由于溫室效應(yīng)，地球正在升溫。當(dāng)化石燃料燃燒時，釋放出的二氧化碳進(jìn)入大氣層，像毯子一樣將地球裹起來，這意味著熱輻射無法發(fā)散，使地球表面溫度升高。這個現(xiàn)象是地球上出現(xiàn)越來越多極端天氣事件的原因之一。為減緩這種狀況的加劇，人們可以在家里使用更節(jié)能的電器、嘗試以蔬菜為主的飲食結(jié)構(gòu)。本期節(jié)目介紹什么是溫室效應(yīng)。

詞匯：climate change 氣候變化

Our planet is?heating up?due to something called the?greenhouse effect. This is one of the reasons why Earth is seeing more?extreme weather?events, such as?heatwaves, forest fires and floods each year. But what exactly is the greenhouse effect, and what can we do to reduce it?

由于溫室效應(yīng)，我們的星球正在變暖。這就是為什么地球每年都會出現(xiàn)更多極端天氣事件的原因之一，比如熱浪、森林火災(zāi)和洪水。但溫室效應(yīng)到底是什么，我們能做些什么來減少它?

Let's first think about a?greenhouse?– you may have one in your garden! It's a glass structure that protects plants against low?temperatures?by?trapping?heat inside. But, while this helps your plants grow, Earth is trapping heat in the same way, and it's causing?global warming. When?fossil fuels, such as coal, oil and gas, are burnt for power,?carbon dioxide?is released as a?waste product. It enters the?atmosphere?and acts like a blanket around the planet, which means heat?radiation?can't escape and the temperature increases.

讓我們先想想溫室——你的花園里可能就有一個!它是一種玻璃結(jié)構(gòu)，通過將熱量留在內(nèi)部來保護(hù)植物免受低溫的傷害。但是，雖然這有助于植物生長，但地球以同樣的方式吸收熱量，從而導(dǎo)致全球變暖。當(dāng)煤炭、石油和天然氣等化石燃料燃燒發(fā)電時，二氧化碳作為廢物被釋放出來。它進(jìn)入大氣層，就像地球周圍的毯子一樣，這意味著熱輻射無法逃逸，溫度上升。

The impact of?gases?on the Earth's?climate?was first investigated in the 1820s. Eunice Foote, a scientist and women's rights activist, tested the effects of?sunlight?on different gases that she put into glass cylinders. Her results showed that carbon dioxide traps heat more than other gases. The idea of the greenhouse effect was born.

氣體對地球氣候的影響在19世紀(jì)20年代首次被研究。科學(xué)家和女權(quán)活動家尤妮斯·富特(Eunice Foote)測試了陽光對不同氣體的影響，她將這些氣體放入玻璃圓柱體中。她的研究結(jié)果表明，二氧化碳比其他氣體更能吸收熱量。溫室效應(yīng)的概念由此誕生。

So, what can we do to reduce the greenhouse effect? The UN recommends using more?energy-efficient?electrical appliances at home and switching to?LED lightbulbs. Also, by washing your clothes at 30° instead of a higher temperature, around 40% less electricity is used over a year, according to the Energy Saving Trust. A change in diet is also something to consider. The charity A Well-Fed World, claim that?plant-based?foods, as opposed to meat and dairy, need less land and water to be produced. So, switching saves energy and lowers?emissions, which contribute to climate change.

那么，我們能做些什么來減少溫室效應(yīng)呢?聯(lián)合國建議在家中使用更節(jié)能的電器，并改用LED燈泡。此外，根據(jù)節(jié)能信托公司(Energy Saving Trust)的數(shù)據(jù)，用30度而不是更高的溫度洗衣服，一年的用電量可以減少40%左右。飲食上的改變也是需要考慮的。慈善機(jī)構(gòu)A Well-Fed World聲稱，與肉類和奶制品相比，植物性食品的生產(chǎn)需要更少的土地和水。因此，換工作可以節(jié)省能源，降低排放，而排放會導(dǎo)致氣候變化。

We only have one planet, so let's try and take care of it as much as we can.

我們只有一個地球，所以讓我們盡我們所能地愛護(hù)它。

詞匯表

heat up 變暖
greenhouse effect 溫室效應(yīng)
extreme weather 極端天氣
heatwave 熱浪，酷暑期
greenhouse 溫室，暖房
temperature 氣溫
trap 吸收，保存
global warming 全球變暖
fossil fuel 礦石燃料
carbon dioxide 二氧化碳
waste product 廢物
atmosphere 大氣層
radiation 輻射
gas 氣體
climate 氣候
sunlight 陽光
energy-efficient 節(jié)能的，高能效的
LED lightbulb 發(fā)光二極管燈泡
plant-based 僅有蔬菜的，全素的
emission 排放

測驗(yàn)與練習(xí)

1.?閱讀課文并回答問題。

1. What is a greenhouse?

2. What does carbon dioxide do when it enters the atmosphere?

3. Who first investigated the impact of gases on the climate?

4. True or False??Washing your clothes at 40° saves around 30% less electricity over a year.

5. How can eating plant-based foods help the environment?

2.?選擇意思恰當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或詞組來完成下列句子。

1. Don't make the coffee yet. We need to wait for the water to _______.??

heat up? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? trap? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? burn? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? investigate

2. We're planning to move to a country with a warmer _______ next year.? ? ?

sunlight? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? radiation? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ?emission? ? ? ? ? ? ? climate

3. According to the weather forecast, there's going to be another _______ next week!

temperature? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ?heatwave? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ?atmosphere? ? ? ? ? fossil fuel

4. Do you have a _______ in your garden?

greenhouse effect? ? ? ? ? global warming? ? ? ? ? ? gas? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ?greenhouse

5. I'm not sure whether to have the meat or _______ burger.

glass? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ?plant-based? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ?LED? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? energy-efficient

答案

1.?閱讀課文并回答問題。?

1. What is a greenhouse?
It's a glass structure that protects plants against low temperatures by trapping heat inside.

2. What does carbon dioxide do when it enters the atmosphere?
It acts like a blanket around the planet, which means heat radiation can't escape and the temperature increases.

3. Who first investigated the impact of gases on the climate?
Eunice Foote, a scientist and women's rights activist.

4. True or False??Washing your clothes at 40° uses around 30% less electricity?over a year.
False. By washing your clothes at 30° instead of a higher temperature, around 40% less electricity is used over a year.

5. How can eating plant-based foods help the environment?
Plant-based foods, as opposed to meat and dairy, need less land and water to be produced. So, switching saves energy and lowers emissions.

2.?選擇意思恰當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或詞組來完成下列句子。

1. Don't make the coffee yet. We need to wait for the water to?heat up.?

2. We're planning to move to a country with a warmer?climate?next year.? ??

3. According to the weather forecast, there's going to be another?heatwave?next week!

4. Do you have a?greenhouse?in your garden?

5. I'm not sure whether to eat the meat or?plant-based?burger.

文章來源BBC，侵權(quán)刪。