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P1 -- Hobbies

You will be able to

1. talk about your hobbies
2. how often you do them
3. why you like them

The secret to IELTS Speaking:

Learn to speak natural spoken English.

Different Types of Free Time Activities

1. Indoor Activities
2. Playing games
3. Reading
4. Watching TV/Films
5. Chilling out/hanging out with friends
6. Outdoor Activities
7. Sports
8. Gardening
9. Travelling
10. Going shopping
11. Collecting Things
12. Stamps
13. Coins
14. NFTs -- Non-fungible token (a unique digital item)
15. Creative Activities
16. Playing a musical instrument
17. Painting
18. Knitting
19. Taking photos

What do you do in your free time?

I get up to a lot of different things.

I'm fond of playing video games.

I'm into playing video games.

I'm passionate about playing video games.

To dabble in = to do something casually, less seriously

• I like to dabble in cooking.
• I sometimes dabble in painting.
• Last week I dabbled in NFTs.

IN ADDITION

• I play the guitar, but I am just an aficionado.
• I play the guitar for fun.
• I play the guitar, but I am just an amateur.

ADVERBS to Talk About Your Hobby

Adverbs of Frequency

1. I often/regularly/frequently paint.
2. I paint whenever I can/as often as I can/whenever I get a chance.
3. I don't paint as much as I would like.我沒有畫我想畫的那么多。/ I don't get round to painting as much as I would like. 我沒有抽出時(shí)間來畫我想畫的畫。

USE DIFFERENT TENSES

1. PRESENT SIMPLE
2. I paint.
3. I recently took up painting.
4. I am new to it.
5. PAST SIMPLE
6. I started painting a couple of years ago.
7. I decided to have a go at painting.
8. I decided to try my hand at painting.
9. To have a go at sth. = to try sth. new
10. PRESENT PERFECT CONTINUOUS
11. I've been playing football for as long as I can remember.
12. I've been painting for donkey's years.
13. for donkey's years = for a long time

NOW USE WHAT YOU'VE LEARNED

• I often paint. I decided to have a go at painting because my daughter was taking classes. Yeah, so, I've been painting for about 2 years now.

THE BENEFITS OF HOBBIES

1. To Relax
2. It (just) helps me ...
3. unwind
4. kick back
5. chill out
6. To Stay Healthy
7. I find that it helps me ...
8. get into shape
9. keep fit
10. stay in shape
11. get close to nature
12. It has a calming effect.
13. It's really therapeutic.
14. It's a great stress buster. 壓力克星。
15. To Socialize
16. It allows me to (just) .../ It's a nice way to...
17. hang out with friends
18. meet up with friends
19. chill out with friends

P2 -- Talk naturally about your family

My family has 5 family members. ×

I have 4 family members. ×

There are 4 of us in my family. ?

• Family Size

I come from a big/small family.

I was an only child.

I was one of 3 siblings.

There was a lot of sibling rivalry in my family.

↑ brothers and sisters competing

Extended family = siblings, parents, grandparents, uncles, aunts, cousins 大家庭（幾代同堂的家庭）

Nuclear family = parents and their children 核心家庭，小家庭（只包括父母和子女）

• SIBLINGS

My brother and I are like 2 peas in a pod.

My brother and I are like chalk and cheese. 截然不同

例句：The two countries are as different as chalk and cheese, and the comparison is silly in the first place. 這兩個(gè)國(guó)家風(fēng)馬牛不相及，拿他們作對(duì)比從一開始就很可笑！

We have our ups and downs.

We don't always see eye to eye. 看法/意見一致

Sometimes, we fall out but then we make up.

To fall out = to argue and no longer talk

To make up = to become friends again

We are a close family.

We are a tightly knit family.

Yes, we have our differences, but we are a tightly knit family.

My family is everything to me. / My family mean the world to me.

I love them to bits. / I love my family to bits.

• CHILDREN

As a parent, I try not to be overprotective.

I don't want to spoil my children.

I try not to spoon feed them.

• PARENTS

I look like my father/mother.

I am the spitting image of my mother. 和某人長(zhǎng)的一模一樣

I take after my mother.

