第一版前言

本書主要源自于我在出版邁斯納的 《拉丁語(yǔ)短語(yǔ)書》英譯本后收到的許多信件，這些信件建議說(shuō)應(yīng)為古希臘語(yǔ)散文也編纂一本類似的書籍。這本書與邁斯納那本相似，但不同的是，它沒(méi)有那么詳盡，也不會(huì)自稱無(wú)所不包；它的目的在于激發(fā)學(xué)童自己的能動(dòng)性——本書建議其從自己閱讀的內(nèi)容中添加更多的短語(yǔ)——而正是為了這個(gè)目的，本書才得以織頁(yè)成冊(cè)。學(xué)童們應(yīng)該為了自己朝著學(xué)術(shù)研究的方向做些努力：他們?nèi)缃裣Ｍ腥藶樗麄儼咽虑槿隽恕?/p>

至于本書的可能用途，（一）它可以作為寫作希臘散文時(shí)的參考書——例如，在翻譯描述圍城的段落之前，可以仔細(xì)閱讀關(guān)于圍城的整個(gè)章節(jié)（第十六章第二節(jié)）；（二） 它可以作為一本擴(kuò)充版的詞匯書，而其中有一部分短語(yǔ)被挑選出來(lái)熟記于心；（三）它作為英希詞典的替代品也可以是有用的，這尤其是因?yàn)檫@類用途使得學(xué)童必須自己思考：索引指引其找到出現(xiàn)該詞或類似概念的那一頁(yè)，而學(xué)童此時(shí)必須根據(jù)自己的需要由上下文來(lái)選擇。

Preface to the First Edition

This book owes its origin chiefly to the numerous letters I have received since publishing the English translation of Meissner’s 'Latin Phrase-Book', suggesting the advisability of a similar compilation for Greek prose. It is similar to Meissner, but with the difference that it is not so elaborate and does not profess to contain everything, its object being rather to stimulate a boy’s own activity and suggest that he should add more phrases from his own reading,—it is for this purpose that the book has been interleaved. Boys ought to do something for themselves towards scholarship. They nowadays expect to have everything done for them.

As to possible uses of the book,—it may be used (α) as a reference-book when writing Greek prose—e.g., before translating a description of a siege, the whole section on sieges (pp. 64-68) might be read through carefully. (β) It may be used as an enlarged vocabulary-book, selected phrases being learned by heart. (γ) As a substitute for an English-Greek lexicon it may have its uses, especially as such a use of it necessitates a boy thinking. The index refers him to a page on which the word or similar ideas occur: he must select from the context according to his needs.

Contents. 目錄

PREFACE 前言

I THE WORLD AND NATURE 世界與自然

????THE ELEMENTS—WEATHER 要素——天氣

II SPACE AND TIME 時(shí)間和空間

????TRAVEL—SITUATION 旅行——位置

????TIME—SEASONS—NUMBER 旅行——季節(jié)——計(jì)數(shù)

III THE HUMAN BODY 人體

????PROPERTIES OF THE BODY 身體功能

????HEALTH 健康

????DEATH 死亡

????BIRTH—AGE 出生—?dú)q數(shù)

IV HUMAN LIFE; ITS VARIOUS RELATIONS 人生；它的多樣性敘述

????EFFORT—SUCCESS—ADVANTAGE 努力——成功——優(yōu)勢(shì)

????CRISIS—DELAY 危機(jī)——延遲

????DIGNITY—REPUTATION—STANDARD 尊嚴(yán)——聲譽(yù)——標(biāo)準(zhǔn)

????GOODWILL—FRIENDSHIP—APPROVAL 善意——友誼——認(rèn)可

V MIND 內(nèi)心

????CONCEPTION—INTENTION 概念——意圖

????HOPE—PROMISE—COUNSEL 希望——承諾——建議

VI ARTS AND SCIENCES 藝術(shù)與科學(xué)

????MUSIC—MEDICINE 音樂(lè)——醫(yī)學(xué)

????EDUCATION 教育

VII SPEECH AND WRITING 演講與寫作

????SPEECH IN GENERAL 一般演講

????PUBLIC SPEAKING—DELIVERY 公共演說(shuō)——演講風(fēng)格

????STYLE—READING 寫作風(fēng)格——閱讀

VIII PHILOSOPHY 哲學(xué)

