牧游社 牧有漢化翻譯

Victoria 3 - Dev Diary #5 - Production Methods

Lachek, Victoria 3 Lead Designer

Hello again and happy Thursday! Today we will be taking a deeper look inside Buildings to explore Production Methods. These determine the functions of the building, its inputs and outputs, and what employee types it requires to operate.

大家周四吼啊！今天我們將深入建筑系統(tǒng)的內(nèi)部，談?wù)?strong>生產(chǎn)方式Production Methods。它們決定了建筑的功能、投入與產(chǎn)出，以及運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)所需的員工類型。

Many management games let you upgrade a building to increase its efficiency or expand its functionality. In these games, after the upgrade investment has been paid the impact is permanent and nearly always superior in every way to the building's previous functionality. But in Victoria 3 there are no actions without reactions, and novel innovations don't just make buildings better with no side effects. Improving industrial processes over time is to be expected, but in some cases those improvements might require goods as input that the country has scant access to, while others permit the output of a new type of end product at the expense of the old one. As a result, buildings in Victoria 3 require more flexible upgrade paths than what's afforded by permanent, linear, "no-brainer" improvements.

許多模擬經(jīng)營游戲都讓玩家通過升級建筑來提高效率或擴(kuò)展其功能。在這些游戲中，一次性的升級投資帶來的影響是永久性的，且這些影響幾乎在任何方面都優(yōu)于建筑原本的功能。但在維多利亞3中，不存在沒有反應(yīng)的行動，創(chuàng)新并不會毫無副作用地讓建筑變得更好。工業(yè)流程隨著時(shí)間流逝不斷改進(jìn)是可以預(yù)期的，但有些情況下這些改進(jìn)會導(dǎo)致建筑需要國家難以獲得的商品作為投入，而另一些情況則允許以犧牲舊產(chǎn)品為代價(jià)生產(chǎn)新的最終產(chǎn)品。因此，永久、線性、“無腦”的改良是不夠的，維多利亞3中的建筑需要更靈活的升級路線。

All buildings have several categories of Production Methods, usually between 2 and 5. Only one is active at any given time in each category. Most categories fall into one of these types:

所有建筑都有好幾種類型的生產(chǎn)方式，通常是2到5種。在任何時(shí)間段中，每個(gè)類型中都只能有一種生產(chǎn)方式在運(yùn)行。大部分類型又都屬于以下幾大類之一：

Base:?Governs the general "tech level" and efficiency of the building, produces goods typical for the building type
基礎(chǔ)：決定著建筑的一般“科技水平”和效率，生產(chǎn)該建筑類型的典型商品；

Refining:?reduces output of typical goods in favor of output of specialized or luxury goods, sometimes adding a special input
精煉：減少典型商品的產(chǎn)量，以增加特殊商品或奢侈品的產(chǎn)出；有時(shí)會新增特殊投入；

Automation:?adds industrial goods as input to reduce the building's unskilled workforce requirement
自動化：新增工業(yè)商品作為投入，以減少建筑對非熟練勞動力的需求；

Ownership:?determines who owns shares in the building; typically Governed by Laws
所有權(quán)：決定了建筑份額的擁有者，通常受法律轄制；

With the right technologies Food Industries can make Groceries from both Grain (Bakeries) and Fish (Canneries). They can also refine Grain and Sugar into Liquor (Distilleries). With advanced technologies Food Industries can be partially automated, drastically reducing the need for unskilled labor. Simple Food Industries are operated by Merchant Guilds (Shopkeepers), while more advanced and profitable Food Industries are owned by Capitalists who reinvest some of their dividends.

借助正確的技術(shù)，食品工業(yè)可以同時(shí)用谷物（面包店）和魚類（罐頭廠）生產(chǎn)食品雜貨Groceries。它們還可以把谷物和糖精煉成酒（釀酒廠）。隨著科技進(jìn)步，食品工業(yè)可以實(shí)現(xiàn)部分自動化，從而大幅降低對非熟練勞工的需求。簡單的食品工業(yè)由商人工會（店主）經(jīng)營，而更先進(jìn)、利潤更高的食品工業(yè)則由資本家所擁有——他們把分紅進(jìn)行再投資。

As one example, an Iron Mine's base Production Method determines if miners use only picks and shovels or if they also use some sort of engine-driven pumping mechanism. There are several different pumping technologies which also determine what fuel is used. The more advanced the pumping mechanism the more deposits can be accessed and the faster Iron can be mined, but the more Coal or Oil is used in the process. With higher tech pumps comes a requirement for more Engineers and Machinists to be on-site to control and oversee its operation. This creates more demand for qualified workers and also opens up a number of better paid positions to those Pops who meet the qualifications.

