2023年管理類聯(lián)考英語二解析

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Section I Use of English

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Directions：

Read the following text.Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B,C or D on the ANSWER SHEET.(10 points)?

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Here's a common scenario that any number of entreprenuers face today:you're the CEO of a small business and though you're making a nice1,you need to find a way to take it to the next level. what you need to do is 2?growth by establishing a growth team.A growth team is made up of members from different departments within your company, and it harnesses the power of collaboration to focus 3_?on finding ways to grow.?

Let's look at a real-world?4. Prior to forming a growth team, the software company BitTorrent had 50 employees.Working in the 5 departments of engineering, marketing and product development.This brought them good results until 2012, when their growth plateaued.The 6 was that too many customers were using the basic,free version of their product. And?7?improvements to the premium,paid version,few people were making the upgrade.?

Things changed,?8?,when an innovative project marketing manager came aboard,9?a growth team and sparked the kind of 10?perspective they needed. By looking at engineering issues from a marketing point of view, it became clear that the11?of upgrades wasn't due to a quality issue. Most customers were simply unaware of the premium version and what it offered.?

Armed with this 12, the marketing and engineering teams joined forces to raise awareness by prominently 13?the premium version to users of the free version. 14,upgrades skyrocketed,and revenue increased by 92 percent.?

But in order for your growth,team to succeed,it needs to a have a strong leader.It needs someone who can 15 the interdisciplinary team and keep them on course for improvement. This leader will 16_the target area,set clear goals and establish a time frame for the 17of these goals.?

The?growth leader is also 18?for keeping the team focus on moving forward and steer them clear of distractons. 19 attractive, new ideas can be distractng,the team leader must recognize when these ideas don't 20?the current goal and need to de put on the back burner.?

1.A.purchase?B.profit?C.connection?D.bet

2. A.define B.predict?C.prioritize D.appreciate

3. A.exclusively?B.temporarily C.potentially D.initially

4. A.experiment B.proposal C.debate D.example?

5. A.dentical B.marginal C.provisional D.traditional

6. A.rumor B.Secret C.myth D.problem?

7. A.despiteB.unlikeC.throughD.deside ?

8. A.Moreover B.However C.Therefore D.Again

9. A.inspected B.created C.expanded D.Reformed?

10.A.culturalB.objectiveC.freshD.personal

11. A.end B.burden C.lack?D.decrease

12. A.policy B.suggestion C.purpose D.insight

13. A.contributing B.allocating?C.promoting D.transforming ?

14.?A.as a result B.at any rate C.by the way D.in as sense

15. A. unite B.finance C.follow D.choose

16 A.share B.identify C.divide D.broaden?

17 A.announcement B.assessment C.adjustment D.accomplishment?

18. A.famous B.responsible?C.available D.respective ?

19. A.before B.Once C.while D.unless?

20 A.serve?B.limit C.summerize D.alter

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Section II Reading Comprehension

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Part A

Directions:?

Read the following four texts.Answer the questions after each text by choosing A,B,C or D. Mark your answers on the ANSWER SHEET.(40 points)?

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Text 1

In the quest for the perfect lawn,homeowners across thecountry are taking a shortcut—and it is the environment that is?paying the price.About eight mnillion square metres of plastic grassis sold each year but opposition has now spread to the highest?gardening circles.The Chelsea Flower Show has banned fake grassfrom this year's event,declaring itto be not part of its ethos.The?Royal Horticultural Society (RHS),which runs the annual show inwest London,says it has introduced the ban because of the damageplastic grass does to the environment and biodiversity.?

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Ed Horne,of the RHS,said:"We launched our sustainability strategy last year and fake grass is just not in line with our ethos andviews on plastic. We recommend using real grass because of itsenvironmental benefits,which include?supporting?wildlife??alleviating flooding and cooling the environment??

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The RHS's decision comes as campaigners tryto raiseawareness of the problems fake grass causes.A Twitter account,which claims to “cut through the greenwash of artificial grassalready has more than 20,000 followers.It is trying to encouragepeople to sign two petitions,one calling for a ban on the sale ofplastic grass and another calling for an “ecologicaI damage'tax onsuch lawns. They have gathered 7,276 and 11,282 signatures.?

However,supporters of fake grass point out that there is also anenvironmental impact with natural lawns,which need mowing andtherefore usually consume electricity or petrol.The industry alscpoints out that real grass requires considerable amounts of waterweed killer or other treatments and that people who lay fake grasstend to use their garden more. The industry also claims that peoplewho lay fake grass spend an average of f500 on trees or shrubs fortheir garden,which provides habitat for insects.?