????KINDS OF PHILOSOPHY—METHOD 哲學(xué)的類別——方法

????ARGUMENT—INFERENCE—DEBATE 論證——推論——辯論

????PHILOSOPHICAL TERMS 哲學(xué)術(shù)語(yǔ)

IX EMOTIONS, CHARACTER 情緒，性格特質(zhì)

????DESPAIR—FEAR 絕望——恐懼

????DISPOSITION—TEMPER 性情——脾性

????ABILITY—REFINEMENT 才能——文雅

X VIRTUE AND VICE 美德與惡品

XI RELIGION 總角

XII DOMESTIC LIFE 家庭生活

XIII COMMERCE AND AGRICULTURE 商業(yè)和農(nóng)業(yè)

????FARMS—PRODUCE 農(nóng)場(chǎng)——農(nóng)產(chǎn)品

????BUSINESS—MANUFACTURES 商貿(mào)——制品

????BANKING—EXPORT AND IMPORT 柜坊業(yè)——進(jìn)出口

????CREDIT—RATE OF INTEREST 信貸——利率

XIV THE STATE 邦事

????OFFICE—POLITICS 官職——鄭智

????FINANCE—PUBLIC DUTIES 財(cái)政——公共職責(zé)

????CONSTITUTION—REVOLUTION 憲法——鬲?

????INTRIGUE—LEGISLATION 密謀——立法

XV LAW AND JUSTICE 法律與正義

????CONVICTION—PENALTY 定罪——刑罰

????LEGAL PROCEDURE—EVIDENCE—INFORMATION. 法律程序——證據(jù)——控告

XVI MILITARY MATTERS 軍事

????THE ARMY—ITS DIVISIONS 軍隊(duì)——構(gòu)成劃分

????A SIEGE—FORTIFICATION 圍城——防御工事

????Descriptions of Sieges 圍城的描述

????THE ATTACK CLOSE—QUARTERS 近身戰(zhàn)

????LOSSES—FAILURE—CAPTURE 損失——戰(zhàn)敗——俘虜

????COMMISSARIAT—PLUNDER 補(bǔ)給——劫掠

????TACTICS—MANOEUVRES 戰(zhàn)術(shù)——演習(xí)

????THE FIGHT IN GENERAL 戰(zhàn)斗的一般主題

????REINFORCEMENTS—CAMP 增援——營(yíng)地

????RETREAT—FLIGHT—PURSUIT 撤退——逃跑——追擊

????ALLIANCE—TRUCE 結(jié)盟——和約

????PARTY SPIRIT—FACTION 派性——派系

????Descriptions of Battles, &c. 戰(zhàn)斗的描述等等

XVII NAVAL MATTERS 海軍事務(wù)

????SHIPPING IN GENERAL 一般船務(wù)

????SHIPBUILDING—CREW 造船——船員

????A SEA-FIGHT 海戰(zhàn)

????Descriptions of Sea-fights, &c. 海戰(zhàn)的描述等等

XVIII MISCELLANEOUS 雜類

????Descriptions of Characters, &c. 人物形象的描寫等等

XIX PROVERBS 諺語(yǔ)

INDEX 索引

Index 索引

ability,

above all,

abroad,

absolutely,

absorbed in,

absurd, ,

abuse,

accomplice,

accounts,

accuse,

acknowledgment,

acquaintance,

act, in the,

adjourn,

administrative power,

admiral,

admiralty,

admire,

advance,

advantage, ,

adventurous,

advisable,

advocate,

affect, to,

afternoon,

age,

age, advanced,

age, military,

age, old,

ago,

agree,

agreeable,

agriculture,

aim,

alarm,

alert,

all, in,

alliance,

allure,

almost,

aloud, read,

alternative,

amateur,

ambition,

ambush,

amendment,

amnesty,

anchor cables,

anchor, at,

angle,

angry,

annals,

annex,

annihilate,

annul,

answer the door,

answers,

anticipate,

Antipodes,

antiquity,

appetite,

applaud,

apply oneself,

apprehensive,

approval,

arbitrator,

archives,

argue,

argument,

arithmetic,

armistice,

army,

arrest,

arsenal,

artillery,

arts,

asleep,

aspect, southern,

at home,

Athenian revenue,

attack, the (mil.),

attack (nav.),

attack, pretended,

attend to,

audience, give,

audit,

authority, in,

autonomy,

average,

bad news,

bad taste,

baggage animals,

bail,

banish,

banking,

bankrupt,

barber,

barley,

barren,

barricade,

barrister,

base of operation,

battering-ram,

battle,

battle array,

battles, passages describing,

“be,” substitutes for,

note

bearer,

beggar,

beginning,

behave,

beneficial,

besiege,

bill,

billet,

birth,

birthday feast,

blackmail,

blame,

blind,

blockade,

boatswain,

bond,

borrow,

bottomry,

brass-foundry,

breach,

breakfast,

breastwork,

breed horses,

breeze,

bribery,

bridge,

bronze,

bugle,

bulwark,

burglar,

business,

butter,

buy,

?