舉個(gè)栗子，一處鐵礦的基礎(chǔ)生產(chǎn)方式?jīng)Q定了礦工是僅使用礦鎬和鏟子，還是在這基礎(chǔ)上也使用一些由引擎驅(qū)動的泵送裝置。游戲中有數(shù)種不同的泵送科技，它們進(jìn)一步?jīng)Q定了裝置使用什么燃料。泵送裝置越先進(jìn)，可以開采的礦床就越多，開采鐵的速度也越快，但過程中也會消耗更多的煤或石油。更高科技的泵送裝置也需要更多的工程師和技工在現(xiàn)場操作和監(jiān)控其運(yùn)行。這帶來了更多對合格工人的需求，同時(shí)也為符合這些要求的Pop提供了一些薪水更高的職位。

The revolution in chemical sciences of the era also enabled the use of explosives in mining, which is a secondary Production Method category used only in mines. Once Nitroglycerin is invented, it can be used in mines to generate even more minerals, at the expense of Explosives produced by the Chemical Industry but also with a higher rate of workplace accidents. By researching less volatile Dynamite, even more minerals are extracted at the expense of even more Explosives, with the additional benefit that far fewer workers will blow themselves up on the job.

這個(gè)時(shí)代的化學(xué)革命也帶來了在采礦中使用炸藥的能力，這是一個(gè)僅在礦山使用的次要生產(chǎn)方式類型。硝化甘油一經(jīng)發(fā)明，就可以被用在礦山中，以獲取更多的礦物，而代價(jià)就是化學(xué)工業(yè)生產(chǎn)的炸藥和工作場所會有更高的事故發(fā)生率。通過研發(fā)揮發(fā)性較低的炸藥，礦山可以用更多的炸藥來獲取更多的礦物，這還會帶來額外的好處——在工作中把自己炸飛的工人會遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)更少。

Once invented, portable Steam Donkey engines can be deployed at mining sites to drastically reduce the amount of manual labor required just for hauling. This costs the building some money in the form of Coal and Engines, but reduces the amount of money they have to pay in wages. Perhaps more importantly it frees those Laborers up to do other work in other buildings if the state is running low on workers. But if wages are already very depressed it might not be a great idea to purchase expensive industrial goods just to increase the unqualified labor pool further, so this might not be a no-brainer decision for a player to make.

一旦發(fā)明了便攜式蒸汽絞車Steam Donkey，它就可以被運(yùn)用在采礦點(diǎn)，以大幅降低所需的僅用于搬運(yùn)的體力勞工數(shù)量。這增加了建筑在煤和引擎方面的支出，但是減少了它們要付的工資。也許更重要的是，他們解放了勞工：如果該地區(qū)缺少工人，這些勞工就可以去其他建筑工作。但是如果工資已經(jīng)很低，購買昂貴的工業(yè)產(chǎn)品也許就不是個(gè)好主意，這只會讓不滿足要求的勞工池更加擁擠。所以使用蒸汽機(jī)也許不是一個(gè)玩家可以無腦做出的決定。

In most countries, simple mines are owned and operated by Merchant Guilds at game start. These are small-time purveyors of the goods produced represented by Shopkeepers. Once mines start to industrialize, Capitalists step in to take over ownership. In most cases these Capitalists will come from Shopkeepers promoted to these newly created positions, but some might come from other Pops in the state, even other Capitalists in buildings not quite as lucrative as these new mines. There are fewer Capitalists than Shopkeepers but they draw a higher wage, and more importantly they will reinvest some of their earnings into the country's expanding industry depending on how much profit their workplace is generating for them. As new ideas spread across your society you might be able to make the mining industry publicly traded instead of privately held, and later on in the game perhaps even nationalize them to be run by Government bureaucrats or turn them into cooperatives where profit is split between workers.

在大部分國家，簡單的礦山在游戲開始時(shí)是由商人公會擁有和經(jīng)營的。這些是由店主Shopkeepers來代表的小型商品供應(yīng)商。礦山工業(yè)化之后，資本家Capitalists介入并接管了所有權(quán)。大多數(shù)情況下這些資本家將來自晉升到其新地位的店主，但也有可能是該地區(qū)的其他Pop，甚至是來自其他利潤不如這些新礦山高的建筑的資本家。資本家的數(shù)量比店主少，但是他們的工資更高，更重要的是他們會根據(jù)工作場所為他們創(chuàng)造的利潤，把收入的一部分重新投資到國家正在發(fā)展的工業(yè)中去。隨著新的理念在你的社會中傳播，你可以把采礦業(yè)從私人持有變?yōu)楣_交易（譯注：所有權(quán)公開交易的公司即指公眾公司、廣義的上市公司），在游戲后期甚至可以收歸國有，由政府官僚管理，或是將他們轉(zhuǎn)變?yōu)楣と撕献魃?，在工人之間分配利潤。

