一、單詞

pigeon /?p?d??n/ n. 鴿子；

① I have just received a pigeon from my brother

② On the last day, I made a decision and sent the pigeon to my friend, Leo.

③ It’s not my pigeon = None of my business. 不關(guān)我的事

message /?mes?d?/ n. 口信，消息； cn.

information un.

a piece of information.

①leave sb a message 留下一條信息

I left him a message.

I left him a piece of information.

② receive(get) a message /?send a message

③ SMS= short message service

④ take a message for sb 替某人捎口信

take a message to sb 給某人口信

cover /?k?v?(r)/ v.行走（一段路程）；越過(guò)

①vt. 行過(guò)（一段距離），走過(guò)（通常不用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)）

cover + 距離

The bird covered the distance in three minutes.

四句型轉(zhuǎn)換，對(duì)主語(yǔ)提問(wèn)時(shí)不用變一般疑問(wèn)句形式

Who covered the distance in three minutes?

②vt. 蓋，覆蓋

Snow covered the whole village.

③n. 覆蓋物，蓋子，罩子，套子

Put a cover on the box!

distance /?d?st?ns/ n.距離

一般以ce 結(jié)尾的 通常是名詞，ce變?yōu)閠，整個(gè)單詞就變成了形容詞, 例如

distance - distant

difference - different

importance - important

request /r??kwest/ n. 要求，請(qǐng)求

①send a request for …?請(qǐng)求要…

I have just sent a request for a new computer.

② refuse the request 拒絕請(qǐng)求

③ request sb to do sth = ask sb to do sth 要求某人做某事

spare part /?spe? ?pɑ?t/ 備件

spare time 空余時(shí)間

① I need to buy some spare parts for my car.

② What do you need to buy for your car?

service /?s??v?s/ n. 業(yè)務(wù)，服務(wù)；

serve?vt. 服務(wù)

① He has begun his own private “telephone” service.

② customer service 客服

二、原文

Mr.James Scott has a garage in Silbury and now he has just bought another garage in Pinhurst. Pinhurst is only five miles from Silbury, but Mr. Scott cannot get a telephone for his new garage, so he has just bought twelve pigeons. Yesterday, a pigeon carried the first message from Pinhurst to Silbury. The bird covered the distance in three minutes. Up to now, Mr.Scott has sent a great many requests for spare parts and other urgent messages from one garage to the other. In this way, he has begun his own private 'telephone' service.

三、課文和語(yǔ)法

1. 現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)

1） 形式： has/have + done(動(dòng)詞的現(xiàn)在分詞)

第三人稱單數(shù): he, it, she, 可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)，不可數(shù)名詞后面用has

2)用法：

①現(xiàn)在全部完成

②現(xiàn)在部分完成

現(xiàn)在的之前（立足現(xiàn)在）往之前看，不管有沒(méi)有完成，都可以用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)，匯報(bào)完成的狀態(tài)。

He has left/gone.

3) 變否定 has/have+ not

He hasn’t left.

4) 變一般疑問(wèn)句：has/have 提到句首

Has he left?

5)現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)和一般過(guò)去時(shí)的區(qū)別

①現(xiàn)在全部完成，可以換成一般過(guò)去時(shí)

He has left -> He left.

區(qū)別在于看待事物的角度，

現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)-立足現(xiàn)在

一般過(guò)去- 立足過(guò)去（現(xiàn)在不這樣了），明確有發(fā)生在過(guò)去的時(shí)間。

②部分完成，不能換成一般過(guò)去時(shí)

6) 特殊句型

① This/It is the first time + 句子后面只能用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)

This is the first time I have traveled by air.

②It is/has been a long time since+句子用一般過(guò)去時(shí)

It has been a long time since we parted.

③ It/This is + 最高級(jí)形容詞+名詞+從句，從句用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)

He is the most interesting person I’ve ever seen.

2. He has just bought another garage.

has just bought 現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)

has/have just done 現(xiàn)在的之前，間隔的時(shí)間不長(zhǎng)

has/have +already/ever/never + done

3. Pinhurst is only five miles from Silbury, … ?so he has just bought twelve pigeons

現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)

介詞from在這里表示距離相隔，作“距……”、“離……”講，常與away連用

It is far (away) from here.

