七七 | 閱讀推理題

1??推理or細節(jié)

【2016全國III卷D篇】

"The 'if it bleeds'rule works for mass media," says Jonah Berger, a scholar at theUniversity of Pennsylvania."They want your eyeballs and don't care how you're feeling. But when you share a story with your friends, you care a lot more how they react. You don't want them to think of you as a Debbie Downer”

• 首先是負面

1. What can we infer about people like Debbie Downer?

A. They're socially inactive.

B. They're good at telling stories.

C. They're inconsiderate of others.

D. They're careful with their words.

【2020全國II卷C篇】

Then there's Righteous Fur and its unusual fashion. Morgan says "To give people aguilt-free option that they can wear without someone throwing paint on them一l think that's going to be a massive thing, at least here in New York.” Designer Jennifer Anderson admits it took her a while to come around to the opinion that using nutria furfor her creations is morally acceptable. She trying to come up with a label to attach tonutria fashions to show it is eco-friendly.

• paint：油漆

2. What can we infer about wearing fur in New York according to Morgan?

A. lt's formal.

B. lt's risky.

C. lt's harmful.

D. lt's traditional.

【2016全國Ⅲ卷c篇】

Visiting an apple event is a good chance to see, and often taste, a wide variety ofapples. To people who are used to the limited choice of apples such as Golden Delicious and Royal Gala in supermarkets, it can be quite an eye opener to see the range of classical apples still in existence, such as Decio which was grown by the Romans. Although it doesn't taste of anything special, it's still worth a try, as is the knobbly（疙瘩的）Cat's Head which is more of a curiosity than anything else.

• 劃線句子是it是形式主語，后面to do才是不定式

3. What can we learn about Decio?

A. lt is a new variety.

• Roman：羅馬：classic

B. lt has a strange look.

C. lt is rarely seen now.

D. lt has a special taste.

【2019全國II卷C篇】

Andrew Mazoleny, a local videographer, is finishing his lunch at the bar. He likes thathe can sit and check his phone in peace or chat up the barkeeper."It's a chance forself-reflection（自我反思）. You return to work energetic and with a plan." said he.

4.What do we know about Mazoleny？

A. He makes videos for the bar.

B. He's fond of the food at the bar.

C. He interviews customers at the bar.

D. He's familiar with the barkeeper.

Languages have been coming and going for thousands of years, but in recent timesthere has been less coming and a lot more going. When the population of the world was hunter-gatherers, small, closely connected groups developed their own speech different from each other. Some language experts believe that 10,000 years ago, when the worldhad just five to ten million people, they spoke perhaps 12,000 languages between them.

5. What can we learn about languages in hunter-gatherer times?

A. They were developing very fast.

B. They were similar to each other .

C. They were large in number.

D. They were closely connected.

• 說的是群體緊密相連，而不是語言

2??推斷or主旨？

【2018全國I卷D篇】

We may think we're a culture that gets rid of our worn technology at the first sight of something shiny and new, but a new study shows that we keep using our old devices(裝置) wellafter they go out of style.That's bad news for the environment — and our wallets — as theseoutdated devices consume much more energy than the newer ones that do the same things.

So what's the solution（解決方案）? The team's data only went up to 2007, but the researchers also explored what would happen if consumers replaced old products with new electronics that serve more than one function, such as a tablet for word processing and TVviewing. They found that more on-demand entertainment viewing on tablets instead of TVs and desktop computers could cut energy consumption by 44%.

6. What does the text suggest people do about old electronic devices?

A. Stop using them.

B. Take them apart.?：拆開

C. Upgrade them.

D. Recycle thern.

Wang believes traditions should not be sealed in glass boxes at museums."That is only evidence that traditions once existed, " he said.

• seal：封存

“Many Chinese people have a misunderstanding of traditions. They think tradition means old things from the past. In fact, tradition also refers to the things that have been developing and that are stillbeing created, "he said.

“Today, many Chinese people are learning Western styles and theories rather than focusing onChinese traditions. Many people tend to talk about traditions without knowing what they really are,"said Wang.

The study of traditions should be combined, with practice. Otherwise, the recreation of traditions would be artificial and empty, he said.

7. What should we do about Chinese traditions according to Wang？

A. Spread them to the world

B. Keep them at museums.

C. Teach them in universities

D. Recreate them in practice.

【2017全國I卷C篇】

Some of the world's most famous musicians recently gathered in Paris and New Orleans to celebrate the first annualInternational Jazz Day.UNESCO（United Nations Educational，Scientific and Cultural Organization）recently set April 30as a day to raise awareness of jazz music, its significance, and its potential as a unifying(聯(lián)合) voice across cultures.

Despite the celebrations, though, in the U.S. the jazz audience continues to shrink and grow older, and the musichas failed to connect with younger generations.

lt's Jason Moran's job to help change that. As the Kennedy Center's artistic adviser for jazz, Moran hopes to widenthe audience for jazz, make the music more accessible, and preserve its history and culture.

