《現(xiàn)代建筑的最后大師：貝聿銘 I.M. Pei 》

曾設(shè)計(jì)盧浮宮金字塔

I.M. Pei, Master Architect Whose Buildings?Dazzled the World, Dies at 102

I.M. Pei, who began his?long career designing?buildings for a New York real estate developer and ended it as one of the most?revered?architects in the world, died early Thursday at his home in Manhattan. He was 102.

周四凌晨，貝聿銘在曼哈頓家中去世，享年102歲。他從為紐約一家房地產(chǎn)開發(fā)商設(shè)計(jì)建筑起步，經(jīng)過一段漫長的職業(yè)生涯，最終成為世界最受崇敬的建筑師之一。

Best known for designing the East Building of the National Gallery of Art in Washington and the glass pyramid at the entrance to the Louvre in Paris, Pei was one of the few architects who?were equally attractive?to real estate developers, corporate chieftains and art museum boards (the third group, of course, often made up of members of the first two). And all his work — from his commercial skyscrapers to his art museums —?represented?a?careful balance of the cutting edge and the conservative.

貝聿銘以華盛頓國家美術(shù)館東館和巴黎盧浮宮入口處的玻璃金字塔聞名，很少有建筑師可以像貝聿銘這樣，在房地產(chǎn)開發(fā)商、企業(yè)領(lǐng)袖和美術(shù)館董事中間具有同樣的吸引力（當(dāng)然，第三種人往往由前兩種人組成）。他的所有作品——從商業(yè)摩天樓到藝術(shù)博物館——都代表著前衛(wèi)與保守之間的一種謹(jǐn)慎的平衡。

1. ???? I.M. Pei, who began… ?注意：中英文順序相反，英文先說主語，然后從句給出事實(shí)背景，事實(shí)背景的2個(gè)作用：1. 就是背景；2. 給出原因

2.????? began his long career doing something and ended it as… 他的職業(yè)以什么開頭，以什么結(jié)尾

3.????? the most revered =特別受尊敬的 = the most respected = the most respectable

4.????? real estate developer = 房地產(chǎn)開發(fā) = property developer

1.????? East Building of the National Gallery of Art =華盛頓的國家美術(shù)館東館

2.????? glass pyramid = 玻璃金字塔

3.????? Louvre = 羅浮宮

4. ???? Pei was one of the few architects who were equally attractive to real estate developers, corporate chieftains and art museum boards 注意：主句判斷表態(tài)總結(jié)，從句事實(shí)背景。

5.????? attractive to = be appealing to somebody

6.????? chieftains = leader

7.????? art museum boards = BOD =董事會 | ?boarding school =寄宿制學(xué)校

8.????? made up = 組成

9.????? represent #動(dòng)詞處理隱詞法，ie可以根據(jù)中文怎么順怎么來

10.? a careful balance of the cutting edge and the conservative
#這里用 a balance of A and B, 但實(shí)際上 a balance between A and B 更好
# you must balance work and life. # strike a balance A and B 統(tǒng)籌兼顧、達(dá)成平衡，ie處理好……的關(guān)系

11.? the cutting edge = 前端技術(shù) # cutting-edge 當(dāng)中有連字符，就是尖端的，前衛(wèi)的（一般形容技術(shù)）

12.? the conservative 名詞

Pei remained a?committed?modernist, and while none of his buildings could ever be called old-fashioned or traditional, his particular brand of modernism — clean, reserved, sharp-edged and?unapologetic?in its use of simple geometries and its?aspirations to monumentality — sometimes seemed to be a throwback, at least when compared with the latest architectural trends. This hardly bothered him. What he valued most in architecture, he said, was that it "stand the test of time."

貝聿銘始終是忠誠的現(xiàn)代主義者，然而，他設(shè)計(jì)的建筑雖然都算不上舊式或傳統(tǒng)，他特有的現(xiàn)代主義——干凈、矜持、棱角分明、大量使用幾何圖形、并且懷著成為紀(jì)念建筑的抱負(fù)——有時(shí)似乎顯得像是一種復(fù)古，至少在與最新的建筑趨勢相比時(shí)是這樣。他對此絲毫不以為意。他說，他覺得建筑最重要的品質(zhì)是“經(jīng)得起時(shí)間的考驗(yàn)”。

Pei, who was born in China and moved to the United States in the 1930s, was hired by William Zeckendorf in 1948, shortly after he received his graduate degree in architecture from Harvard, to?oversee?the design of buildings produced by Zeckendorf's firm, Webb & Knapp.

貝聿銘出生于中國，1930年代移居美國。1948年，在哈佛大學(xué)獲得建筑學(xué)碩士學(xué)位后不久，他受聘于威廉·澤肯多夫(William Zeckendorf)，在澤肯多夫的公司齊氏威奈(Webb & Knapp)主持建筑設(shè)計(jì)工作。

The Rock & Roll Hall of Fame and Museum project would not be Pei's last unlikely museum commission: His museum oeuvre would?culminate?in the call to design the Museum of Islamic Art, in Doha, Qatar, in 2008, a challenge Pei?accepted with relish. As with the rock museum, Pei saw the Qatar commission as an opportunity to learn about a culture he did not claim to understand. He began his research by reading a biography of the Prophet Muhammad, and then commenced a tour of great Islamic architecture around the world.

