All the speculators one saw a few years ago as to the probable effect of home rule on education in Ireland showed one how inadequately the problem was grasped. To some the expected advent of Home Rule seemed to promise as its main fruition in the field of education the raising of their salaries. To others the supreme thing it was to bring it its train was the abolition of Dr Starkie. To some again it held out the delightful prospect of Orange boys and Orange girls being forced to learn Irish. to others it meant the dawn of an era of commonsense, the ushering in of the reign of ‘a(chǎn) sound modern education' suitable to the needs of a progressive modern people.

幾年前，所有投機(jī)者對(duì)地方自治對(duì)愛爾蘭教育的可能的影響的看法都表明，他們對(duì)對(duì)這個(gè)問題的掌握是多么不充分。對(duì)一些人而言，地方自治在教育領(lǐng)域的主要預(yù)期成果似乎是提高他們的工資。對(duì)其他人而言，最重要的罷免了斯塔基博士。對(duì)于某些人，地方自治再次展現(xiàn)了新教徒孩子被迫學(xué)習(xí)愛爾蘭語的令人愉快的前景。對(duì)于其他人，地方自治意味著一個(gè)常識(shí)時(shí)代的黎明，意味著符合進(jìn)步的現(xiàn)代人的需求的”健全的現(xiàn)代教育“的統(tǒng)治的到來

I scandalised?many people at the time by saying that the last was the view that irritated me most. The first view was not so selfish as it might appear, for between the salary offered to teachers and the excellence of a country's education system there is a vital connection. And the second and third forecasts at any rate opened up picturesque vistas. The passing of Dr Starkie would have something of the pageantry of the banishment of Napoleon to St Helena [an effect which would have been heightened had he been accompanied into exile by Mr Bonaparte Wyse], and the prospect of the children of Sandy Row being taught to curse the Pope in Irish was rich and soul-satisfying. These things we might or might not have seen had Home Rule come. But I expressed the hope that even Home Rule would not commit Ireland to an ideal so low as the ideal underlying the phrase ‘a(chǎn) sound modern education.'

當(dāng)時(shí)我批評(píng)了最后一個(gè)觀點(diǎn)，這讓很多人感到震驚。 第一種觀點(diǎn)并不像看起來那么自私，因?yàn)榻處煹男剿c國(guó)家教育體系的質(zhì)量間存在重要的聯(lián)系。無論如何，第二和第三個(gè)預(yù)測(cè)展示了如畫班美好的前景。 Starkie博士的逝世會(huì)產(chǎn)生某種盛況，就像拿破侖被放逐到圣赫勒拿島(如果Bonaparte Wyse先生陪同他流放，影響會(huì)更加顯著)，以及 Sandy Row 的孩子們被教育用愛爾蘭語詛咒教皇的前景既豐富又令人心滿意足。 如果地方自治真的來臨，我們可能也可能不會(huì)看到這些。 但我希望，即使地方自治也不要讓愛爾蘭陷入一個(gè)差到像“健全的現(xiàn)代教育”這個(gè)短語所蘊(yùn)含的理想。

?

It is a vile phrase, one of the vilest I know. Yet we find it in nearly every school prospectus. and it comes pat to the lips of nearly everyone that writes or talks about schools.

?這是我所知道的最卑鄙的短語之一。 然而，我們幾乎在每一所學(xué)校的招股說明書中都能找到它。 幾乎每個(gè)書寫或談?wù)搶W(xué)校的人都會(huì)說到這一點(diǎn)。

Now. there can be no such thing as ‘a(chǎn) sound modern education.' - as well talk about a ‘lively modern faith' or ‘a(chǎn) serviceable modern religion.' It should be obvious that the more ‘modern' an education is the less sound; for in education ‘modernism' is as much a heresy as in religion. In both medievalism were a truer standard. We are too fond of clapping ourselves upon the back because we live in modern times, and we preen ourselves quite ridiculously [and unnecessarily] on our modern progress. There is, of course, such a thing as modern progress, but it has been won at how great a cost. How many precious things have we flung from us to lighten ourselves for that race.

