1.?Please find out more examples that fall into the educational themes we?talked about today.

There were 3 themes we talked about so each theme has an example：

①Ideology and moral education：（121）

我阿麗思不會講什么好話，只有老老實實地說老實話：我反對戰(zhàn)爭，但是我卻贊成反抗！

我喜歡和平，但是恨死那般破壞和平者！所以今日的會議，第一要緊，先把破壞和平的蚱蜢少將立刻執(zhí)行槍斃！

一或者，先押上難民群眾的審判臺去審判，因為他是挑起戰(zhàn)爭的責(zé)任者！

其次，再把鼓動此次戰(zhàn)爭者，附和此次戰(zhàn)爭者，像大蟒皇帝、百足大將、蝗蟲中將等等，一律重重懲辦！肅清世界上搗亂的魔鬼，和平才有保障，否則，我們寧可抗戰(zhàn)到底！

②Literacy and general knowledge education：（15）

螢博士聽到末了，大聲說:“錯了， 你怎么把‘老母親’背作‘老母雞’呢？賠，賠，現(xiàn)在你還有什么話可說？”

“有!”

“有?”

”自然有，”阿麗思說，“我再重背一遍給你聽!”

可是，不爭氣得很，阿麗思仍舊背錯了，把“老母親”背作“老母?！绷?；第三遍把“老母親”背作“老母羊”；第四遍索性把“老母馬”也背出來了。

③Education on behavioral norms：（83）

有一位紡織大娘，本來是個快嘴，此時便耐不住了，站起來說道:“喂， 您，這位貴客，來賓小姐，你是一位女性，怎么好自己稱‘兄弟，兄弟’呢? -唉，世界變了！” 她說完后坐下，搖搖頭，表示嘆息的樣子，又自言自語地說了一句；“生來是個女人，何必偏要裝做男人呢！

2.?Please explain how they are used to extend certain educational values or?norms.

①這個例子借著阿麗思的嘴巴，說出了對待戰(zhàn)爭與和平的態(tài)度，雖然我們喜歡和平，但我們也不是怕事的，教導(dǎo)小朋友要有正確的歷史觀，只有把身居高位，吸人民血的人從臺子上轟下來，我們才能有屬于自己的和平。希望培養(yǎng)青少年血氣方剛的品質(zhì)，希望民族從年青一代開始強硬起來，抗爭到底，為了自己的權(quán)益而努力奮斗。

This example, through Alice's mouth, tells the attitude towards war and peace, although we like peace, we are not afraid of things, teach children to have a correct view of history, only by knocking down people in high positions who suck people's blood from the stage, we can have our own peace. ?The author?hoped?to cultivate the quality of youth vigor and vitality, and he hoped?that the nation would?start from the young generation to fight to the end and strive for their own rights and interests. ?

②這個例子用幽默詼諧的口吻，希望小孩子們能夠正確背誦歌謠，尊重歌曲的規(guī)律，不要鬧出笑話，篡改歌詞，像阿麗思一樣可笑而且不操心。作者同時教會了孩子怎樣正確地背誦歌謠，增加了孩子們的知識。

This example used?a humorous tone, hoping that the children could?recite the ballad correctly, respect the rules of the song, don't make jokes, change the lyrics, be as funny as Alice.??The author also taught?children how to recite songs correctly?and?increase?their knowledge.

③第三個例子教育小孩子們要有正確的性別觀念，是什么人說什么話，是個小女孩的話，就應(yīng)該有正確的稱謂，不要亂變。而且這句話沒有性別歧視的意味，意思是男女平等，既然生來是個女孩子，就應(yīng)當(dāng)有女孩子的樣子。

The third example is to teach children to have a correct gender concept, who is what to say, if it is a little girl, it should have a correct title, do not change. ?And this sentence does not have the meaning of gender discrimination, it means that men and women are equal, since they were born a girl, they should have the appearance of a girl, do not dream to be a boy.

3.?Please explain how these themes are related with the literary tradition or?the social historical background of the time.

①literary tradition：

從文學(xué)史傳統(tǒng)的角度來說，兒童文學(xué)作為文學(xué)的一種，具有教化人心的作用，極富感染力，作者寫作的目的往往希望啟發(fā)民智，教導(dǎo)人們什么該做什么不該做。

積累正確而廣博的知識，具有合乎禮儀的行為舉止，同時內(nèi)心恪守道德規(guī)范，這是由外而內(nèi)，逐層深入的教化過程，這種春風(fēng)化雨的過程也能夠讓小讀者們培養(yǎng)良好的習(xí)慣，這些教育的主題合乎中國儒家的傳統(tǒng)，而儒家傳統(tǒng)也是文學(xué)史傳統(tǒng)的重要影響因素。

From the traditional point of view of the history of literature, children's literature, as a kind of literature, has the effect of enlightening people's heart, which is highly infectious. The author's purpose of writing often hopes to inspire people's wisdom and teach people what to do and what not to do. ?

