depths of winter 隆冬
cold storage 冷藏
thermal 保暖的
freezing （天氣）極冷的
chilly 寒冷的
arctic conditions 天氣極其寒冷
range 范圍
drop 下降
hypothermia 體溫過低
shivering （因寒冷）發(fā)抖
regulate 調(diào)節(jié)
Celsius 攝氏度
biting cold 嚴寒
endure 忍受
cool （使）冷卻，（使）變涼
insulation 防御寒冷，保暖
warmth 溫暖
comfortable 舒適的

side effects 副作用

point?out 指出?

測驗與練習

1.?閱讀課文并回答問題。

1. In what range should our internal body temperature be?

2. What are the symptoms of hypothermia?

3. What happened to James Gallagher's heart rate during the experiment?

4. What can be consequences of high blood pressure?

5. True or false??Professor Minson believes it is good that people can control temperature easily.

2.?選擇意思恰當?shù)膯卧~或詞組來完成下列句子。

1. Antarctica and the Arctic are _______ regions.

biting? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ?polar? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ?chilly?? ?????????????????????? thermal

2. January is in the _______ of winter.

drops? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ?ranges? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? depths??????????????????????? warmths

3. Below zero degrees Celsius, it is _______.

thermal? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? cool? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ?polar? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? freezing

4. It's important to have clothing that provides _______.

comfortable????????????????? insulation? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? thermal?? ?????????????????? temperature

5. _______ is something our body does to keep us warm.

Insulation? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ?Hypothermia??? ????????????? Running???????? ?? ???????? Shivering

答案

1.?閱讀課文并回答問題。?

1. In what range should our internal body temperature be?
Between 37 and 37.5C.

2. What are the symptoms of hypothermia?
Symptoms can include shivering, confusion and slurred speech.

3. What happened to James Gallagher's heart rate during the experiment?
His heart rate increased.

4. What can be consequences of high blood pressure?
Professor Bailey said that high blood pressure could increase the risk of stroke and heart attack.

5. True or false??Professor Minson believes it is good that people can control temperature easily.
False. He believes that people are too reliant on being able to control the temperature around them.

2.?選擇意思恰當?shù)膯卧~或詞組來完成下列句子。

1. Antarctica and the Arctic are?polar?regions.

2. January is in the?depths?of winter.

3. Below zero degrees Celsius, it is?freezing.

4. It's important to have clothing that provides?insulation.

5.?Shivering?is something our body does to keep us warm.

文章來源BBC，侵權(quán)刪。