上海外國語大學(xué)碩士研究生考試高翻學(xué)院MA翻譯學(xué)初試備考，翻譯實(shí)踐英譯漢舉例練習(xí)+解析

高譯教育專注上外考研輔導(dǎo)，由上外及北外碩博校友創(chuàng)辦。專注上外各個(gè)專業(yè)考研輔導(dǎo)，及上海其他院校外語專業(yè)考研十年。師資來自上外、復(fù)旦、華師大、北外、北語等名校優(yōu)秀碩博校友。

自2013年創(chuàng)辦至今，已輔導(dǎo)包括英、法、德、俄、日、朝、阿、西、漢國教、語言學(xué)、金融、新聞、廣告、傳播、……三十多個(gè)專業(yè)門類近千名學(xué)員成功考取上外、復(fù)旦、對外經(jīng)貿(mào)、華師、同濟(jì)、上師、天師、北外、南大等高校研究生。

經(jīng)驗(yàn)貼二，2023上外考研高翻學(xué)院MA翻譯學(xué)上岸經(jīng)驗(yàn)分享

高譯獨(dú)家，2023年上外高翻學(xué)院MA翻譯學(xué)翻譯綜合真題解析

上外考研，高譯教育初試輔導(dǎo)課程詳情

2024上外考研，高譯暑假強(qiáng)化集訓(xùn)營報(bào)名中（線上授課 7月中旬開營）

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上外考研MA翻譯學(xué)初試科目、題型

一、初試科目：

①101 思想政治理論

②外國語（202 俄語、203 日語、270 法語、271 德語、272 西班牙語、273 阿拉伯語、274 意大利語、275 葡萄牙語、276 朝鮮語）任選一門

③ 641 翻譯實(shí)踐

④ 841 翻譯綜合

注：

初始分算法：政治*120%+外語*20%+專業(yè)課一*120%+專業(yè)課二*120%+政策加分(從21年的開始改為這樣算了。）

政策加分： 當(dāng)過兵的、支過教的、當(dāng)過村官兒的、當(dāng)過農(nóng)村義務(wù)教育特設(shè)崗的、到國外當(dāng)過漢語教師志愿者的，3年內(nèi)參加研究生考試加10分。立過二等功的推薦免試錄取。（具體可參見上外的研究生招生簡章中的詳細(xì)說明。）

二、初試題型：

翻譯綜合：

翻譯綜合一般包含五道大題。

前兩道是名詞概念題，通常出題形式有：翻譯并解釋概念（一般是中文翻譯成英文并用英文解釋，英文譯成中文再用中文解釋），以及概念辨析（即辨析兩個(gè)概念的不同）。內(nèi)容通常包括翻譯理論概念，翻譯研究者人名（他的主要思想、理論成果）。

后面三大題都是論述題，出題會順應(yīng)當(dāng)下翻譯研究的發(fā)展趨勢，考察你對翻譯理論的理解情況，考察你對該學(xué)科領(lǐng)域研究的關(guān)注。很多題目都是非常靈活的，沒有標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案，且知識面覆蓋面較廣，因此平時(shí)要多涉獵。度，以及你的學(xué)術(shù)能力、邏輯思維能力、思辨能力。

翻譯實(shí)踐：

通常是考中英互譯

上外考研高翻MA翻譯學(xué)初試備考

英譯漢練習(xí)+做題解析

一、翻譯思路，需要注意的地方

英譯中的要點(diǎn)是對原文信息的正確理解以及目的語的精準(zhǔn)再表達(dá)。正確理解原文是英譯中的基礎(chǔ)，表達(dá)則是檢驗(yàn)譯文質(zhì)量的直接途徑，因此英譯中（尤其在文學(xué)翻譯中）需要避免過重的翻譯腔，而要避免翻譯腔就需要了解英漢語言表達(dá)與思維方式的差異。我們都知道，英語是一種兼有綜合語和分析語特征的語言，而漢語是典型的分析語；英語是剛性的、形合的、繁復(fù)的、物稱的、被動(dòng)的、靜態(tài)的、抽象的、間接的、替換的，而漢語是柔性的、意合的、簡短的、人稱的、主動(dòng)的、動(dòng)態(tài)的、具體的、直接的、重復(fù)的。