How far (away) … ？ 對(duì)距離提問(wèn)

How far(away) is the bus stop?

4. Yesterday, a pigeon carried the first message from Pinhurst to Silbury

from … to … 可接地點(diǎn)和時(shí)間

Yesterday, 表明立足的角度是過(guò)去，用一般過(guò)去時(shí)

carry???v. 帶著, 攜帶（其強(qiáng)調(diào)所攜帶的東西不會(huì)著地）

I carried my son. （背或抱著）

I carry the bag.

take???v. 帶著

I take my sister to the cinema.

5. Up to now, Mr. Scott has sent a great many requests for spare parts and other urgent messages from one garage to the other.

up to now = up till now =so far

one… the other?一個(gè)… 另一個(gè) ?后接單數(shù)

some … others … 一些… 另一些… 后接復(fù)數(shù)

a great many + 名詞復(fù)數(shù) 這里是做形容詞，它也可做代詞短語(yǔ)

?He has read a great many of the books in this room.

① request, require, acquire, inquire, plea, appeal

1) request: 指有禮貌或客氣地要求、請(qǐng)求。常與for 來(lái)補(bǔ)充說(shuō)明。正式用語(yǔ)，不用于親人之前

2）require 指權(quán)利、義務(wù)或已規(guī)定的條款提出需達(dá)到的要求，但語(yǔ)氣較緩和

require sb to do sth

require sth for sb

I’m willing to do whatever my country requires of me.

The border police required the traveler to unlock his luggage.

3）inquire: 指深入打聽(tīng)某事，詢問(wèn)某事的確切消息或情況。正式用語(yǔ)

Did you inquire about the trains to London?

I inquired of him what he wanted.

4) acquire: 通過(guò)自己的努力逐漸獲得智力、才能

They have acquired many skills in these few years.

5) plea: 多指急切或莊重的懇求或呼吁，與介詞for連用。正式用語(yǔ)

Their plea for aid went unanswered.

6) appeal 指情感強(qiáng)烈的呼吁，以獲取幫助、支持或憐憫

The judge rejected the prisoner’s appeal for a new trial.

② another?VS other

1)another

A. 常用于可數(shù)名詞，指“再一，另一”

Tony wants another apple.

B. 可用于數(shù)量詞修飾的復(fù)數(shù)名詞前

I need another five dollars.

C. 常與another搭配的短語(yǔ)有

one after another 相繼的

one another 相互

2) other

A.既可用于修飾可數(shù)名詞，也可用于修飾不可數(shù)名詞，表示其余的，其他的。

I prefer coffee to other drinks.

B. 與數(shù)詞連用時(shí)的語(yǔ)序

Give me two other(不能說(shuō)other two books) books?給我兩本別的書(shū)

Give me the two other（=the other two books） books?給我其他兩本書(shū)

C. some, any, no, every 與other連用時(shí)，若是接可數(shù)名詞，則一般用單數(shù)。

He told me to come some other time.

No other book has had a greater influence on my life.

D. 常與other搭配的短語(yǔ)有

one … the other …. (兩個(gè)中) 一個(gè)… 另一個(gè)

the others= the other + 名詞復(fù)數(shù) ?指已經(jīng)提到過(guò)的其余部分

other than 除…以外

none other than?不是別人， 正是

each other 相互，有時(shí)可與one another 替換

There was nothing you could do other than wait.

The man was none other than our general manager.

6. In this way, he has begun his own private “telephone” service.

“telephone” service 所謂的電話服務(wù)

in this way 用這種方式

begin-began-begun

one’s own +n.

my own room?我自己的房間（個(gè)人獨(dú)有）

my room 我的房間

1） in this way： 用這種方法（前面提到的事）

2)in the way: 擋路；后接定語(yǔ)從句，表示用…的方法

Please move the chair, It is in the way.

Cook this in the way I have shown you.

3) in a way: 在某種意義上

In a way, he is very successful.

4) on the way?在去…路上

I met an old friend on the way to school.

5) by the way 順便說(shuō)一聲

By the way, my wife wants to know if Mary needs any help.

四、習(xí)慣用法

leave sb. a message

customer service

A is 5 miles from B

get sth. for sb.

cover the distance in st.

a great many

send a request for sth.

up to now

in this way