calm,

camp,

camp, strike,

camp-followers,

capital,

capital charge,

captain,

capture (mil.),

care for,

careful,

careless of,

cargo-boat,

carry a bill,

case,

castles in the air,

casuist,

caught in the act,

cause,

caustic,

cavalry,

cent, per,

certain,

certainly,

change,

character, passages describing,

charge (mil.),

charge, capital,

charge, to (nav.),

child,

child-bed,

choice,

cipher,

circulate books,

circumspect,

circumstances,

circumvallation,

civil strife,

claim,

claims on,

clearly,

clerk,

close-quarters,

clothing,

clouds,

cockcrow,

coin,

colleague,

collect,

column (mil.),

command, various words for,

commerce,

commissariat,

common-sense,

commonwealth,

communicate,

company (mil.),

compare,

compensate,

compound interest,

conception,

concerned, be,

concise,

conclusion,

condemn,

congratulate,

connections,

conservative,

consider,

considerable,

conspiracy,

constitution, the,

contemporaries,

contented,

continue to,

contract, mercantile,

contribution,

conventional,

converse,

convict, to,

conviction,

cook,

corn,

corrupt,

counsel,

counter-demonstration,

course, of,

court, to,

coward,

cradle,

cream,

creation,

credit,

creditable,

creditor,

crew,

crew, pay of, ?note

criminal justice,

crisis,

criterion,

criticise,

crops,

cups,

current,

cut down,

cut off supplies,

cutpurse,

cutter,

dark,

dawn,

day,

dead in battle,

death,

death, put to,

debate,

debt,

deceive,

December,

deck,

deduction,

deep, three,

defeat at sea,

defendant,

deficiencies,

define,

degree,

delay,

delivery, oratorical,

democracy,

depend,

deploy,

deposit,

depreciate,

desert,

desert, to,

despair,

despatch, a,

despise,

despondency,

destitute,

desultory fire,

detail,

development,

differ,

dignity,

digression,

dinner,

Dionysia,

diplomacy,

disable ships,

disaffection,

disagreeable,

disappointed,

disband,

discipline,

discussion,

disease,

disembark,

disgrace, to,

disheartened,

dismantle,

dispirited,

disposition,

dispute,

dissect,

dissemble,

duty, do,

duty, import,

dwelling-house,

eager,

earnest,

earnest-money,

earshot,

earthquake,

earthworks,

east,

easy, to,

eccentric,

echo,

eclipse,

education,

effort,

elated,

elements,

elucidate,

embark,

embarrassed,

embassy,

embezzle,

emergency,

employ,

encamp,

encore,

enfranchised,

engage (mil.),

engaged,

ensign,

enter (write),

eruption,

estate,

esteem,

estimate,

etiquette,

evening,

every year,

everybody,

everyday life,

evidence,

ex tempore,

exaggerate,

exceedingly,

excellence,

exchange,

exchequer,

excuses,

execute,

executioner,

exile,

expert,

exploit,

export,

exposed to fire,

expressly,

eye,

fact,

faction,

facts,

failure (mil.),

famine,

famous,

farm,

favour of, in,

favour, curry,

fear,

feast, hold a,

fee,

feeling, without,

fever,

fight in general,

file, single,

fill in,

finance,

financial resources,

fine, a,

finish,

finish speech,

fires, between two,

firewood,

first to,

fishmarket,

fixtures,

flank,

flatter,

fleet,

flight,

flippant,

flower of army,

flush of money,

follow,

folly,

footpad,

forage,

forenoon,

forgery,

formerly,

fortification,

founder, to,

fraction,

fracture,

frankly, speak,

freewill, of his own,

freight,

friendship,

front line,

frontier fort,

frost,

fulfil,

funds,

funeral,

furlong,

furniture,

furrow,

generalities,

gentleman,

geography,

geometry,

glad to say,

glory,

God forbid,

gold,

good counsel,

goodwill,

government,

grappling-irons,

grateful,

gravity,

greedy,

guard,

guardship,

guilty,

gymnastics,

hair’s-breadth,

halt,

hand,

hand-to-hand,

happen,

harbour dues,

harbours,

hardly,

harmony,

hawk, to,

headache,

headquarters,

