牧游社 牧有漢化翻譯

Dev Diary #47 - Conversion and Assimilation

lachek, Victoria 3 Lead Designer

Happy Thursday! Today our topic returns to Pop mechanics, with a discussion around some of the finer details on how Pops may change their religion and culture over time depending on your nation's legal system. The mechanics themselves are quite straightforward, but as always in Victoria 3, the applications of them can have quite different outcomes in different situations.

大家周四好！本篇日志的話題又回到了人口機(jī)制，這次將討論一些更詳細(xì)的細(xì)節(jié)，即人口如何隨著時(shí)間的推移受國家和法律制度的影響改變他們的宗教和文化。機(jī)制本身不復(fù)雜，但與游戲中其它系統(tǒng)一樣，不同情況下同一機(jī)制會產(chǎn)生截然不同的結(jié)果。

Let's begin by reviewing the mechanics around Discrimination, since this will be important later in the discussion. We've already talked about most of this in other dev diaries but some details here may be new.

讓我們先回顧一下歧視Discrimination的機(jī)制，因?yàn)檫@在之后的內(nèi)容中很重要。我們已經(jīng)在其他開發(fā)日志中討論了大部分內(nèi)容，但還有一些最新更新。

Discriminated Pops have barely any Political Strength and cannot vote. This means the only way they can impact your country’s politics is by agitating for change through Political Movements, or by starting a civil war for self-rule through a Cultural Secession. In addition to being hamstrung politically, they also get paid substantially less than their non-discriminated counterparts, have a harder time developing Qualifications for certain Professions, and their presence in your country is a potential source of radicalism and Turmoil.

受歧視的人口幾乎沒有政治力量，也不能投票。這意味著他們只能通過政治運(yùn)動鼓動變革或通過文化分離爆發(fā)內(nèi)戰(zhàn)來影響國家政治。除了政治上的束縛，他們的報(bào)酬也大大低于別的非歧視公民，他們更難獲得職業(yè)資格，并且這部分人口的存在是激進(jìn)主義和動蕩的潛在來源。

Whether a Pop is discriminated against or accepted depends on who they are, the national identity of the country they live in, and the laws of that country. Both culture and religion are potential reasons for discrimination, and these are controlled by different laws. Your Citizenship laws determine which Pops are discriminated against on the basis of their culture, while your Church and State laws determine which forms of worship are considered acceptable in your country. To be considered non-discriminated by these laws, Pops must pass a more or less stringent selection criteria based on how much they differ from the primary culture(s) and state religion in the country.

人口被歧視或是被接受取決于他們的身份、所居住國的民族認(rèn)同以及該國的法律。文化和宗教都是歧視的潛在原因，并且受不同法律的影響。你的“公民權(quán)”法律決定了哪些人口因其文化而受到歧視，而你的“教會和國家”法律決定了哪些信仰的信徒在國內(nèi)被認(rèn)為可接受。要被這些法律視為不受歧視，人口會被或松或嚴(yán)的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)選擇，而具體標(biāo)準(zhǔn)取決于他們與該國的主流文化和國教的差異程度。

For example, under the Racial Segregation Citizenship law, only Pops whose culture's heritage trait matches that of their primary cultures heritage trait will be accepted. The heritage trait indicates which region of the world the culture originates from (e.g. European, African, Indigenous American), and under this law that is the only thing that matters - whether the Pops speak the same language, or are both transplants in the New World, is unimportant in determining their status. By contrast, under Cultural Exclusion, any similarity between a Pop's culture and one of the primary ones qualifies them as equal under the law.