克利夫蘭搖滾名人堂和博物館項(xiàng)目看上去不太像是貝聿銘會做的博物館，但這樣的案例后面還有：2008年，卡塔爾多哈的伊斯蘭藝術(shù)博物館標(biāo)志著他的博物館設(shè)計(jì)達(dá)到了巔峰，貝聿銘興致勃勃地接受了這個(gè)挑戰(zhàn)。和搖滾博物館一樣，貝聿銘認(rèn)為卡塔爾的項(xiàng)目是一個(gè)機(jī)會，讓他可以去學(xué)習(xí)自己并不了解的文化。他的研究始于閱讀先知穆罕默德的傳記，然后動(dòng)身參觀世界各地的偉大伊斯蘭建筑。

2，be committed to 致力于， 堅(jiān)持/秉持原則 we’re committed to peaceful development.

Committed 堅(jiān)定的， he’s a committed environmentalist

3，brand ,能直譯的地方，盡量直譯，句子中可理解為風(fēng)格。不能直譯，關(guān)注of 后面，來譯前面。brand of modernism 現(xiàn)代風(fēng)格

4，翻譯是另類的寫作！

5，Unapologetic 大膽的，無所顧忌的

6，Monument 紀(jì)念碑 monumental 具有紀(jì)念意義的 monumentality 經(jīng)典，具有紀(jì)念意義的東西

7，Stand the test of time = timeless 經(jīng)得起時(shí)間的考驗(yàn),經(jīng)典

8，receive 什么學(xué)位 in 哪個(gè)專業(yè)from 哪個(gè)大學(xué)（用作公式）?? graduated degree=masters degree

9，Oversee=supervise 監(jiān)督?? oversee sth,(shopping) 主抓，主管的意思,in charge of

10，Commission 委員會,傭金? be commissioned by sb.委托的意思 （幫別人做事，受別人委托）

11，Culminate in =Result in? 以（頂峰的結(jié)果，人生巔峰）為告終

12，Sb. Accept a challenge with relish.欣然接受挑戰(zhàn)

13，As with sth.=just as/like sth.正如同什么東西一樣

14，Commission= project 替換詞

15，Enter uncharted territory 進(jìn)入未知的領(lǐng)域

Besides his many art museums, he designed concert halls,?academic structures, hospitals, office towers and civic buildings like the Dallas City Hall, completed in 1977; the John F. Kennedy Library in Boston, finished in 1979.

In 1979, the year after the National Gallery was completed, Pei received the Gold Medal of the American Institute of Architects, its highest honor.

除了眾多藝術(shù)博物館，他還設(shè)計(jì)過音樂廳、學(xué)術(shù)建筑、醫(yī)院、辦公樓和市政建筑，比如1977年竣工的達(dá)拉斯市政廳；1979年竣工的波士頓約翰·F·肯尼迪圖書館。1979年，也就是國家美術(shù)館落成后的第二年，貝聿銘獲得了美國建筑師協(xié)會(American Institute of Architects)金獎(jiǎng)，這是該協(xié)會的最高榮譽(yù)。?

Pei never?played down?his connections to China. His children were all given Chinese names, and when he won the Pritzker Prize in 1983, widely viewed as the highest honor a living architect can receive, he used the $100,000 award to establish a scholarship fund for Chinese architecture students.?

貝聿銘從不淡化他與中國的關(guān)系。他的孩子們都取了中文名字。1983年他贏得普利茲克獎(jiǎng)(Pritzker Prize)時(shí)，用10萬美元獎(jiǎng)金為中國的建筑學(xué)生設(shè)立了一個(gè)獎(jiǎng)學(xué)金。普利茲克獎(jiǎng)被普遍視為在世建筑師能獲得的最高榮譽(yù)。

1. ???? academic structures = 學(xué)術(shù)建筑 structures = building 建筑，表示建筑的模糊詞有establishment，ex：this is a medical establishment finished in 1900.

2.????? 于哪一年竣工 finished in 年

3.????? highest honor 最高榮譽(yù)

4.????? Pei never played down his connections to China. 貝聿銘從不淡化和中國的關(guān)系
# play down = 低調(diào)處理
# 反義詞 play up = 炒作 = hype up |? media hype 媒體炒作
# connections 這里復(fù)數(shù)是指方方面面的聯(lián)系
# He’s well connected. Connected在這里可以解釋為人脈

5. ???? widely viewed as = 被廣泛認(rèn)為是。。。

6.????? scholarship fund = 獎(jiǎng)學(xué)金

7.????? There’s moderation in everything. 凡事皆有度

學(xué)習(xí)要點(diǎn)：

1.????? 讀書和壽命無關(guān)

2.????? 人脈要擴(kuò)大、眼光不要短淺

3.????? 中西結(jié)合、融合、統(tǒng)籌解雇

4.????? 不要忘本（最后一段）