S30815板，棒，管，鋼帶，線材，鍛件，鍛管，鍛板，鍛棒，圓棒，板材，薄板，無縫管，焊管，圓鋼，絲材

對材料及其構件在使用過程中發(fā)生各種形式失效現(xiàn)象的特征及規(guī)律進行分析，從中找出產(chǎn)生失效的主要原因及防治措施，金屬材料的失效形式及失效原因密切相關，失效形式是材料失效過程的表現(xiàn)特征，可以通過適當?shù)姆绞竭M行觀察，而失效原因是導致構件失效的物理化學機制，需通過對失效構件進行宏觀、微觀診斷和分析。

失效分類通常分為以下大類：

• 變形失效

• 磨損失效

• 腐蝕失效

• 斷裂失效

而通常失效原因不外乎金屬材料其選擇不當、熱處理錯誤、機械設計錯誤等，對此選型各類型材料時，需對材料本身有一定的理解。

以下對253MA/S30815合金其一些基本材料特征做出分解。

S30815化學元素成分含量(%)

概述

不銹鋼253MA是一種稀奧氏體耐熱合金，具有高強度和出色的抗yang化性。253 MA通過先進控制微合金添加劑來保持其耐熱性能。稀土金屬與硅的結(jié)合使用可提供高達2000°F的優(yōu)異抗yang化性。氮，碳和稀土和堿金屬氧化物的分散體結(jié)合起來提供與鎳基合金相當?shù)娜渥償嗔褟姸取Ｔ诟邷叵滦枰邚姸鹊母鞣N部件，例如熱交換器，窯爐，堆疊阻尼器和烘箱部件.

制造和焊接

不銹鋼253 MA易于通過標準商業(yè)程序制造。與碳鋼相比，不銹鋼更堅韌，并且易于快速加工。然而，在正進料和低速與大量切削液結(jié)合的情況下，這種合金的加工硬化傾向可以最小化。

不銹鋼253 MA可使用傳統(tǒng)焊接工藝焊接。填充金屬應具有相似的成分，以獲得zui大的焊接完整性和性能。

產(chǎn)品描述：

253MA是一種耐熱奧氏體不銹鋼，為需要高蠕變強度和良好抗腐蝕力的應用而設計。其使用溫度范圍為850~1100 ℃。

1、與310S、1Cr20Ni14Si2相比，性能更優(yōu)越，節(jié)Ni，價格便宜。

2、900℃時有很高的強度。在空氣中，非承受壓力的條件下可以使用到1150℃，有優(yōu)越的抗高溫氧化性能。

3、各溫度下的短時拉伸強度比通常的不銹鋼（如304、310S）的強度高出20%以上。

4、具有高溫長期性能（蠕變性能、持久性能）。

253MA用途：除了合金元素鉻和鎳之外，這種牌號的不銹鋼還含有少量的稀土金屬（Rare Earth Metals,REM），從而明顯地改善了其抗氧化能力。添加了氮以改善蠕變性能并使這種鋼成為完全的奧氏體。盡管鉻和鎳含量相對來說較低，但這種不銹鋼有許多情況下具有與高合金化的合金鋼和鎳基合金相同的高溫特性。

S30815 plate, bar, pipe, steel strip, wire, forging, forged pipe, forged plate, forged bar, round bar, plate, thin plate, seamless pipe, welded pipe, round steel, wire

Analyze the characteristics and laws of various forms of failure of materials and their components in the use process, and find out the main causes of failure and preventive measures. The failure forms and causes of metal materials are closely related. The failure forms are the apparent characteristics of the material failure process, which can be observed in an appropriate way. The failure causes are the physical and chemical mechanisms that lead to component failure, It is necessary to conduct macro and micro diagnosis and analysis on the failed components.

Failure classification is generally divided into the following categories:

Deformation failure

Wear failure

Corrosion failure

Fracture failure

The failure is usually caused by improper selection of metal materials, wrong heat treatment and mechanical design. When selecting various types of materials, it is necessary to have a certain understanding of the material itself.

Some basic material characteristics of 253MA/S30,815 alloy are decomposed as follows.

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S30815 chemical element content (%)

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summary

Stainless steel 253MA is a dilute austenitic heat-resistant alloy with high strength and excellent yang resistance. 253 MA maintains its heat resistance through advanced control of micro alloy additives. The combination of rare earth metals and silicon provides excellent yang resistance up to 2000 ° F. Nitrogen, carbon and dispersion of rare earth and alkali metal oxides combine to provide creep rupture strength equivalent to that of nickel base alloys. High strength components are required at high temperatures, such as heat exchangers, kilns, stack dampers, and oven components

Fabrication and welding

Stainless steel 253 MA is easily manufactured by standard commercial procedures. Compared with carbon steel, stainless steel is more tough and easy to process quickly. However, in the case of positive feeding and low speed combined with a large amount of cutting fluid, the work hardening tendency of this alloy can be minimized.

Stainless steel 253 MA can be welded using conventional welding processes. Filler metal shall have similar composition to obtain large welding integrity and performance of zui.

Product description:

253MA is a heat-resistant austenitic stainless steel designed for applications requiring high creep strength and good corrosion resistance. The operating temperature range is 850~1100 ℃.

1. Compared with 310S and 1Cr20Ni14Si2, it has superior performance, nickel saving and low price.

2. It has high strength at 900 ℃. In the air, it can be used to 1150 ℃ without bearing pressure, and has excellent high-temperature oxidation resistance.

3. The short-time tensile strength at various temperatures is more than 20% higher than that of ordinary stainless steel (such as 304, 310S).

4. It has high temperature and long-term performance (creep performance, durability).

Use of 253MA: In addition to the alloy elements chromium and nickel, this brand of stainless steel also contains a small amount of rare earth metals (REM), which significantly improves its oxidation resistance. Nitrogen is added to improve the creep properties and make the steel a complete austenite. Although the content of chromium and nickel is relatively low, this stainless steel has the same high temperature characteristics as the highly alloyed alloy steel and nickel base alloy in many cases.