In response to another petition last year about banning fakelawns,which gathered 30,000 signatures,the govemnment respondedthat it has “no plans to ban the use of artificial grass"

It added:"We prefer to help people and organisaions make theright choice rather than legislating on such matters. However, the use of artificial grass must comply with the legal and policy safeguards?in place to protect biodiversity and ensure sustainable drainage.while measures such as the strengthened biodiversity duty should?serve to accourage public authorities to strengthen?sustainable alternatives.?"

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21.?the RHS thinks that plastic grass_____.

A.is harmful to the environment.?

B.is a hot topic in gardening circles.?

C.is overpraised in the?

D.is ruining the view of WEST London.?

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22.the petitions mentioned in para 3 reveal the campaigner's?_______.

A.disapoint with the RHS?

B.resistance too fake grass use?

C.anger over the proposed tax?

D.concern about real grass supply?

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23. In para 4,supporters of fake grass point out?_______.

A.the necessity to lower the costs of fake grass.?

B.the disadvantages of groeing real grass.?

C.the way to take care of artifical lawns

D.the challenges of insect habitat protection.

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24.What would the goverment do with regard to artificial grass??

A.urge legislationto restrict its use.?

B.take measures to guarantee its quality?

C.remind its users to obey existing rules.?

D.replaceit with suatainable alternatives?

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25. It can be learned from the text that fake grass?_______.

A.is being improved continuously

B.has been a market share decline

C.is becoming affordable?

D.has been a controversial product?

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Text?2

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?It's easy to dismiss as absurd the Trump administration's ?ideas for?plugging the chronic funding gap of our national parks. Can anyone?really think it's a good idea to?allow Amazon deliveries to your tent?in Yosemite or food trucks to line up under the redwood trees atSequoia National Park?

But the administration is right about one thing: U.S. nationalparks are in crisis.Collectively,they have a maintenance backlog ofmore than $12 billion.Roads,trails,restrooms,visitor centers andother infrastructure are crumbling.?

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But privatizing and commercializing the campgrounds would?not be the panacea that the Interior Department's Outdoor AdvisoryCommittee would have us believe.Campgrounds are a tiny portionof the overall infrastructure backlog,and concessionaires in theparks hand over, on average, only about 5% of their revenues to theNational Park Service.?

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Moreover,increased privatization would certainly undercut oneof the major reasons why 300 million visitors come to the parks eachyear:to enjoy nature and get a respite from the commercial drumbeatthat overwhelms daily life.

The real problem is that the parks have been chronically starvedof funding. We conducted a comprehensive survey examining howusresidents view their national parks. andwefound that Amnericans place a very high value on them whether or not theyactually visit them.The peer-reviewed economic survey of 700 U.S?taxpayers, conducted by mail and internet,also found that peoplewould be willing to pay a significant amount of monney to make surethe parks and their programs are kept intact. Some 81% of?respondents said they would be willing to pay additional taxes forthe next 10 years to avoid any cuts to the national parks.

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The national parks provide great value to U.S. residents both asplaces to escape and as symbols of nature.On top of this,theyproduce value from their extensive educational programs, theirpositive impact on the climate through carbon sequestration,theircontribution to our cultural and artistic life.and of course through?tourism.The parks also help keep America's past alive, workingwith thousands of local jurisdictions around the country to protect?historical sites ——including Ellis Island and Gettysburg and to bringthe stories of these places to life.?

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The parks do all this on a shoestring. Congress allocates onIy $3 billion a year to the national park system ——an amount that hasbeen flat since 2001 (in inflationadjusted dollars) with the exceptionof a onetime boost in 2009 as part of the Obama stimulus packageMeanwhile.the number of annual visitors has increased by morethan 50% since 1980,and now stands at 330 million visitors per?year.

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26.?.What problem are U.S. national parks faced with?

A.decline of business profits?

B.inadequate commercialization

C.lack of transportation services

D.poorly maintained infractructure?

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27.Increased privatization of the campground may??

A.spoil vistor experience?

B.help preserve nature?

C.bring operational pressure?

D. boost visits to parks?

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28. according to para 5,most respondents in the survey would??

A.go to the national parks on a regular basis.

B.adavocate a bigger budget for the national parks?

C.agree to pay extra for the national parks?

D.support the national parks'recent reforms?

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29.The national parks are valuable in that they?_____.

A. lead the way in tourism?

B.have historical significance?