↑ = to have the same personality as your parents

My parents brought me up with good values.

To bring up a child = to educate and raise a child

I don't see a lot of my parents.

To pass away = to die

• WIVES, HUSBANDS AND PARTNERS

It was love at first sight. 一見鐘情

I fell for her instantly.

We just clicked. To click = to get on well

We've grown to love each other over time.

We've grown closer and closer over the years.

Blood is thicker than water. = family is more important than friends. 血濃于水

• Model Answer -- Talk about your Family

I am from a medium-sized family, I was the youngest child of three siblings. I think all three of us are quite different. My brother and sister are quite extravert and I am definitely the most introvert.

We certainly have our ups and downs, and although we do fall out sometimes, we usually make up.

Unfortunately, I don't see a lot of them because I live abroad, but that said, we do stay in touch with Wechat app.

Talking about my parents, I take after my Dad, and actually I am also the spitting image of him. I would say, I have my mother's love of cooking, but unfortunately she passed away many years ago.

Of course, I am married now and I have been married for around 20 years and we have a daughter who is fifteen years old.

To be honest, my wife and I are like chalk and cheese, but I think it's the differences that make our relationship interesting, and certainly keep us on our toes. 保持警惕

Between you and me, my wife likes to be in control, and I think I am mister laid-back. 脾氣好，對(duì)事情不計(jì)較，很少爭(zhēng)吵 (Some would say she is a control freak, but not me.) I am much more relaxed and easy-going, but all in all, we compliment each other.

As for our daughter, well she is a mix of both of us in a way, but I would say undoubtedly, she is much smarter and better looking than the pair of us.

P3 -- JOB

Looking for a job

Job interviews

Responsibilities and skills

Being busy

Changing jobs

• The Job Interview

-- Why do you want this job?

-- I think I am a good fit/match for this job.

This job suits me down to the ground.

I think this job ties in well with my future plans.

-- What can you give to the company?

-- I am excited to showcase my skills.

I am eager to make a contribution.

I am sure I could bring a lot to this job. (skill set, attitude, ability...)

I never shy away from hard work.

• Responsibilities At Work

To land a job = To get a job

I'm responsible for marketing/setting the marketing goals.

I'm in charge of making the marketing strategy.

It's down to me to set the marketing goals.

My forte is making creative graphics.

I excel at teaching English.

• Being Busy

I'm snowed under with work.

I've got a lot on my plate. 我有很多事要做。

I'm up to my neck in deadlines.

To make ends meet = to have enough money to survive

I work overtime to make ends meet.

I work extra shifts to make ends meet.

• Changing Jobs

Job hopping (n.) = move from one job to another

-- Why do you change your job?

• Some reasons that make you feel unhappy.
• I'm stuck in a rut. = I am in a bad situation.
• I'm not realizing my potential. = I don't have the chance to use my talents.
• I've got untapped potential. = I've got skills I am not using yet.
• Some neutral reasons.
• I want to make a career change.
• It's time to move on.
• It's time to move on to a new challenge.

• Job Interview Tips

1. Do your homework
2. Use words the company uses
3. -- "We are an innovative start up looking for creative people who can make an impact on society."
4. -- "I've been looking for a job with an innovative company for a long time. And I feel I'm a very creative person. I just want to make an impact on society."
5. Focus on your ability more than qualification
6. Focus on giving as well as taking
7. Choose as well as be chosen
8. Ask good questions
9. "What will success look like?"
10. "Cracking" = very good

P4 -- CLIMATE CHANGE

• Key Terminology 關(guān)鍵術(shù)語

Climate Change -- Long-term change to the weather and temperature of the planet

CO2 -- Carbon Dioxide (a greenhouse gas)

Carbon Emissions -- How much carbon we put in the atmosphere

When we burn Fossil Fuels, like oil, gas, coal, then what happens is we putting CO2 into the air. This is the damage we do, of course there are also natural carbon emissions, for example from breathing or decomposition as well. decomposition分解

Carbon Footprint -- How much CO2 you put into the atmosphere

Carbon Neutral -- CO2 we put into the environment = CO2 we take out

Net Zero Emissions 凈零排放

Net Zero Commitments

Renewable Energy

Energy from the sun = Solar energy

Energy from water = Hydroelectric energy

Energy from the wind = Wind energy

• Advanced Collocations 高級(jí)搭配

BIG的替換詞：

Climate change is an unsurmountable challenge. 不可逾越

Deforestation has a serious impact.