例如，根據(jù)“種族隔離”的公民權(quán)法律，只有與國家主流文化傳承特質(zhì)相匹配的人口才會被接受。傳承特質(zhì)表明文化起源于世界的哪個(gè)地區(qū)（例如歐洲、非洲或美洲當(dāng)?shù)兀瑩?jù)此法律，傳承 是唯一重要的事情——無論他們是否說相同的語言，還是是闖蕩新世界的移民，這些都無法決定他們的地位。相比之下，在“文化排斥”法律下，人口的文化與主流文化任一點(diǎn)的任何相似性都使他們在法律上具有平等地位。

The total set of options are:

全部法律選項(xiàng)如下：

Ethnostate: only Pops of primary cultures are accepted
民族國家：僅接受主流文化的人口。

National Supremacy: Pops whose cultures share?both?heritage and another trait are accepted
民族至上：接受與其主流文化的傳承和另一特質(zhì)都相同的人口。

Racial Segregation: Pops of the same heritage are accepted
種族隔離：接受具有相同傳承的人口。

Cultural Exclusion: Pops whose cultures share any similarities are accepted
文化排斥：接受文化具有相似性的人口。

Multiculturalism: no cultures are discriminated against
文化多元主義：沒有文化歧視。

State Religion: only Pops who adhere to the state religion are accepted
國教：只接受信奉國教人口。

Freedom of Conscience: Pops who adhere to a religion in the same family as the state religion are accepted (e.g. any branch of Christianity, any form of Buddhist)
良心自由：接受信仰與國教同屬一支宗教的人口（例如任一分支基督教、任一形式佛教）。

Total Separation: no religions are discriminated against
宗教分離：沒有宗教歧視。

The practical impact of these laws therefore depends on what the state religion and primary cultures of your country are, as well as who actually lives in your country. An Ethnostate operates no differently in practice than a Multicultural state if only Pops of primary cultures live there. Since Pops are unlikely to mass migrate to your country if they’d be oppressed there once they arrived, until you expand your borders and populace by force you may not see a practical difference (except for a curious lack of immigrants). But if you were to form a Customs Union with a poorer neighbor, resulting in a lot of economic migration within the market to your country, you might have to deal with substantial political strife until you take steps to loosen up your Citizenship laws. If the option exists for you, as an alternative you might consider attempting to unify your nations instead (which we'll learn more about next week) in order to accept both cultures as "primary".

因此，這些法律的實(shí)際影響取決于國教和主流文化，以及實(shí)際居住的人口。如果只存在主流民族人口，一個(gè)民族國家實(shí)際的運(yùn)作與一個(gè)多元文化國家沒有什么不同。因?yàn)槿丝诓惶赡艽笠?guī)模遷移到歧視他們的國家，除非主動開疆拓土增加人口，否則玩家可能看不到實(shí)際差異（除了奇怪的缺乏移民的問題）。但是如果與一個(gè)較貧窮的鄰國組成關(guān)稅同盟，并導(dǎo)致市場內(nèi)部大量經(jīng)濟(jì)移民的到來，你可能就不得不處理大量政治沖突，直到放松公民權(quán)法律。如果可以選擇，替代方案是嘗試統(tǒng)一你的國家（更多內(nèi)容在下周日志中），以便將兩種文化都接受為“主要”文化。

Alright, now that we've cleared up how countries can adapt to the Pops, we will consider how Pops might adapt to their country.

好，既然我們已經(jīng)弄清楚了國家如何適應(yīng)人口，我們將考慮人口如何適應(yīng)他們的國家。

First let's tackle Religious Conversion. Pops who are discriminated against on the basis of their religion will always be in the process of converting to an accepted religion. The religion they convert to is not necessarily the state religion, though - it could be any accepted religion that is dominant in the state where they live. An Indigenous American following an Animist religion in a United States with Freedom of Conscience instead of Total Separation is eventually going to convert to some form of Christianity to avoid religious persecution, but if they live in a Nebraska that has been settled by predominantly Catholic rather than Protestant Pops, they would convert to Catholicism even though Protestantism is the dominant religion in the nation as a whole.

