1029《The other side of the hedge》書評

【作者】E.M.FORSTER
【文章來源】《50 GREAT SHORT STORIES》
【故事梗概】開頭是我在路上走累了歇了歇,一路很單調(diào),路對面是一排樹籬。突然從樹籬那端吹來一陣清風(fēng)讓我蘇醒,同時也讓我好奇地進(jìn)去探索——因?yàn)樵谖覀冞@,沒有人認(rèn)為樹籬那端有什么東西。
然后我就在樹籬中艱難行走,卻被水淹沒。等我醒來的時候我旁邊有個救了我的老頭——年紀(jì)很大但是聲音很年輕。我們在這個類似于花園的漂亮地方逛著,但我只想知道這條路通往哪所以我一直問老頭,但他一開始笑話我想回去,后來的回答就一直是“nowhere”——這條路沒有頭??次揖芙^跟這邊的人一起吃飯睡覺,只一心想走出去,他帶我找到大門,但他一直勸我說這邊好,外面的世界人們一直想著前進(jìn)。但我覺得前進(jìn)就是生活的意義,這邊的人們生活太悠閑(與世無爭那種),也太虛假了——假到我跟老頭走路的時候計步器都不工作了。后來在第二個門口我看見了一個人,拿著鐮刀和啤酒,我一口奪過他的啤酒喝掉了。在感覺消失前,我發(fā)現(xiàn)這個人就是一兩年前因?yàn)槔速M(fèi)時光在唱歌和幫助他人而被我拋棄在前進(jìn)路上的哥哥。
【一點(diǎn)個人理解】有些地方有點(diǎn)沒看懂,比如為什么我要拋棄哥哥以及最后哥哥出現(xiàn)的意義何在,那就針對我看懂了地方說說。
首先是計步器,開頭說我走了很久但是計步器只顯示的是25,我想這計步器可能顯示的是年齡,而我走的這條路就是通向死亡。
而類似于花園的漂亮地方就是一個烏托邦,人們與世無爭。并不像我在外面停下來休息時,后面的人們就會爭先恐后超過我然后嘲笑我一樣,這里的人做事情都只有自己,沒有競爭,“no others”——有人唱歌唱的好聽,也是自己一個人,有人又跑又跨欄又游泳動作迅速看起來好像比賽,但是只有他一個人。
在這個烏托邦里我的生命停止了(計步器不動了)。因?yàn)闆]有競爭所以我覺得沒有意思,體會不到生命中該有的酸甜苦辣。而且烏托邦里的路沒有盡頭,說明這樣沒有競爭似乎一眼能看到頭的生活單調(diào)乏味。所以我一直想逃離這片烏托邦。
我覺得作者意在應(yīng)該是告訴我們,生命的意義在于前進(jìn),在前進(jìn)中體會到酸甜苦辣的快樂才是人生的真諦。
【網(wǎng)上的一些他人觀點(diǎn)】My view of this short story is that Forster described the "Internal Utopia," contrasting it to the civilized life.This book demands certain knowledge of classic literature.?
The Gates of Ivory and Horn:
In Homer's Odyssey, Penelope mentions: "For two are the gates of shadowy dreams, and one is fashioned of horn and one of ivory." It reads that men see false dreams through the ivory gate, while the horn gate usher in true issues. This is a clue to clarify the nature of "the other side of the hedge."?
The Road:
The road and the pedometer represent the life and the age, respectively. Forster views that ordinary lives are monotonous and competitive. In this story, people including Miss Eliza Dimbleby, the great educationist, are obsessed by walking on the dusty road. It is "shocking thing to stop walking." The road also represents a civilization history. When humanity saw a "false dream" through the Ivory Gate, its quest on the road, that is civilization started. The irony is that nobody knows the goal although everybody on the road believes in the "quest." Also note that there are only people on the road.?
The Park or Garden:
The garden represents "Internal Utopia" where the truth and virtue materialize. The narrater regards it as a prison and the hedge as a barrier that prevent him from going back to the road. He obstinately spurns everything in the world on the other side. He states, “This is perfectly terrible. One cannot advance: one cannot progress. Now we of the road -." Evidently he believes in advancement of science and competitions in life. Only when he glimpses the road through the Gate?of Horn, he acquiesces in the truth and takes a drink.
The Hedge:
The hedge is brown on the road but green on the other side. It separates toilsome life and serene Utopia. The barrier is thicker in some area but penetrable in various places. Many walkers are occupied by the progress on the road too much to notice such variegation. However, some are curious enough to attempt a traverse.
The slumber:
The slumber represents spiritual awakening, which Forster frequently utilizes in his writings. The narrater senses "the magic song of nightingales, and the odour of invisible hay, and stars piercing the fading sky." This intimates his entrance into the Utopia. It completes his transformation that was initiated by the symbolic burial of old himself on the road, that is, immersion in cold water.
【相應(yīng)的有道翻譯】我對這篇短篇小說的看法是福斯特描述了“內(nèi)心的烏托邦”,并將其與文明生活進(jìn)行了對比。這本書需要一定的古典文學(xué)知識。象牙和號角之門:
在荷馬的《奧德賽》中,佩內(nèi)洛普提到:“兩個是朦朧夢境之門,一個是號角之門,一個是象牙之門。”書中說,人們通過象牙門看到虛假的夢想,而通過號角門看到真實(shí)的問題。這是澄清“籬笆的另一邊”性質(zhì)的線索。
這條路:
道路和計步器分別代表生命和年齡。福斯特認(rèn)為,日常生活是單調(diào)的,是競爭的。在這個故事中,包括偉大的教育家伊萊扎·丁布爾比小姐在內(nèi)的許多人都著迷于走在塵土飛揚(yáng)的路上?!巴V剐凶呤橇钊苏痼@的事情?!边@條路也代表了一部文明史。當(dāng)人類透過象牙門看到一個“虛假的夢”時,它的追尋之路就開始了,那就是文明。諷刺的是,雖然路上的每個人都相信“追求”,但沒有人知道目標(biāo)是什么。還要注意路上只有人。
公園或花園:
花園代表著“內(nèi)心的烏托邦”,是真理和美德的化身。敘述者認(rèn)為它是一個監(jiān)獄,樹籬是一個障礙,阻止他回到路上。他固執(zhí)地唾棄對方的一切。他說:“這太可怕了。一個人不能進(jìn)步,一個人不能進(jìn)步?,F(xiàn)在我們該上路了——”顯然,他相信科學(xué)的進(jìn)步和生活中的競爭。只有當(dāng)他從合恩角之門瞥見道路時,他才默認(rèn)了真理并喝了一口。
樹籬:
馬路上的樹籬是棕色的,另一邊是綠色的。它把辛苦的生活和寧靜的烏托邦分隔開來。屏障在某些地方較厚,但在不同的地方可以穿透。許多行人在路上忙得團(tuán)團(tuán)轉(zhuǎn),根本沒有注意到這種變化。然而,有些人很好奇,想嘗試一次穿越。
睡眠:
睡眠代表著精神的覺醒,福斯特在他的作品中頻繁地運(yùn)用了這一點(diǎn)。敘述者感受到了“夜鶯的魔力之歌,看不見的干草的氣味,以及星光刺破蒼穹”。這意味著他進(jìn)入了烏托邦。它完成了他的轉(zhuǎn)變,這是由象征性的埋葬老自己在路上,即沉浸在冷水。?