有些人性格內(nèi)向，而有些人則性格外向。相比之下，開朗大方的人似乎更容易被人接受，又常是社交活動中備受矚目的對象。但外向真的比內(nèi)向好嗎？還是說各有利弊？哪類人更善于傾聽？

詞匯：personality?個性

• From a young age, many of us learn the benefits of being an extrovert – those?gregarious愛交際的，合群的 individuals who always seem to be the?life and soul of the party, often?outspoken?and able to express their opinions easily. However, not all of us are wired 與生俱來 that way – so is being an extrovert really better?

  從很小的時候起，我們中的許多人就知道做一個外向的人的好處，那些喜歡交際的人似乎總是派對的生命和靈魂社交場合的靈魂人物，經(jīng)常直言不諱，能夠輕松地表達自己的觀點。然而，并不是所有人都是這樣的——那么做一個外向的人真的更好嗎？

  ??gregarious [gr??ɡeri?s] 愛交際的; life and soul of the party 社交場合的靈魂人物; outspoken 坦率的，直率的； wire 與生俱來，生來……

• While thinking of extroverts, we imagine a character who is?assertive果斷的,?approachable平易近人的,?cheerful開朗的?and?charming. We are taught to admire these?traits特質(zhì)?early on 在早期. Kids are often?encouraged?to?interact 互動, play and?communicate?with other children. It seems at times as though children are made to embrace 接受 a more?outgoing?lifestyle, with some people becoming pseudo假的-extroverts – introverts who?mimic模仿?extrovert behaviour. While externally外部地 they may seem to enjoy the company of others, or being in the limelight, they can still become?over-extended?in intense嚴肅緊張的 social situations.

  當想到外向者時，我們想象的是一個自信、平易近人、開朗和迷人的角色。我們從小就被教導要欣賞這些特質(zhì)。孩子們經(jīng)常被鼓勵與其他孩子互動、玩耍和交流。有時，似乎孩子們被賦予了一種更外向的生活方式，有些人變成了偽外向的內(nèi)向者，他們模仿外向的行為。雖然從外表上看，他們似乎很享受別人的陪伴，或處于聚光燈下，但在嚴肅緊張的社交場合，他們?nèi)匀粫^度擴張吃不消/壓力過大。

  ??assertive 堅定自信的; approachable 平易近人的; cheerful 樂觀開朗的; charming 迷人的; trait （性格）特點; encourage 鼓勵; interact 互動，相互交流; communicate 溝通; outgoing 開朗外向的; pseudo [?su?d??; ?sju?d??] adj. 假的，偽裝的; mimic [?m?m?k] 模仿; over-extended 吃不消，壓力過大;

• So, while the positive aspects of being an extrovert are plain to see, what are the benefits of introversion? While extroverts thrive on social interaction, introverts are more comfortable with levels of isolation. According to Dr Berit Brogaard, a professor of philosophy, extreme?solitude獨居, such as times like the recent lockdown, does not affect introverts as much as extroverts. Lack of social contact, something extroverts thrive以……為樂 on, can lead to depression, loneliness, and even premature過早的 death.

  所以，雖然外向的積極方面是顯而易見的，但內(nèi)向的好處是什么?外向的人喜歡社交，而內(nèi)向的人更喜歡孤立更能適應不同程度的隔離。哲學教授貝瑞特·布羅加德(Berit Brogaard)博士表示，極端孤獨，比如最近的禁閉，對內(nèi)向者的影響不如外向者大。缺乏社交，而這正是外向的人所擅長的(缺乏外向的人所擅長的社交)，會導致抑郁、孤獨，甚至早逝。

  ? solitude [?s?l?tju?d] 孤獨; thrive on; 擅長 premature [?pri?m??t??r] adj. **過早的，提早的；**早產(chǎn)的；草率的，倉促的

• But it’s not just in an extreme situation that the pros贊成 of being an introvert shine through. These people seem to have more time for?contemplation?and?introspection?and thus can become more balanced. They also tend to be good listeners and think before they speak, meaning they could become great friends. Finally, introverts are often fantastic observers, as sitting out of the focus can give you more time to watch the behaviour of others.