首先讓我們解決宗教改信Religious Conversion問題。因宗教而受到歧視的人口將始終處于轉(zhuǎn)變?yōu)榻邮艿淖诮痰倪^程中。不過，他們改信的宗教不一定是國教——也可能是在他們居住的地區(qū)占主導(dǎo)地位的任何被接受的宗教。一個(gè)在美國信奉泛靈論宗教的土著美國人，在“良心自由”而不是“宗教分離”法律的情況下，最終將改信某種形式的基督教以避免宗教迫害，但如果他們居住在天主教徒盛行而不是新教流行的內(nèi)布拉斯加州的定居點(diǎn)時(shí)，即使新教是整個(gè)國家的主要宗教，他們也更可能會改信天主教。

Pops convert at a percentage-based rate, currently set to a base of 0.2% / month (as usual, numbers such as these are subject to balancing and change before release, and are always moddable). A percentage-based conversion rate naturally means a diminishing number of actual converts over time, so at this rate it would take almost 30 years for ? of your discriminated population to convert. If you find this rate too ponderous for your strategic goals, you have two primary tools at your disposal to speed it up.

人口以基于百分比的速率轉(zhuǎn)換，目前設(shè)置為每月 0.2% 的基礎(chǔ)數(shù)值（像往常一樣，這些數(shù)字在發(fā)布前會進(jìn)行平衡和更改，并且始終是可通過模組的）?；诎俜直鹊霓D(zhuǎn)化率自然意味著，實(shí)際轉(zhuǎn)化的人數(shù)會隨著時(shí)間的推移而減少，因此按照這個(gè)速度，一半的受歧視人群需要將近30年的時(shí)間才能轉(zhuǎn)化。如果這個(gè)速度對于你的戰(zhàn)略目標(biāo)來說不夠快，你可以使用兩種手段來加快速度。

The Religious School System law + institution combination increases this rate by +20% per investment level, up to a potential maximum of +100% (i.e. twice the speed). It also increases the Education Access of Pops overall and increases the Clout of the Devout Interest Group.

“宗教學(xué)校系統(tǒng)”法律和機(jī)構(gòu)的組合，會使這一速率增加+20%（每級別機(jī)構(gòu)投資水平），最高可能達(dá)到+100%（即速度的兩倍）。它還增加了人口整體的受教育機(jī)會，并增加了虔信徒利益集團(tuán)的影響力。

The other method is the Promote National Values decree. Like all decrees, it is issued in a certain state and costs Authority for each state it is issued in, so in a larger country you will have to focus your efforts. Promote National Values doubles the rate of both conversion and assimilation.

另一種方法是“促進(jìn)國家價(jià)值觀”法令。像所有法令一樣，它是在某個(gè)地區(qū)發(fā)布的，并且每個(gè)地區(qū)都需要花費(fèi)權(quán)威力，所以在一個(gè)更大的國家，你必須集中你的力量。促進(jìn)國家價(jià)值觀會使宗教改信和文化同化的速率加倍。

Using a combination of both methods, you could speed up religious conversion such that ? of a minority population can be converted to an accepted religion within the span of a 10 years. Of course, your school system only extends to incorporated states, so if you're trying to mass convert Pops in conquered land or colonies you will have to do so by decree - or embark on the often lengthy and painstaking process of incorporating a part of the world that's culturally alien to your country.

如果同時(shí)使用兩種方法，就可以加快宗教改信的速度，以至于10年內(nèi)，有一半的少數(shù)群體人口可以皈依到一個(gè)被接受的宗教。當(dāng)然，你的學(xué)校系統(tǒng)只能延伸到已整合地區(qū)，所以如果你想讓被征服土地或殖民地的民眾大規(guī)模皈依，你必須通過法令來實(shí)現(xiàn)——或者開始一段通常而言漫長而艱苦的過程，將與你的國家文化相異的世界的一部分納入國中。

This leads us to cultural assimilation. The conditions for assimilation are a little more complex than conversion, and in some ways operate by the reverse logic. In order to start assimilating, a Pop must already be culturally accepted. After all, if they can't get citizenship, can't vote, can't participate in politics, can't get paid a fair wage on the basis of who they are, there simply is no way for them to assimilate - by which we mean, integrate themselves into a primary culture such that they are both accepted as such by others and genuinely consider themselves part of that culture. Renouncing one's religious beliefs and practices can be a very practical and concrete choice, but adopting and being adopted by a different culture is not a utilitarian decision.