Correct and wide range of knowledge accumulation, behave with decorum, its ethical inside at the same time, this is from the outside in, step by step a deep enlightenment process, this process is also in the rain can let readers to develop good habits, the education is the theme of the Chinese Confucian tradition, and the Confucian tradition is the key factor on the literature tradition. ?

②social historical background of the time：

從當(dāng)時的社會背景因素來看，阿麗思小姐寫于1933年，彼時的中國內(nèi)憂外患，經(jīng)歷了清王朝的被推翻，然而革命沒有徹底，人民依然生活在水深火熱中，列強還在不斷侵略中國，作者在教化的層面上，希望孩子們學(xué)習(xí)識字、算數(shù)，成為國家的棟梁，與此同時又要樹立愛國意識，拯救國家于危亡之中，這種教化的作用很有當(dāng)時的時代特色。

From the background factors of the society at that time, beautiful lady was written in 1933, when China domestically, has experienced the qing dynasty was overthrown, revolution not completely, however, people still live in hot water, the foreign powers are invaded China, the author on the level of enlightenment, hope that the child learns to read and write and count, become the backbone of the country, ?At the same time, it is necessary to establish patriotic consciousness and save the country in danger, which has the characteristics of The Times. ?

4.Do you find any thing comparable between Miss Alice and Alice's?Adventures?

①從所寫目的對象角度：卡羅爾的《愛麗思奇境漫游記》是為自己好友的女兒創(chuàng)作出來的。陳伯吹本身就是個兒童作家，從作品充滿童趣的兒歌和淺顯易懂的文字，就不難看出這是為孩子而寫的。

From the point of view of the target: Carroll's Alice's Adventures in Wonderland was created for her friend's daughter. ?Chen Bochui is a children's writer, and it is not hard to see that this work is written for children from the children's songs and easy to understand words. ?

②從描繪的形象角度：卡羅爾的作品受到全世界小朋友，乃至成人的喜歡，這就不難看出，他的語言普遍為小孩子接受，至于他所創(chuàng)作的形象：三月兔、柴郡貓、瘋帽商、渡渡鳥、大海龜，還有神氣活現(xiàn)的撲克牌老 K 與紅桃王后等等，鮮明的性格，讓全世界的小朋友津津樂道。陳伯吹的作品描寫語言簡單，兒歌朗朗上口，又不失童趣，里面所創(chuàng)作的形象如袋鼠媽媽、螞蟻、蜜蜂等都是生活中可見的，他們的性格特征也是抓住了動物本身的習(xí)性，讓小孩子更易理解。

From the perspective of the images depicted, Carroll's works are loved by children and even adults all over the world, which shows that his language is generally accepted by children. As for the images created by Carroll: ?The March Hare, the Cheshire Cat, the Mad Hatter, the Dodo, the Sea Turtle, and the swagger of the cards king and the Queen of Hearts, and so on, their distinct personalities, let children around the world with delight. ?

Chen bochui's works have simple descriptive language and catchy nursery rhymes without loss of childlike interest. The images created in them, such as mother kangaroo, ants and bees, are visible in daily life. Their characteristics also capture the habits of animals themselves, making it easier for children to understand. ?

③諷刺的一致性：卡羅爾所創(chuàng)作樹洞里的王國既有對現(xiàn)實的折射，又有孩子式的荒誕。陳伯吹的動物王國無疑也是對現(xiàn)實的折射，所創(chuàng)作的動物形象，無一不影射了社會現(xiàn)實中的人物，通過滑稽、諷刺的描寫，以及主人翁阿麗思的反思，來引起孩子們的思考。

The consistency of irony: the kingdom in the tree hole created by Carroll is both a refraction of reality and a childlike absurdity. Chen Bo-bu's animal kingdom is undoubtedly also a refraction of reality, and the animal figures created, all of which allude to characters in social reality, are depicted through comic and ironic descriptions, as well as the reflections of the main character, Alis, to cause children to think.

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Close reading

說教意味不同——針對社會背景，卡羅爾的創(chuàng)新和陳伯吹的創(chuàng)新（500字的大綱）

中英文學(xué)寫作手法、文學(xué)傳統(tǒng)的不同，針對同樣場景的不同比較。娛樂性和諷刺性，

哲學(xué)性和現(xiàn)實性，教育觀：兒童本位和寓教于樂，兒童詩歌

（新文化運動，天真爛漫＋諷刺，嚴肅文學(xué)和推廣白話文）

愛麗絲對阿麗思的影響

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中國現(xiàn)代作家的童趣缺失

——淺析三篇同名中西童話《愛麗絲漫游記》的差異