C.sponsor research on climate?

D.provide an income for the locals?

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30.?It can be concluded from the text that the national park system ____.

A.is able to cope with staff shortages?

B.is able to meet visitor' demands

C.is in need of?a new pricing policy

D.is in need of?a funding increase

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Text 3

The Internet may be changing merely what we remember,not our capacity to do so,suggests Columbia University psychology professor Betsy Sparrow. In 2011,Sparrow led a study in which participants were asked to record 40 factoids in a computer (an ostrich's eye is bigger than its brain,"for example).Half of the participants were told the information would be erased,while the other half were told it would be saved.Guess what?The latter group made no effort to recall the information when quizzed on it later,because they knew they couldI find it on their computers.In the same study,a group was asked to remember both the information and the folders it was stored in.They didn't remember the information,but they remembered how to find the folders.In other words,human memory is not deteriorating but "adapting to new communications technology," Sparrow says.?

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In a very practical way,the Internet is becoming an extemal hard drive for our memories,a process known as "cognitive offloading." Traditionally,this role was fulfilled by data banks, libraries,and other humans.Your father may never remember birthdays because youir mother does, for instance. Some worry that this is having a destructive effect on society but Sparrow sees an upside. Perhaps,she suggests,the trend will change our approach to learning from a focus on individual facts and memorization to an emphasis on more conceptual thinking——something that is not available on the Internet. "I personally have never seen all that much intellectual value in memorizing things,"Sparrow says,adding that we haven't lost our ability to do it.?

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Still other experts say it's too soon to understand how the Internet affects our brains.There is no experimental evidence showing that it interferes with our ability to focus, for instance,wrote psychologists Christopher Chabris and Daniel J.Simons. And surfing the web exercised the brain more than reading did among computersavvy older adults in a 2008 study involving 24 participants at the Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior at the University of California,Los Angeles.?

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"There may be costs associated with our increased reliance on the Internet,but I'd have to imagine that overall the benefits are going to outweigh those costs,"observes psychology professor Benjamin Storm. "It seems pretty clear that memory is changing, butis it changing for the better? At this point,we don't know."?

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31.Sparrow's study shows that with the Internet,the human brain will?______.

A. analyze information in detail?

B. sollect information efficiently?

C.switch its focus of memory

D. extend its memory duration?

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32.The process of "cognitive offloading"?_______.

A. helps us identify false information?

B. keeps our memory from failing?

C. enables us to classify trivial facts?

D.lessens our memory burdens?

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33.Which of the following would Sparrow support about the Internet??

A. It may reform our learning approach

B. It may impact our society negatively?

C. It may enhance our adaptability to technology?

D. It may interfere with our conceptual thinking?

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34.It is indicated in Para 3 that how the Internet affects our brains_____.

A. requires further academic research?

B. is most studies in older adults?

C. is reflected in our reading speed?

D. depends on our web-surfing habits?

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35.Neither Sparrow nor Storm would agree that?________.

A. our reliance on the Internet will be costly?

B. the Internet is weakening our memory?

C. memory exercise is a must for our brain?

D.our ability to focus declines with age?

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Text 4

Teenagers are paradoxical.That' s a mild and detached way of saying something that parents often express with considerably stronger language.But the paradox is scientificas well as personal. In adolescence,helpless and dependent children who have relied on grown-ups for just about everything become independent people who can take care of themselves and help each other. At the same time,once cheerful and compliant children become rebellious teenage risktakers.

A new study published in the journal child Development?by Eveline Crone of the University of London and colleagues,suggests that the positive and negative sides of teenagers go hand in hand.The study is part of a new wave of thinking about adolescence.For a long time,scientists and policy makers concentrated on the idea that teenagers were a problem needed to be solved. The new work emphasizes that adolescence is a time of opportunity as well as risk.?

The researchers studied "prosocial"and rebellious traits in more than 200 child and young adults,ranging from 1I to 28 years old. The participants filled out questions about how oftenthey did things that were altruistic and positive,like sacrificing their own interests to help a friend or rebellious and negative, like getting drunk or staying out late.?

Other studies have shown that rebellious behavior increased as you become a teenager and then fades away as you grow older. But the new study shows that,interestingly,the same pattern holds for prosocial behavior Teenagers were more likely than younger children or adults to report that they did things like selfishly help a friend.?

Most significantly,there was a positive correlation between prosociality and rebelliousness. The teenagers who were more rebellious were also more likely to help others.The good and bad sides of adolescence seem to develop together.?