headstrong,

health,

hearing, a,

hearsay,

heart, by,

heaven,

heavy-armed,

heir,

hem in,

hereditary,

hereditary usage,

hesitate,

high ground,

high seas,

hint,

history,

home,

hope,

hoplites,

horseback,

hostile,

human body,

human life,

I.O.U.,

ice,

idea,

ignoramus,

ill-health,

immediately,

imports,

imprison,

improve,

imputation,

inactive,

incapable,

inconsistent,

incur,

independent,

individual,

induce, ,

induction,

inference,

inferior,

influence,

information,

inland,

inn,

innovation,

insinuate,

insolent,

inspector,

instalments,

insult, ,

intemperance,

intend,

intention,

intentionally,

intercourse, social,

interest,

interest, rate of,

interpreter,

interval,

intimate,

intrigue,

inundation,

invade,

investigate,

irrelevant,

issues,

Jacobites,

jar, to,

javelin throwing,

javelin-men,

jest,

journey,

juncture,

June,

justice,

justice to, do,

keen on,

keep doing,

keeper of records,

kindness,

knock,

land, to,

landlord,

language,

last, at,

late,

lately,

laugh at,

leading me,

lecture,

legal procedure,

legislation,

lend money,

lethargy,

levy,

liable,

libation,

life, mode of,

life, philosophical,

life, prime of,

light-armed,

litigious,

live to see,

lodge,

loss,

losses (mil.),

lost at sea,

loud,

luck,

magistrates,

mainland,

make,

“make,” phrases with, note

makeshift,

malice,

mantlet,

manufacturers,

manoeuvres (mil.),

manoeuvres (nav.),

march,

marines,

market,

market-fees,

mean, to,

meantime,

measures,

meddle,

medicine,

medimnus,

meet,

meeting,

melt down,

men and all,

mention,

mercenary,

merchant,

messmates,

method, philosophical,

midday,

midnight,

midsummer,

might and main,

military matters,

militia,

mind,

mine (mil.),

mines,

ministers,

miscellaneous phrases,

mob,

mobilise,

mode of life,

moderation,

modest,

momentary,

momentum,

monarchy,

money,

money-table, ?note

month,

morning,

mortgage,

mould,

much less,

music,

mysteries,

naming-feast,

narrate,

national debt,

natural,

Nature,

naval matters,

nearly,

neighbours,

neuter participles with article, ?note,

note

neutral,

night,

north,

not only,

nothing like, there is,

nurse,

oath,

objection,

objective,

obol,

obscure, to,

occupation, army of,

occupy (mil.),

occurs to me,

offence, without,

offhand,

office,

offing,

old age,

“old,” words for, ?note

oligarchy,

one-sided,

open water,

opinion,

opportunity,

opposite,

oracle,

order, in bad (mil.),

orderly behaviour,

ordinary,

organisation,

ostensibly,

outflank,

outline,

outpost,

outrage,

palisade,

panic,

paradox,

paralysis,

parasan,

pardon,

parliament,

particular,

partly,

party spirit,

party, Philip’s,

pass on,

pastures,

pay,

peace,

penalty,

pennant,

pent-house,

per cent,

perhaps,

persuade,

phalanx,

Philip’s party,

philosophical term,

philosophy,

phrase,

physician,

pile arms,

pitched battle,

planet,

plant,

plantations,

Plato,

play, a,

plead,

plough,

plunder,

poem,

poets,

police,

policy,

politics,

popular,

ports are closed,

pose,

position (mil.),

position of affairs,

postal system,

posts, at their,

power,

power, to the best of one’s,

praise,

prayer,

predicate,

prejudice,

prescribe,

pressure,

prestige,

pretend,

price on a man’s head,

principal,

principle,

print,

prison,

prisoner, take,

private advantage,

procrastinate,

produce,

professor,

profit,

prominent,

promise,

proof,

properties of,

property,

prose,

prosecutor,

prosperous,

proud,

proverbs,

provisions,

public duties,

public speaking,

puffed up,

punish,

pupils,

purchasing power,

pursuer,

pursuit (mil.),

pursuits,

put to death,

quality,

quantity,

quickly,

quite,

quota,

quote,