兩相比較，英譯中有以下幾種轉(zhuǎn)換技巧可供參考：

1. 被動(dòng)變主動(dòng)；

2. 長難句拆分為短句；

3. 人稱、冠詞、代詞的處理；

4. 正話反說；

5. 改變詞性。

接下來，筆者擬結(jié)合上述幾種技巧對三處劃線部分的翻譯進(jìn)行分析。這部分文章摘自毛姆《面紗》，整體難度不大，但具足英語行文特點(diǎn)，同學(xué)們可借此打磨自己的譯文，積累更多英譯漢經(jīng)驗(yàn)。

劃線①部分出現(xiàn)了certainly這一插入語，處理時(shí)需注意。中文書面一般不會出現(xiàn)“信息，確實(shí)/誠然/確有其事，信息”這樣的結(jié)構(gòu)，可想辦法將插入語信息整合到聯(lián)系較緊密的語句中，如參考譯文所示，也可以將插入語信息提前，如：“不錯(cuò)，他是個(gè)醫(yī)生……”。接下來的practice一詞，也是結(jié)合語境轉(zhuǎn)換為出診或開業(yè)診療等表述更佳。段末出現(xiàn)了連續(xù)的名詞，翻譯時(shí)應(yīng)注意保持詞性一致，可直譯為各項(xiàng)活動(dòng)，也可處理為進(jìn)行活動(dòng)的場所（酒吧、網(wǎng)球場、賽馬場等）。

劃線②部分同樣需注意動(dòng)詞的靈活處理?！癟he Bar”不可想當(dāng)然譯為酒吧，遇到大寫需謹(jǐn)慎，“the Bar”是律師界的意思，即使不知道確切含義，也可結(jié)合前文首席法官一詞進(jìn)行推斷?！癝he knew that……entertain”一句較為復(fù)雜，可進(jìn)行如下分割：She knew that/ her father was as a rule bored to death/ by the young people/ whom for her sake and now her sister's/ he had been forced for years to entertain. 可以看出后面兩個(gè)分句都是修飾前面年輕人的，理解大意后再進(jìn)行重組整合。接下來大段對話的翻譯要旨就是語言流暢，但注意不要過于口語化，歸根結(jié)底這是一篇文學(xué)性文本。

劃線③部分考察了一定詞匯量。類似“thought it not impossible”一類的雙重否定句可采用正話反說的翻譯技巧。接下來的“engaged all the time to some nurse”容易誤譯，并不是“在護(hù)士們身上花費(fèi)時(shí)間”，而是“與某個(gè)護(hù)士訂婚”。Engage有訂婚之意，同時(shí)此處的nurse是單數(shù)形式，all the time為時(shí)間狀語，表示該訂婚狀態(tài)一直持續(xù)。同學(xué)們在緊張的考試環(huán)節(jié)中尤其要注意大小寫、單復(fù)數(shù)之類的小細(xì)節(jié)。

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二、閱讀以下原文，翻譯劃線部分

原文：

①During the next week she met him at three dances and now, his shyness perhaps wearing off a little, he was somewhat more communicative. He was a doctor, certainly, but he did not practise; he was a bacteriologist (Kitty had only a very vague idea what that meant) and he had a job at Hong Kong. He was going back in the autumn. He talked a good deal about China. She made it a practice to appear interested in whatever people talked to her of, but indeed the life in Hong Kong sounded quite jolly; there were clubs and tennis and racing and polo and golf.

"Do people dance much there?"

"Oh, yes, I think so."

She wondered whether he told her these things with a motive. He seemed to like her society, but never by a pressure of the hand, by a glance or by a word, did he give the smallest indication that he looked upon her as anything but a girl whom you met and danced with. On the following Sunday he came again to their house. Her father happened to come in, it was raining and he had not been able to play golf, and he and Walter Fane had a long chat. She asked her father afterwards what they had talked of.

②"It appears he's stationed at Hong Kong. The Chief Justice is an old friend of mine at the Bar. He seems an unusually intelligent young man."

She knew that her father was as a rule bored to death by the young people whom for her sake and now her sister's he had been forced for years to entertain.

"It's not often you like any of my young men, father,"she said. His kind, tired eyes rested upon her.