這就把話題引向了文化同化Cultural Assimilation。同化的條件比改信要復(fù)雜一些，而且這二者在某些方面的運(yùn)作邏輯是相反的。想要開始同化，被同化的民眾必須已經(jīng)在文化上被接受。畢竟，如果他們不能獲得公民身份、不能投票、不能參與政治、不能根據(jù)自己的身份獲得公平的工資，他們根本沒有辦法被同化——我們的意思是，將自身融入一種主要文化，既被他人接受，又真正認(rèn)為自己是這種文化的一部分，這才是同化的意思。放棄自己的宗教信仰和習(xí)俗可能會是一個(gè)非常實(shí)際和具體的選擇，但接受不同的文化與被不同的文化所接受，這并不是一個(gè)功利的決定。

In addition, Pops will never change culture if they live in a state they consider their Homeland. A Franco-Canadian in Ontario might over time adopt the ways and tongue of their Anglo-Canadian neighbors, but a Franco-Canadian who resides in Quebec?! Plut?t mourir!

此外，如果老百姓生活在一個(gè)他們認(rèn)為是文化本土Homeland的地區(qū)，他們就永遠(yuǎn)都不會改變他們的文化。安大略省的法裔加拿大人可能會隨著時(shí)間的推移采用他們的英裔加拿大鄰居的習(xí)俗和語言，但居住在魁北克的法裔加拿大人呢？ 我寧愿去死（也不會改變）!（譯注：原文為法語。）

(And of course, if a confederated Canada has been created with both Anglo- and Franco-Canadian as primary cultures, none of those types of Pops would be changing cultures in the first place.)

（當(dāng)然，如果建立了一個(gè)以英裔和法裔加拿大人為主要文化的聯(lián)邦制加拿大，這兩種人口都不會改變文化）。

If a Pop should be assimilating, the culture they will be assimilating into will always be a primary culture. This is because, again, this is not a practical decision that's just up to the Pop in question, but a two-way-street of assimilation into the dominant national identity. In the case of countries with multiple primary cultures, the one selected will be the Homeland of the state the Pop lives in, or in case none or several apply, the dominant one among Pops who already live there. A Czech Pop living in a unified Germany (North + South German) in the state of Silesia (North German and Polish Homelands) will assimilate into the North German culture; if they lived in Bavaria they would be assimilating into the South German culture; and if they lived in Bohemia they would not assimilate at all, since Bohemia is a not only a South German but also a Czech H omeland. If this Pop instead lived in Transylvania (with both Hungarian and Romanian primary cultures and Homelands), they would be assimilating into whichever of those cultures is more dominant in the part of Transylvania where they live.

如果一個(gè)Pop要被同化，將他們同化的文化將永遠(yuǎn)是一種主流文化。這是因?yàn)?，這不是一個(gè)只由Pop單方?jīng)Q定的問題，而是一條同化為主流民族身份的雙向道。在有多種主流文化的國家中，所選擇的那個(gè)主流文化將是Pop居住地區(qū)的本土文化，如果居住地區(qū)的本土文化不是主流文化，或者數(shù)個(gè)本土文化都是主流文化，那就會選擇當(dāng)?shù)卣贾鲗?dǎo)地位的主流文化。一個(gè)生活在統(tǒng)一的德國（北德+南德）西里西亞州（北德和波蘭文化本土）的捷克人將被同化為北德文化；如果他們生活在巴伐利亞，他們將被同化為南德文化；如果他們生活在波西米亞，他們根本不會被同化，因?yàn)椴ㄎ髅讈啿粌H是南德也是捷克人的文化本土。如果這個(gè)人住在特蘭西瓦尼亞（有匈牙利和羅馬尼亞兩種主流文化，也是這兩族人的文化本土），他們就會被同化到他們所居住的特蘭西瓦尼亞地區(qū)更占優(yōu)勢的文化中。

The rate of assimilation is the same as for religion, 0.2% per month. As mentioned, the Promote National Values decree can be used to double this rate on a per-state basis. In addition, a Public School System will provide an increased assimilation rate of +12.5% per investment level, representing perhaps a less overt approach to indoctrination than their religious counterparts. With maximum effort, this means you can assimilate half of a minority population in about 18 years.