There's an urgent need for us to reduce our carbon footprint.

We need to make a drastic change.

EASY的替換詞：

There is no straightforward solution.

• Useful Verbs

1. To reach/hit/attain/achieve a target
2. To implement/put into place solutions
3. To become sustainable
4. To reduce/lower/cut back on/offset emissions
5. carbon offset scheme 碳補(bǔ)償計(jì)劃

• Nice Phrasal Verbs

To cut down/back on coal = to reduce

To phase out our use of carbon = to reduce slowly

To give up our way of life = to stop doing/having it

We need to give up our excessive use of coal, water and fossil fuels.

• Idiomatic Expressions 慣用語

To do your bit = to make a contribution

You can do your bit by eating less meat, by driving less frequently, by taking the bicycle instead.

To play your part

You can play your part by turning off the lights when you leave a room.

To kick the can down the road = to delay making a difficult decision

HOW DARE YOU?!

To grapple with an issue/problem/difficulty = to try hard to solve it

Governments are grappling with this issue of climate change.

To face a problem head on = to deal with a problem directly

To put our heads in the sand = ignore

To make a dent in a problem = to make a small impact

We can't even make a dent in this problem.

P5 -- 15 USEFUL PHRASES for PART 1

It's all about First Impressions.

You need to be Calm, In control, Well prepared.

Whatever you learn, do as follows:

#1 Learn Them

#2 Practice them

#3 Use them naturally

• Things You Like

-- Do you like music/art/social media/coffee?

-- Yes, I can't get enough of it.

-- Do you like cakes/books/cars...?(plurals)

-- Yes, I can't get enough of them.

What I like most about it is... + adjective clause + example

-- Do you like science?

-- Yes, what I like most about it is it's so interesting, for example, last week I read an article about solar panels and how we can use them to protect the planet.

I love that it allows me to...

-- Do you like science?

-- Yes, I love that it allows me to understand the world around us.

== Do you like social media?

== Yes, I love that it allows me to connect with family and friends at the press of a button.

++ Do you like coffee?

++ Yes, I love that it allows me to wake up quickly and be on the ball at work.

To be on the ball = to be alert, quick to take action

• Things You Are Good At

Do you cook/swim/play sports?

Are you good at cooking/swimming/playing sports?

-- Yes, I have a knack for it.

To have a knack for... = to be good/talented at

== No, I am hopeless at it.

To be hopeless at ... = to be very bad at...

• How Often You Do Things (Adverbs)

The examiner may ask, Do you play football? Do you sing at all? Do you look at the sky?

Other ways to say "sometimes"

1. Yes, from time to time.
2. Yes, now and again.
3. Yes, every once in a while.

Other ways to say "usually"

-- Yes, I play football on Saturdays, more often than not.

Other ways to say "never"

-- No, I'm not in the least bit interest in that.

• Connectors / Discourse markers / Signpost

Opinion Questions

1. Do you prefer A or B?
2. Do you prefer hot weather or cold weather? Do you prefer TV series or films?
3. What's your favorite ...?
4. What's your favorite kind of weather?

Without a doubt, ...

-- Do you prefer hot weather or cold weather?

-- Without a doubt, I prefer cold weather because in the hot weather, if it's sunny, my skin burns so easily.

In all seriousness, ...

-- Do you prefer hot weather or cold weather?

-- In all seriousness, I prefer cold weather because in the hot weather, if it's sunny, my skin burns so easily.

To be totally upfront, ...

To be upfront = to be honest

• Would You ...?

-- Would you like to be famous?

-- Yes, I wouldn't think twice about it.

-- No, not for the love of money.

Would you give shoes as a present?

"Every day you practice, the door to opportunity opens a little bit more." -- Keith

P6 -- 10 Useful PHRASAL VERBS for Any Topic in IELTS Speaking

I-- Yes,

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