"Are you going to marry him by any chance?"

"Certainly not."

"Is he in love with you?"

"He shows no sign of it."

"Do you like him?"

"I don't think I do very much. He irritates me a little."

He was not her type at all. He was short, but not thick-set, slight rather and thin; dark and clean-shaven, with very regular, clean-cut features. His eyes were almost black, but not large, they were not very mobile and they rested on objects with a singular persistence; they were curious, but not very pleasant eyes. With his straight, delicate nose, his fine brow, and well-shaped mouth he ought to have been good-looking. But surprisingly enough he was not. When Kitty began to think of him at all she was surprised that he should have such good features when you took them one by one. His expression was slightly sarcastic and now that Kitty knew him better she realized that she was not quite at ease with him. He had no gaiety.

③By the time the season drew to its end they had seen a good deal of one another, but he had remained as aloof and impenetrable as ever. He was not exactly shy with her, but embarrassed； his conversation remained strangely impersonal. Kitty came to the conclusion that he was not in the least in love with her. He liked her and found her easy to talk to, but when he returned to China in November he would not think of her again. She thought it not impossible that he was engaged all the time to some nurse at a hospital in Hong Kong, the daughter of a clergyman, dull, plain, flat-footed and strenuous; that was the wife that would exactly suit him.

Then came the announcement of Doris's engagement to Geoffrey Dennison. Doris, at eighteen, was making quite a suitable marriage, and she was twenty-five and single. Supposing she did not marry at all? That season the only person who had proposed to her was a boy of twenty who was still at Oxford: she couldn't marry a boy five years younger than herself. She had made a hash of things. Last year she had refused a widowed Knight of the Bath with three children. She almost wished she hadn't. Mother would be horrible now, and Doris, Doris who had always been sacrificed because she, Kitty, was expected to make the brilliant match, would not fail to crow over her. Kitty's heart sank. ?

參考文獻(xiàn)：[1]MAUGHAM W. The Painted Veil[M]. Nanjing：Yilin Press，2020：25-27.

三、參考譯文

①接下來的一周，她又在三場舞會上見到他。他的羞澀似乎消失了些許，變得更健談了點(diǎn)兒。他確實(shí)是個(gè)醫(yī)生，雖然并不出診。他是個(gè)細(xì)菌學(xué)家（凱蒂對這個(gè)詞的意思只有非常模糊的概念），在香港有份工作，今年秋天就要返回香港。他談及許多有關(guān)中國的事情，凱蒂已經(jīng)習(xí)慣了無論別人跟她談什么都作出一副感興趣的樣子，但在香港的生活聽起來的確很有趣，那里有酒吧、有網(wǎng)球、有賽馬、有馬球，還有高爾夫。

②“他好像常駐香港。那兒的首席法官是我在律師界的老朋友。他看上去是個(gè)相當(dāng)聰明的年輕人?！?/p>

她知道父親這些年來被迫招待那些沖她、現(xiàn)在又沖她妹妹來的年輕人，已經(jīng)對此厭煩至極了。

“您很少對追我的人有好感的，父親，”她說。他慈愛又疲憊的眼光落在她身上。

“你有可能會嫁給他嗎？”

“當(dāng)然不會了。”

“他愛上你了嗎？”

“他沒什么表示。”

“你喜歡他嗎？”

“我不太喜歡他。他讓我有點(diǎn)兒不耐煩?！?/p>

③這一季結(jié)束前他們已經(jīng)見過許多次面，但他仍然是那副冷淡莫測的樣子。他與她在一起時(shí)并不害羞，只是局促不安，他說起話來還是怪異地缺乏人情味。凱蒂得出結(jié)論：他一點(diǎn)兒也沒有愛上她的意思。他只是喜歡她、覺得和她聊天很輕松，但等他十一月份一回中國就再也不會想起她。她想著或許他早已跟香港醫(yī)院的某個(gè)護(hù)士訂了婚，可能是牧師的女兒，乏味、平庸、笨拙又精力旺盛，這樣的妻子再適合他不過了。

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考研是一場堅(jiān)持不懈努力的過程，祝愿各位同學(xué)在接下來備考中持之以恒，全力以赴，進(jìn)行針對性的備考，實(shí)現(xiàn)夢想！