Is there some common factor that underlies these apparently contradictory developments? One idea is that teenager behavior is related to what researchers call" reward sensitivity" Decision-making always involves balancing rewards and risks,benefits and costs "Reward sensitivity" 'measures how much reward it takes to outweigh risk.?

Teenagers are particularly sensitive to social rewards-winning the game,impressing a new friend,getting that boy to notice you. Reward sensitivity,like prosocial behavior and risk-taking, seems to go up in adolescence and then down again as we age. Somehow,when you hit 30,the chance that something excitng and new will happen at that party just doesn' t seem to outweigh the effort of getting up off the conch.

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36.?According to Parapraph 1, children growing into adolescence tend to____.

A.develop opposite personalitytraits?

B.?see the world in an unreasonable way

C.?have fond memories of their past

D.show affection for their parents

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37.?It can be learned from parapraph 2 that Crone's study ____.

A.explores teenagers' social responsibilities?

B.examines teenagers'emotional problems?

C.provides a new insight into adolescence?

D.highlights negative adolescence behavior?

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38.What does Crone's study find about prosocial behavior??

A.It results from the wish to cooperate.

B.It is cultivated through educatim.

C.It is subject to famiy influence.

D.It tends to peak in adolescence.?

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39.It can be learned from last two parapraph that teenagers ___.

A.?overstress their influence on others

B.care a lot about social recognition?

C.become anxious about their future?

D.endeavor to live a joyful life?

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40.What is the text mainly about??

A.Why teenagers are self-contradictory

B.Why teenagers are risk-sensitive?

C.How teenagers become independent?

D.How teenagers develop prosociality?

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Part B?

Directions:?

Read the following text and match each of the numbered items in the left column to its corresponding information in the right column.There are two extra choices in the right column. Mark your answers on the ANSWER SHEET.(10 points)?

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Net-zero rules set to send cost of new homes and extensions soaring.

New building regulations aimed at improving energy efficiency are set to increase the price of new homes, as well as those of extensions and loft conversions on existing ones.?

The rules,which came into effect on Wednesday in England,are part of government plans to reduce the UK's carbon emissions to net zero by 2050. They set new standards for ventilation, energy efficiency and heating,and state that new residential buildings must have charging points for electric vehicles.?

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The moves are the most significant change to building regulations in years, and industry experts say they will inevitably lead to higher prices at a time when1 a shortage of materials and high labour costs is already driving up bills.?

Brian Berry,chief executive of the Federation of Master Builders, a trade group for Brian Berry small and medium-sized builders, says the measures will require new materials,testing methods,products and systems to be installed. “All this comes at an increased cost during a time when prices are already sky high.Inevitably,consumers will have to pay more," he says.?

Gareth Belsham,of surveyors Naismiths,says people who are upgrading, or extending their home, will be directly affected.?

“The biggest changes relate to heating and insulation,”he says."There are new rules concerning the amount of glazing used in extensions,and any new windows or doors must be highly insulated.”?

The changes could mean an extra ￡3,000 added to the bill of an average home extension, according to Jonathan Rolande of the National Association of Property Buyers, a group of professionals aimed at raising construction standards.?

Homeowners extending may see the amount of space they have decrease,as walls will have to be thicker in order to comply with requirements for better insulation.?

Andrew Mellor,of PRP architects,says external walls will need to be about 7cm thicker than previously.?

Windows and doors will have to adhere to higher standards,while there are new limits on the amount of glazing you can have to reduce unwanted heat from the sun.?

Thomas Goodman,of My Job Quote,a site which sources quotes, says this will bring in new restrictions for extensions.?

“Glazing on windows,doors and rooflights must cover no more than 25% of the floor area to prevent heat loss,”he says.?

As the rules came into effect last Wednesday,property developers were rushing to file plans just before the deadline,according to Belsham.Any plans submitted before that date are considered to be under the previous rules,and can go ahead aslong as work starts before 15 June next year.

Builders which have costed projects,but have not filed the paperwork,may need to go back and submit fresh estimates,says Marcus Jefford of Build Aviator.

As the changes are aimed to make homes more energy efficient,they will eventually drive down heating bills.?

Materials prices are already up 25% in the last two years, How much overall prices will increase as a result of the rule changes is not clear.“"While admirable in their intentions,they will add to the cost of housebuilding at a time when many already feel that they are priced out of homeownership,"says Rolande.“An average extension will probably see around ￡3,000 additional cost thanks to the new regs."