  但并非只有在極端情況下，內(nèi)向的優(yōu)點才會顯露出來。這些人似乎有更多的時間沉思和反省，因此可以變得更平衡。他們也往往是很好的傾聽者，在說話前會思考，這意味著他們可以成為很好的朋友。最后，內(nèi)向的人通常是很棒的觀察者，因為遠離焦點可以讓你有更多的時間觀察別人的行為。

  ??pros [pr??z] 優(yōu)點; shine through 表現(xiàn)出來; contemplation [?kɑ?nt?m?ple??n] 沉思; introspection [??ntr??spek?n] 反思;

• So, whatever your personality, either introvert or extrovert, there are clear advantages to being either, and if you meet an introvert, you might just end up with an amazing friend.

  所以，無論你的性格是內(nèi)向還是外向，兩者都有明顯的優(yōu)勢，如果你遇到一個內(nèi)向的人，你可能會遇到一個很棒的朋友。

  ??end up with 結(jié)束；以……而結(jié)束；以……告終

詞匯表

gregarious [gr??ɡeri?s] 愛交際的

life and soul of the party 社交場合的靈魂人物

outspoken 坦率的，直率的

assertive 堅定自信的

approachable 平易近人的

cheerful 樂觀開朗的

charming 迷人的

trait （性格）特點

encourage 鼓勵

interact 互動，相互交流

communicate 溝通

outgoing 開朗外向的

mimic [?m?m?k] 模仿

over-extended 吃不消，壓力過大

solitude [?sɑ?l?tu?d] 孤獨

premature [?pri?m??t??r] adj. 過早的，提早的；早產(chǎn)的；草率的，倉促的

contemplation [?kɑ?nt?m?ple??n] 沉思

introspection [??ntr??spek?n] 反思

測驗與練習

1.??閱讀課文并回答問題。

1. In what ways are children encouraged to be more extroverted?

2. What are pseudo-extroverts?

3. What are the potential risks of being alone for an extrovert?

4. Why can introverts become more balanced?

5. Why can introverts be good friends?

2. 選擇意思恰當?shù)膯卧~或詞組來完成下列句子。

1. He’s so warm and friendly – and he’s _______ all the time.

A. cheerful????B. introspection????C. solitude????D.?mimic

1. Sharon’s so easy to talk with – she’s really _______.

A. contemplation????B.?approachable????C.?life and soul????D.encourage

1. Our boss always _______ us to take a holiday when we need one.

A. outgoing????B.?introspection????C.?encourages????D.?mimic

1. The child is _______ his father’s speech patterns.

A. interact????B.?cheerful????C.?approachable????D. mimicking

1. I learnt Spanish so I could _______ better with my husband’s family.

A. mimic????B.?over-extend????C.?communicate????D.?cheerful

答案

1.??閱讀課文并回答問題。?*

1. In what ways are children encouraged to be more extroverted? A:?Kids are often encouraged to interact, play and communicate with other children.

2. What are pseudo-extroverts? A:?Pseudo-extroverts are introverts who mimic extroverts’ behaviour.

3. What are the potential risks of being alone for an extrovert? A:?Lack of social contact, something extroverts thrive on, can lead to depression, loneliness, and even premature death.

4. Why can introverts become more balanced? A:?Introverts?seem to have more time for contemplation and introspection and thus can become more balanced.

5. Why can introverts be good friends? A:?Introverts tend to be good listeners and think before they speak, meaning?they could become great friends.

2. 選擇意思恰當?shù)膯卧~或詞組來完成下列句子。

1. He’s so warm and friendly – and he’s?cheerful?all the time.

2. Sharon’s so easy to talk with – she’s really?approachable.

3. Our boss always?encourages?us to take a holiday when we need one.

4. The child is?mimicking?his father’s speech patterns.

5. I learnt Spanish so I could?communicate?better with my husband’s family.