idle閑混-idol

societal growth社會增長

=

=shed light on -account for

emperor -King

defeat=conquer-conquest

commemorate com-

subject國民

crumble-collapse

-seminar

vicinity-where around the corner

people are divided on the issue

crowed=throng 人群

swelled to capacity

commercial interests-（sake）

paradigm范式

midst -course

broadcast廣播

interior內(nèi)部s

-eclipse（；；使暗淡）

mighty god有力的

resounding(有回響的）

adopt the slogan采用口號

-aquare

erect ;enact ( a statute

bore-bear過去式=endure

signature簽名

triviality

pawn棋子

relish-enjoy

autonomy自治；獨立自主

grant to-confer

-fall-fail

inch toward-assess 慢慢；逐步