John Kelly,a construction lawyer at Freeths law firm,believes prices will eventually come down.But not in the immediate future. “As the marketplace adapts to the new requirements,and the technologies that support them,the scaling up of these technologies will eventually bring costs down,but in the short term,we will all have to pay the price of the necessary transition,"he says.

However,the long-term effects of the changes will be more comfortable and energy-efficient homes,adds Mellor."Homeowners will probably recoup that cost over time in energy bill savings. It will obviously be very volatile at the moment,but they will have that benefit over time."

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41.Briam Beny?D

42.Gareth Belsham F

43.Marous Jefford??B

44.John kelly?A

45.Andrew?Mellor G

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Section III Translation

46.Directions:?

Translate the following text into Chinese.Write your translation on the ANSWER SHEET.(15 points)?

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In the late 18th century,William Wordsworth became famous for his poems about nature.And he was one of the founders of a movement called Romanticism,which celebrated the wonders of the natural world.?

Poetry is powerful. Its energy and rhythm can capture a reader,transport them to another world and make them see things differently.Through carefully selected words and phrases,poems can be dramatic,funny,beautiful,moving and inspiring.?

No one knows for sure when poetry began but it has been around for thousands of years,even before people could write. It was a way to tell stories and pass down history. It is closely related tosong and even when written it is usually created to be performed out loud. Poemsreally come to life when they are recited.This can also help with understanding them too,because the rhythm and sounds of the words become clearer.?

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【參考譯文】

18 世紀晚期，威廉·華茲華斯因其關于自然的詩歌而聞名。他是浪漫主義運動的 創(chuàng)始人之一，該運動頌揚自然世界的奇跡。?

詩歌是有力量的。它的能量和節(jié)奏可以吸引讀者，把他們帶到另一個世界，讓他 們以不同的方式看待事物。通過精心挑選的詞語和短語，詩歌可以是戲劇性的、有趣 的、美麗的、動人的和鼓舞人心的。?

沒有人確切地知道詩歌是什么時候開始的，但它已經存在了數千年，甚至在人們 會寫字之前。這是一種講述故事和傳承歷史的方式。它與歌曲密切相關，即使是寫出 來的，也通常是為了大聲表演而創(chuàng)作的。詩歌朗誦起來才真正生動起來。這也有助于 理解它們，因為單詞的節(jié)奏和發(fā)音變得更加清晰。?

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Section Ⅳ Writing

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Part A

47.?Directions:

An art exhibition and a robot show are to be held on Sunday,and your friend David asks you which one he should go to. Write him an email to?

1)make a suggestion,and 2)give your reason(s).?

Write your answer in about 100 words on the ANSWER SHEET?

Do notuse your own name in your email;use"Li Ming" inistead.(10 points)

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【參考范文】

Dear David,?

I am your friend Li Ming and I have seen your enquire on whether choosing to goto the art exhibition or the robot show on Sunday.I recommend you to participate in the robot show rather than the art exhibition.?

After careful consideration,the reasons are as follows. First and foremost,the robot show is more practical and instructive to you, which is highly related to your major and the career you are going to pursue.Moreover,although you are very interested in art,the exhibition will last for many days so you can take part in it in other days alternatively.?

On that day,I will also present in the robot show as well.Remember to register in the official website of the robot show.I sincerely hope you can enjoy yourself on this event. See you soon.?

Yours,?

Li Ming

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Part B

48.Directions:?

In this section,you are asked to write an essay based on the following chart. In your writing,you should?

1)?interpret the chart,and

2)give your comments.?

You should write about 150 words.Write your essay on the ANSWER SHEET.(15 points)

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2011—2021 我國居民健康素養(yǎng)水平

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【參考范文】

Judging from the above graph,we can clearly infer that the past several years have witnessed a dramatic change in respect of health literacy in China.During that period,there has been a dramatic increase in the proportion from 2012 to 2021,while it remained steady stable from 2013 to 2016.To sum up,the health literacy has improved a lot in recent years.?

To begin with,health literacy is essential to population health. This trend is bound up with people's increasing awareness of their health.With many apps like tiktok and weibo,there are so many publicities about how to stay healthy. Thus,the knowledge rate of health literacy was improved to adopt health-related behaviour and lifestyle.?

In addition,this tendency also has a lot to do with Chinese government's national policies and programs to improve health literacy. Many people have access to free physical examination, which guides people to make the best decisions for future wellness.?

Based on the factors discussed above,all the analysis point to an unshakable conclusion.The improvement of health literacy is the result of both people's own awareness and government's support.?

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