Production Methods aren't limited to consuming and producing goods. Government Administrations employ Bureaucrats and Clerks who use Paper to produce Bureaucracy, one of the game's Capacities that let you Govern more people and extend more state services to them. Railways consume Engines and a fuel such as Coal to produce both Transportation and Infrastructure, the former which is sold on the market and the latter which allows the state to support more buildings without loss of Market Access. Universities employ Academics that let the state guide research and development of new technologies and ideas. Virtually any kind of currency, modifier, or effect can be produced by Production Methods in buildings and can be applied in a variety of ways to the country, state, or even the building itself.

生產(chǎn)方式并不局限于消耗和產(chǎn)出商品。政府行政部門雇傭官僚和職員，通過消耗紙張來生產(chǎn)官僚力——游戲的能力值之一，可以讓你管理更多的人口并為他們提供更多的地區(qū)服務(wù)。鐵路消耗引擎和煤之類的燃料來生產(chǎn)運(yùn)輸和基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施，前者會在市場上出售，而后者則讓地區(qū)可以在不損失市場接入Market Access的前提下?lián)碛懈嗟慕ㄖ?。大學(xué)聘請學(xué)者讓地區(qū)得以進(jìn)行新科技和理念的研究和開發(fā)。幾乎任何種類的通貨、修正或是效果都可以通過建筑的生產(chǎn)方式產(chǎn)出，且可以通過各種方式應(yīng)用在國家、地區(qū)乃至建筑本身。

A basic Government Administration consumes 10 Paper and produces 50 Bureaucracy per fully-staffed level, but each additional level beyond the first adds a +2% Throughput bonus due to economy of scale. This increases both consumption of Paper and output of Bureaucracy, yielding more productivity from each of the Pops that work the building.

一個(gè)基本的政府行政部門建筑，每一個(gè)滿員級別會消耗10紙張并產(chǎn)出50官僚力，但在規(guī)模經(jīng)濟(jì)的影響下，每增加一個(gè)級別都會增加+2%的生產(chǎn)量。這同時(shí)提高了紙張消耗和官僚力產(chǎn)出，從而增加了在建筑中工作的每個(gè)Pop的生產(chǎn)力。

This of course adds a tremendous capacity for modding in new Buildings and Production Methods! Embassies that increase your Influence, but which can also be configured to consume Wine and Meat at state expense to increase the speed at which you Improve Relations? Shantytown Temples that can only be built on coastlines, that consume Fish and create jobs for pops qualifying for the Deep Ones profession, increasing state mortality but also the weekly rate of the global cthulhu_rising counter? We can't wait to see what madness you unleash!

當(dāng)然，這為新建筑和生產(chǎn)方式的模組修改帶來了無限可能！可以增加影響力的大使館，但同時(shí)也可以被設(shè)置成公款吃肉喝酒可以加快改善關(guān)系的速度？只能建在海邊的貧民窟神廟，消耗魚類并為滿足“深潛者Deep Ones”職業(yè)要求的人口提供工作，增加地區(qū)的死亡率但同時(shí)也會提高全局“克蘇魯出現(xiàn)cthulhu_rising”計(jì)數(shù)器的每周增長率？我們迫不及待地想看到你們釋放的瘋狂腦洞！

If tweaking multiple Production Methods across several categories on every single building in the game sounds a bit complex compared to linear building upgrades - you're right! Thankfully we've built a number of tools to help with this process. Foremost among these are the Buildings panel, where you can get an overview of all buildings in your country organized by major and minor type. For example you could get an overview of all Rural buildings, or all Furniture Manufactories, or all Ports. If you have buildings of the same type in several different states, you can break it down further to view the individual building. On each level you can see how profitable the building is and adjust its Production Methods. You can even set all Production Methods for a certain building type to a specific setting all across your country with one click.

如果你覺得和線性建筑升級相比，調(diào)整游戲中的每個(gè)建筑多種類別的生產(chǎn)方式更為復(fù)雜——你是對的！不過我們設(shè)計(jì)了許多工具來幫助你完成這件事。首先要提到的是我們的建筑界面，你可以在這里總覽全國的所有大小建筑。比如說，你可以查看所有的鄉(xiāng)村建筑，或是所有的家具廠，或所有港口。如果你在幾個(gè)不同的地區(qū)擁有同類型的建筑，你也可以進(jìn)一步細(xì)分查看每一個(gè)單獨(dú)的建筑物。在每個(gè)級別上你都可以看到建筑的盈利情況并調(diào)整它的生產(chǎn)方式。你甚至可以一鍵將全國某一建筑類型的所有生產(chǎn)方式調(diào)整成一個(gè)特定設(shè)定。

From the Buildings panel you can get a birds-eye view of all industries in your country and see at a glance how they're doing financially. You can change Production Methods on an individual building or on all of them at once. You can even expand buildings directly from this screen if you so choose, or click on one to get an in-depth view of its balance sheet and workforce.