"Jazz seems like it's not really a part of the American appetite” Moran tells National Public Radio's reporter Neal Conan."What 'm hoping to accomplish is that mu generation and younger start to reconsider and understand that jazz is not black and white anymore. It's actually color, and it's actually digital."

Moran says one of the problems with jazz today is that the entertainment aspect of the music has been lost."The music can't be presented today the way it was in 1908 or 1958. It has to continue to move，because the way the world works is not the same," says Moran.

Last year, Moran worked on a project that arranged Fats Waller's music for a dance party,"lust to kind of put it backin the mind that Waller is dance music as much as it is concert music," says Moran.“For me, it's the recontextualization.

In music, where does the emotion(情感) lie ? Are we, as abstract as a Charlie Parker record gets us into a dialogue aboutour emotions and our thoughts? Sometimes we lose sight that the music has a wider context" says Moran,"So l want to continue those dialogue.Those are the things l want to foster.”

8. What can we infer about Moran's opinion on jazz?

A. lt will disappear gradually.

B. lt remains black and white.

C. lt should keep up with the times .

D. lt changes every 50 years.

When a leafy plant is under attack, it doesn't sit quietly. Back in 1983, two scientists, Jack Schultz and lan Baldwin, reported that young maple trees getting bitten by insects send out a particular smell that neighboring plants can get. These chemicals come from the injured parts of the plant and seem to be an alarm. What the plants pump through the air is a mixture of chemicals known as volatile organic compounds, VOCs for short.

Scientists have found that all kinds of plants give out VOCs when being attacked. It's a plant's way of crying out. But is anyone listening? Apparently. Because we can watch the neighbors react.

Some plants pump out smelly chemicals to keep insects away. But others do double duty. They pump out perfumes designed to attract different insects who are natural enemies to the attackers. Once they arrive, the tables are turned. The attacker who was lunching now becomes lunch.

In study after study, it appears that these chemical conversations help the neighbors. The damage is usually more serious on the first plant, but the neighbors, relatively speaking, stay safer because they heard the alarm and knew what to do.

Does this mean that plants talk to each other? Scientists don't know. Maybe the first plant just made a cry of pain or was sending a message to its own branches, and so, in effect, was talking to itself. Perhaps the neighbors just happened to "overhear”the cry. So information was exchanged, but it wasn't a true, intentional back and forth.

Charles Darwin, over 150 years ago, imagined a world far busier, noisier and more intimate（親密的）than the world we can see and hear. Our senses are weak. There's a whole lot going on.

9. What can we infer from the last paragragh?

A. The world is changing faster than ever.

B. People have stronger senses than before

C. The world is more complex than it seems?

D. People in Darwin's time were more imaginative.

3??你猜我是什么題？

【2021全國l卷C篇】

①You've heard that plastic is polluting the oceans- between 4.8 and 12.7 million tonnes enter ocean ecosystems every year. But does one plastic straw or cup really make a difference? Artist Benjamin Von Wong wants you to know that it does. He builds massive sculptures out of plastic garbage, forcing viewers to re-examine their relationship to single-use plastic products.

②At the beginning of the year, the artist built a piece called“Strawpocalypse," a pair of 10-foot-tall plastic waves, frozen mid-crash. Made of 168,000 plastic straws collected from several volunteer beach clean ups, the sculpture made its first appearance at the Estella Place shopping center in Ho ChiMinh City, Vietnam.

③Just 9% of global plastic waste is recycled. Plastic straws are by no means the biggest source（來源）of plastic pollution, but they've recently come under fire because most people don't need them to drink with and, because of their small size and weight, they cannot be recycled. Every straw that' s part of Von Wong's artwork likely came from a drink that someone used for only a few minutes. Once the drink is gone, the straw will take centuries to disappear.

④In a piece from 2018, Von Wong wanted to illustrate（說明）a specific statistic: Every 60 seconds，a truckload's worth of plastic enters the ocean. For this work, titled "Truckload of Plastic, "Von Wong and a group of volunteers collected more than 10,000 pieces of plastic, which were then tied together to look like they'd been dumped（傾倒）from a truck all at once.

⑤Von Wong hopes that his work will also help pressure big companies to reduce their plastic footprint.

10. What are Von Wong's artworks intended for?

A. Beautifying the city he lives in.?

B. Introducing eco-friendly products.

C. Drawing public attention to plastic waste.?

D. Reducing garbage on the beach.

11. Why does the author discuss plastic straws in paragraph 3?

A. To show the difficulty of their recycling.

B. To explain why they are useful.

C. To voice his views on modern art.

• 方向錯了

D. To find a substitute for them.

12. What effect would "Truckload of Plastic" have on viewers?

A. Calming

B. Disturbing：引起恐慌的

C. Refreshing

D. Challenging

真題研讀核心：反復琢磨考查手法、知己知彼百戰(zhàn)不殆

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