同化速率與宗教改信的速率相同，每月0.2%。如前所述，“促進(jìn)國家價(jià)值觀”法令可以用來在地區(qū)層面上使這一速率翻倍。此外，公立學(xué)校系統(tǒng)將為每級投資水平提供+12.5%的同化率，這也許代表了一種比宗教更隱秘的教化方法。這意味著你最快可以在大約18年內(nèi)同化一半的少數(shù)群體人口。

I'll end on a small design note. While our primary motivation while developing these mechanics was to provide a logical and believable simulation, a nice side effect of the asymmetry between conversion and assimilation is that there's no way to benefit from both without an asymmetry in your laws as well. An inclusive, accepting, discrimination-free society won't also become religiously homogeneous over time, nor will an oppressive, xenophobic country be able to assimilate their cultural minorities just by waiting them out while throwing resources at integrating them. Culture-wise, Pops need to be either accepted or harshly dealt with, now or in the future. Being accepting of all faiths today means there will be problems if you backtrack in the future. There is no one-size-fits-all strategy for dealing with heterogeneous populations.

最后，我想附上一個(gè)小小的設(shè)計(jì)說明。雖然我們開發(fā)這些機(jī)制的主要?jiǎng)訖C(jī)是提供一個(gè)合乎邏輯和可信的模擬，但改信和同化之間的不對稱所帶來的一個(gè)很好的效果是，如果你的法律也不對稱，就沒有辦法從這兩者中同時(shí)獲益。一個(gè)包容、接納、無歧視的社會不會隨著時(shí)間的推移而變得宗教上的同質(zhì)化；一個(gè)壓迫性的、排外的國家也不會僅僅通過投入資源和時(shí)間來同化他們的少數(shù)群體。從文化上講，Pop要么被接受，要么被嚴(yán)酷對待，無論是現(xiàn)在還是將來。今天接受所有的信仰，意味著如果將來想反悔就會出現(xiàn)問題。在處理異類方面，沒有一個(gè)放之四海而皆準(zhǔn)的策略。

There are of course a few good examples of countries that already start out with asymmetrical Citizenship and Church and State laws. The Ottoman Empire, home to a lot of cultural and religious minorities, has fairly lenient Citizenship Laws but zero separation of Church and State. As a result they will initially have a lot of both assimilation and conversion, and increasing the rate of those further might be one way for them to try to minimize Turmoil due to discrimination long-term. Meanwhile, the United States has total separation of Church and State (zero religious conversion, but no religious discrimination either) but Racial Segregation laws that cause considerable population segments to be discriminated against, particularly Indigenous- and African-American. Since none of these populations will ever be assimilating unless the Citizenship policy changes, this problem will not just go away on its own. Either the United States changes course legally, or they will have to continue dealing with trouble caused by the oppression of these minorities for the following century.

當(dāng)然，也有一些很好的例子，這些國家一開始就有不對稱的公民權(quán)法律和政教分離法律。奧斯曼帝國是許多文化和宗教少數(shù)群體的家園，它的公民權(quán)法相當(dāng)寬松，但政教不分。因此，他們最初會有大量的同化和改信，而進(jìn)一步提高這些速率可能是他們試圖將長期歧視造成的動蕩降到最低的一種方法。同時(shí)，美國有完全的政教分離法律（零宗教改信，但也沒有宗教歧視），但種族隔離法導(dǎo)致相當(dāng)多的人口群體受到歧視，特別是土著和非裔美國人。由于這些人口都不會被同化，除非改變公民身份政策，這個(gè)問題不會自行消失。要么美國從法律上改變路線，要么他們將不得不在接下來的一個(gè)世紀(jì)里繼續(xù)處理因壓迫這些少數(shù)民族而造成的麻煩。

That's all for this week! Like I hinted above, next week Martin will get into how Unifications work in Victoria 3, which I for one am very excited about!

本周就到此為止! 就像我在上面說的那樣，下周Martin將介紹維多利亞3中的統(tǒng)一Unification機(jī)制，我對這一點(diǎn)感到非常興奮！

翻譯：萊恩希德公爵 鏗爾舍瑟

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