你可以在建筑界面鳥瞰全國的行業(yè)，并簡單了解它們的財(cái)務(wù)狀況。你可以改變某一單獨(dú)建筑或所有同類建筑的生產(chǎn)方式。在這個(gè)界面你也可以直接擴(kuò)建建筑，或是點(diǎn)擊某一建筑以深入了解其收支表和勞動力構(gòu)成。

To minimize the requirement for mental math we have also created prediction tools that give you a breakdown of what to expect from choosing a certain Production Method, based on profitability predictions taking adjusted production and consumption into account, and summarizing which new job positions will be created and which will disappear. While it may on the surface seem obvious to just enable the Production Methods that make the buildings more profitable, keep in mind the societal effects as well - are there enough Pops in the state that qualify for the more advanced jobs this new process requires? Will the wage for these new jobs be sufficient to entice those Pops to switch professions? Will you inadvertently create a whole new class of well-to-do Machinists that may have pro-labor union sentiments? Or will the increased profits not lead to higher wages in the building because they're already competitive and fully employed, and will simply result in more dividends for the shareholders which will be funneled into increased luxury consumption? Which you choose might depend on your population's social mobility, what politics you favor in your country (a socialist uprising may not be in your plans!) and whether you're able to supply luxuries yourself without benefiting your rival. More profitable domestic industries are never bad, but should be far from the only consideration when building your society.

我們還加入了預(yù)測工具來減少對心算的要求。根據(jù)預(yù)期的盈利能力和調(diào)整后的建筑產(chǎn)出與消耗，它能為玩家提供選擇某種生產(chǎn)方式帶來的影響的詳細(xì)分解列表，并總結(jié)出哪些工作崗位會出現(xiàn)而哪些會消失。雖然表面上看，我們只需要使用讓建筑產(chǎn)生更多利潤的生產(chǎn)方式，但請不要忘記社會影響——該地區(qū)有足夠的Pop能勝任這一過程需要的更高級的工作嗎？這些新工作的工資足以吸引Pop改變職業(yè)嗎？你是否會在不經(jīng)意間創(chuàng)造出一個(gè)全新的、支持工會的富裕技工階級？又或者新生產(chǎn)方式帶來的新增利潤，因?yàn)槟壳暗墓べY水平已經(jīng)足夠有競爭力且人口已經(jīng)充分就業(yè)，不會帶來更高的工資，而只會為股東帶來更多的分紅，進(jìn)而增加奢侈品的消耗？你的選擇將會取決于人口的社會流動性、你在國家中支持的政治理念（一場社會主義者起義可能不在你的計(jì)劃之中?。?，又或者你是否可以在不讓對手受益的情況下滿足國內(nèi)的奢侈品需求。利潤更高的國內(nèi)產(chǎn)業(yè)總沒有壞處，但是這遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)不能成為你打造社會時(shí)唯一考慮的因素。

Predictive tooltips will explain the anticipated impact on the building's Balance as a result of changes in production, consumption, and wage requirements, as well as the changes in employment that could also impact the country's politics over time. You will also be forewarned if there aren't enough qualifying Pops to take on any new professions created, as this could limit your industry's effectiveness.

預(yù)測提示框?qū)褜ㄖ罩У念A(yù)期影響分為在生產(chǎn)、消耗、工資訴求領(lǐng)域的變化，同時(shí)也提供了就業(yè)的變化，隨著時(shí)間變動這可能會影響國家的政局。如果新職業(yè)缺乏足夠的符合要求的Pop，你也會收到提前通知，因?yàn)檫@限制了行業(yè)的效率。

That is all for this week. We will return to discussing more economic intricacies later, but for the next little while we'll be exploring domestic politics - starting next week when Martin will be presenting Interest Groups!

以上就是本周的全部內(nèi)容了。以后我們還會繼續(xù)討論更加錯(cuò)綜復(fù)雜的經(jīng)濟(jì)問題，但接下來的一段時(shí)間我們想要談?wù)剣鴥?nèi)政治——從下周Martin帶來的利益集團(tuán)Interest Groups開始！

翻譯：Parapinakes

校對：三等文官猹中堂

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