raids,

rain,

ram, to,

rampart,

random,

range, out of,

rash,

rate of interest,

rational,

ravage,

raze,

reading,

real property,

really,

reap,

rearguard,

reason,

rebuke,

recklessness,

reconnoitre,

records, public,

recover,

recrimination,

reduce (mil.),

refinement,

reflective adjectives,

note

reform the state,

regret,

reinforcements,

relation,

relations,

relatively,

relays, by,

religion,

remedy,

remind,

remove,

render,

rent,

repair,

repeat,

repel,

repetition, ?note

report,

reprisal,

republic,

reputation,

resource,

resources, financial,

responsible,

result,

resume,

retail,

retract,

retreat,

retrograde,

revellers,

revenue,

reverse,

review,

revolt,

revolution,

rights,

risk,

rites,

river,

road,

rout,

row, to,

rudder,

ruin,

run away from,

runner,

sacrifice,

sacrilege,

sail, to,

sailor,

sally,

salt-fish,

sample,

sanguine,

satisfied,

school,

school, philosophical,

sciences,

sea of troubles,

sea-fight,

sea-fight, passages

describing,

sea-power,

sea-room,

sea-shore,

seasons,

seaworthy,

secede,

secondary,

security,

“self,” compounds of, note

self-possession,

selfish,

sell,

semblance,

senate-house,

sense of passage,

sensible,

September,

sequel,

serve,

serve up,

shallows,

shipbuilding,

shipping,

shoot down,

shop,

short, in,

shrewd,

shut the door,

side, with,

siege,

siege train,

sieges, passages

describing,

siesta,

sight,

signal fires,

similar,

since,

single-handed,

sketch,

skiff,

skirmish,

slackness,

slain,

sleep,

slingers,

slope,

smart for, to,

snow,

so forth,

social,

society,

Socrates,

somehow,

soon,

sophists,

sound (adj.),

sound, to (mil.),

south,

sow, to,

space,

speaker, the,

spear range,

specialist,

specious,

speculate,

speech,

speech, various words for,

square (mil.),

staff, general’s,

standard,

star,

start (mil.),

state secrets,

state, the,

state, verbs denoting,

note

statesman,

statue,

stone, to,

storey,

storm,

storm, to,

strain,

straits,

stress of weather,

strike,

stupidity,

style,

subjects,

suburb,

succeed (follow),

success,

successful,

sucklings,

sue,

sufficient,

suicide,

sum up,

summon,

sunrise,

superannuated,

supercargo,

superficial,

supper,

supplies,

surety,

surpass oneself,

surprising,

surrender,

surround,

suspect,

suspense,

syllable,

sympathise,

tactics,

tail between his legs,

take seriously,

take up,

talent (money),

talk of,

tame, to,

targeteers,

tax-farmers,

tears, too deep for,

temper,

tenant,

tend flocks,

tend towards,

terms of peace,

terms, come to,

terms, philosophical,

terrify,

Thales,

thank,

theft,

think over,

think, various words for, note

tillage,

time,

time limit,

tiptoe,

tongue,

torture,

touch at,

tourist,

tow, to,

toys,

transport-ship,

troop-ship,

trophy,

trouble,

trouble about,

troublesome,

truce,

truism,

tutelary,

tutor,

unanimous,

uncertainty,

unconditionally,

unconsciously,

unencumbered,

unfortunate,

universal,

unplundered,

unprejudiced,

unsatisfactory,

unseasonable,

uphill,

useful,

useless labour,

usually,

valetudinarian,

valour,

value,

value of money,

value, to,

vanguard,

variance with, at,

velocity,

venal,

veracity,

versatile,

verse,

vexed,

vice,

victory,

victual,

vie with,

vigorous,

vine-dressing,

virtue,

voice,

volatile,

voluntary contributions,

volunteers,

vote,

voyage,

vulgarity,

walls,

war,

war chant,

warehouse,

watchword,

weather,

welcome,

well up in,

well-disposed,

well-trained,

wheel, to,

wholesale,

why?,

wind,

windows,

wing (mil.),

with,

witness,

witty,

works, military,

world,

world, Greek,

worn out,

worship,

worth, compounds of,

wounded,

writing,

years,

yes,

Yule-tide,