2024上外考研| 高譯暑假強(qiáng)化集訓(xùn)營報(bào)名中（線上授課 7月中旬開營）

暑假集訓(xùn)將圍繞上外考研初試涉及的四門科目進(jìn)行為期一個(gè)月左右的強(qiáng)化集訓(xùn)，針對上外各個(gè)題型考點(diǎn)進(jìn)行高強(qiáng)度講練、成績拔高、拓展提升專項(xiàng)知識，剖析考點(diǎn)及評分策略，全面提高上外初試各科應(yīng)試能力。內(nèi)部練習(xí)講練、歷年真題講練各版塊知識、考點(diǎn)、難點(diǎn)講練、答題技巧訓(xùn)練、出題思路、命題趨勢講析。

上外考研，高譯教育暑期強(qiáng)化集訓(xùn)即將拉開帷幕，打牢入圍上外堅(jiān)實(shí)基礎(chǔ)！小伙伴們都準(zhǔn)備好了嗎？

課程7月份開始，8月份介紹。每個(gè)專業(yè)單獨(dú)組班，涉及上外英語、法語、德語、日語、俄語、西班牙語、阿拉伯語、朝鮮語等語種學(xué)碩專碩、漢國教、翻譯學(xué)、金融、新聞、國貿(mào)等近30個(gè)專業(yè)。

上外考研翻譯學(xué)暑期集訓(xùn)課表

2023上外考研高譯部分外語專業(yè)學(xué)員上岸情況

他們在高譯老師專業(yè)的指導(dǎo)下，努力備考拉高分?jǐn)?shù)，成功邁進(jìn)上外研究生大門?。。?/p>

MA翻譯學(xué)，上外全國錄取7人，其中3名是高譯學(xué)員，名列前茅！

日語語言文學(xué)，6位初試學(xué)員，4個(gè)進(jìn)復(fù)試全部上岸（初試技術(shù)分成績都在376以上哦?。?，另有1個(gè)單獨(dú)報(bào)復(fù)試輔導(dǎo)的也成功上岸。

英語語言文學(xué)，8名學(xué)員，6名進(jìn)入復(fù)試并成功錄取！初試成績都在370～390之間。

法語語言文學(xué)，高譯6個(gè)初試學(xué)員，4名進(jìn)入復(fù)試，全部上岸。另有1名單獨(dú)復(fù)試輔導(dǎo)也成功上岸！

德語語言文學(xué)，上外全國5個(gè)進(jìn)復(fù)試，其中有2名是高譯學(xué)員，全部上岸。

日語口譯，上外全國總共4個(gè)進(jìn)復(fù)試，其中1名為高譯學(xué)員。

阿拉伯語口譯，上外全國共錄取5人，其中2名為高譯學(xué)員。

英語口譯，高譯11名學(xué)員，7名進(jìn)入復(fù)試，今年上外整體壓分還是比較重的情況下！上岸6人。

西班牙語口譯，上外全國共有4人進(jìn)入復(fù)試，其中2名為高譯學(xué)員，全部上岸。

朝鮮語口譯，5名初試輔導(dǎo)學(xué)員，3人進(jìn)入復(fù)試，全部上岸；

德語口譯，上外全國4個(gè)進(jìn)復(fù)試其中2名是高譯學(xué)員，全部錄取。

法語口譯，上外全國總共5個(gè)進(jìn)復(fù)試，其中2名是高譯學(xué)員，全部上岸。

漢語國際教育，高譯18名學(xué)員，12人成功上岸：朝鮮語方向2人、日語方向4人、西班牙語方向1人、英語方向5人

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上外考研輔導(dǎo)班高譯教育，專注上外考研輔導(dǎo)

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自2013年創(chuàng)辦至今，輔導(dǎo)范圍涵括英語、法語、德語、俄語、日語、朝鮮語、阿拉伯語、西班牙語、漢語國際教育、語言學(xué)、金融學(xué)、新聞學(xué)、廣告學(xué)、傳播學(xué)等三十多個(gè)專業(yè)門類。近千名學(xué)員通過高譯教育成功考取上外、復(fù)旦、對外經(jīng)貿(mào)、華師、同濟(jì)、上師、天師、北外、南大等高校研究生、博士生。