現(xiàn)在不可能存在所謂“完善的現(xiàn)代教育”，以及談?wù)摗盎顫姷默F(xiàn)代信仰”或“有用的現(xiàn)代宗教”。顯然，越“現(xiàn)代”的教育越不健全；因?yàn)樵诮逃?，“現(xiàn)代主義”與在宗教中一樣是異端。在這兩方面中世紀(jì)主義都是一個(gè)更真實(shí)的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。 我們過譽(yù)我們生活的現(xiàn)代，我們可笑(且不必要)地夸耀我們的現(xiàn)代進(jìn)步?，F(xiàn)代確實(shí)有進(jìn)步，但它為獲得它所付出的代價(jià)相當(dāng)高昂。 為了在競(jìng)爭(zhēng)中獲勝，我們放棄了多少寶貴的東西以減輕自己的負(fù)擔(dān)。

?

And in some diiections we have progressed not at all. or we have progressed in a circle. Perhaps, indeed, all progress on this planet, and on every planet, is in a circle, just as every line you draw on a globe is a circle or part of one. Modern speculation is often a mere groping where ancient men saw clearly. All the problems with which we strive [I mean all the really important problems] were long ago solved by our ancestors, only their solutions have been forgotten. There have been States in which the rich did not grind the poor, although there are no such States now; there have been been self-governing democracies, although there are few such democracies now; there have been rich and beautiful social organisations. with an art and a culture and a religion in every man's house, though for such a thing today we have to search out some sequestered people living by a desolate sea shore or in a high forgotten valley among lonely hills - a hamlet of Iar-Connacht or a village in the Austrian Alps. Mankind, I repeat, or some section of mankind, has solved all its main problems somewhere and at some times. I suppose no universal and permanent solution is possible as long as the old Adam remains in us, the Adam that makes each one of us, and each tribe of us, something of the rebel, of the the thinker, of the adventurer, of the egoist, but the solutions are there, and it is because we fail in clearness of vision or in boldness of heart or in singleness of purpose that we cannot find them.

在某些方向上，我們根本沒有進(jìn)步，或者一直在輪回。 也許，我們的所有進(jìn)步，以及世界上的所有進(jìn)步，都是在一個(gè)圓圈中。就像你畫的每條線都是一個(gè)圓圈的一部分。 現(xiàn)代的思辨往往只是摸索，而古人早已看清。我們努力解決的所有問題(我的意思是所有真正重要的問題)很久以前就已被我們的祖先所解決，只是他們的解決方案被遺忘了。曾經(jīng)有過富人不折磨窮人的國(guó)家，盡管現(xiàn)在已不復(fù)存在；曾經(jīng)有自治的民主國(guó)家，盡管如今寥寥無幾；曾經(jīng)出現(xiàn)過豐富多彩的社會(huì)組織：每個(gè)人的家里都有獨(dú)特的藝術(shù)、文化和宗教，盡管今天為了這些，我們必須尋找一些生活在荒涼的海邊或在孤獨(dú)的山丘之間被遺忘的高谷中的與世隔絕的人——例如西康諾特或奧地利阿爾卑斯山的村莊。 人類，或者至少一部分部分，已經(jīng)在某個(gè)時(shí)間某個(gè)地方解決了所有的主要問題。 我想，只要舊亞當(dāng)仍然存在于我們之中，就不可能有普遍和永久的解決方案，亞當(dāng)使我們每個(gè)人和我們的每個(gè)部落都成為反叛者、思想家、冒險(xiǎn)家、冒險(xiǎn)家、利己主義者。但解決方案就在那里，正是因?yàn)槲覀冊(cè)谇逦囊曇?、勇敢的心或單一的目?biāo)上失敗了，所以我們找不到它們。