passage2

注解：標題為紅色，翻譯為藍色，分析為綠色。

????Do you remember all those years when scientists argued that smoking would kill us but the doubters insisted that we didn’t know for sure? That the evidence was inconclusive, the science uncertain? That the antismoking lobby was out to destroy our way of life and the government should stay out of the way? Lots of Americans bought that nonsense, and over three decades, some 10 million smokers went to early graves.

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1.be?out to是為了做xxx

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????There are upsetting parallels平行線(這里指代類似現(xiàn)象) today, as scientists in one wave after another try to awaken us to the growing threat of global warming. The latest was a panel from the National Academy of Sciences, enlisted by the White House, to tell us that the Earth’s atmosphere is definitely warming and that the problem is largely man-made. The clear message is that we should get moving to protect ourselves. The president of the National Academy, Bruce Alberts, added this key point in the preface to the panel’s report: “Science never has all the answers. But science does provide us with the best available guide to the future, and it is critical that our nation and the world base important policies on the best judgments that science can provide concerning the future consequences of present actions.”

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1.one wave after another一波接一波

2.list列表，enlist召集 內(nèi)聯(lián)記憶：en使+list列表，隊列=使人成為隊列的人的一部分，就是召集。

3.區(qū)別記憶：sequence順序，consequence結果，考研中更多翻譯成“后果，影響”，內(nèi)聯(lián)記憶：con一起+sequence順序=一起隨波逐流=最終會一定導致結果的產(chǎn)生，結果會帶來影響和后果。

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????Just as on smoking, voices now come from many quarters insisting that the science about global warming is incomplete, that it’s OK to keep pouring排放 fumes煙氣 into the air until we know for sure. This is a dangerous game: by the time 100 percent of the evidence is in, it may be too late. With the risks obvious and growing, a prudent people would take out an insurance policy now.

????Fortunately, the White House is starting to pay attention. But it’s obvious that a majority of the president’s advisers still don’t take global warming seriously. Instead of a plan of action, they continue to press for more research—a classic case of “paralysis by analysis”.

????To serve as responsible stewards of the planet, we must press forward on deeper atmospheric and oceanic research. But research alone is inadequate. If the Administration won’t take the legislative initiative, Congress should help to begin fashioning conservation measures. A bill by Democratic Senator Robert Byrd of West Virginia, which would offer financial incentives for private industry, is a promising start. Many see that the country is getting ready to build lots of new power plants to meet our energy needs. If we are ever going to protect the atmosphere, it is crucial that those new plants be environmentally sound.

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1.award獎，獎品 steward管理員，服務員，負責人【諧音記憶法：“是求我的“，是求我的人來了，因為我是這個項目的管理員，他想做這個項目有關的活動，必須要有求于項目負責人。

2.sound. 作名詞和動詞分別為”聲音”和“聽起來，使發(fā)聲”。但作形容詞的時候表示”無損傷的，健康的“。

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一、文章結構分析

這是一篇環(huán)保題材的議論文。

文章第一段先談到一個與主題相類似的教訓——對吸煙有害健康的爭論導致了上千萬人過早的進入了墳墓。

第二、三段把全球變暖問題和吸煙進行類比，說明現(xiàn)在環(huán)境問題面臨著當初和吸煙同樣的情況并呼吁人類采取措施。

最后兩段談到對這一問題的最新進展，白宮開始關注這個問題。

26. An argument made by supporters of smoking was that ________.

[A] there was no scientific evidence of the correlation between smoking and death

[B] the number of early deaths of smokers in the past decades was insignificant

[C] people had the freedom to choose their own way of life

[D] antismoking people were usually talking nonsense

26．支持吸煙的人提出的一個論點是 。

[A] 沒有科學證據(jù)證明吸煙和死亡間的關系

[B] 過去幾十年里因吸煙過早死亡的人數(shù)屈指可數(shù)

[C] 人們有選擇自己的生活方式的自由

[D] 反對吸煙的人常常在胡說八道

27. According to Bruce Alberts, science can serve as ________.

[A] a protector

[B] a judge

[C] a critic

[D] a guide

27．根據(jù)布魯斯·艾伯特的觀點，科學可以充當 。

[A] 保護者

[B] 裁決者

[C] 評論者

[D] 指導者

28. What does the author mean by “paralysis by analysis” (Last line, Paragraph 4)?

[A] Endless studies kill action.

[B] Careful investigation reveals truth.

[C] Prudent planning hinders progress.

[D] Extensive research helps decision-making.

28．作者通過“paralysis by analysis”表達的含義是什么？

[A] 無止境的研究扼殺了行動。

[B] 仔細的調(diào)查揭示真相。

[C] 謹慎的計劃阻礙發(fā)展。

[D] 廣泛的研究有益于做出決定。

29. According to the author, what should the Administration do about global warming?

[A] Offer aid to build cleaner power plants.

[B] Raise public awareness of conservation.

[C] Press for further scientific research.

[D] Take some legislative measures.

29．作者認為政府對全球變暖的問題應做些什么？

[A] 為修建更清潔的發(fā)電廠提供幫助。

[B] 提高公眾的保護意識。

[C] 迫切要求進一步的科學研究。

[D] 采取一些立法措施。

30. The author associates the issue of global warming with that of smoking because ______.

[A] they both suffered from the government’s negligence

[B] a lesson from the latter is applicable to the former5

[C] the outcome of the latter aggravates the former

[D] both of them have turned from bad to worse

30．作者把全球變暖問題與吸煙問題聯(lián)系起來是因為 。

[A] 兩個問題都被政府忽視

[B] 從吸煙問題中吸取的教訓也適用于全球變暖問題

[C] 吸煙問題產(chǎn)生的后果加劇了全球變暖

[D] 兩個問題都變得越來越嚴重

二、核心詞匯與超綱詞匯

1.inconclusive adj.不確定的，無結果的

2.lobby n.接待室；（立法者或其他官員的）游說人

3.grave n.墓穴，墳墓adj.嚴重的

4.panel n.面板，專門小組

5.definitely adv.明確地，干脆地

6.parallel.n.類似的事物，平行線

7.pour.v.傾瀉，涌出；倒

8.prudent adj.審慎的，謹慎的

9.paralysis n.癱瘓

三、閱讀答案：C D A D B

四、全文翻譯：

????????還記得科學家們認為吸煙會使我們喪命，而那些懷疑者們卻堅持認為我們無法對此得出定論的時候嗎？還記得懷疑者們堅持認為證據(jù)不確鑿，科學也不確定的時候嗎？還記得懷疑者們堅持認為反對吸煙的游說是為了破壞我們的生活方式，而政府應該置身事外的時候嗎？許多美國人相信了這些胡言亂語，在過去三十多年中，差不多有一千萬煙民早早地進了墳墓。

????????現(xiàn)在出現(xiàn)了令人憂慮的類似現(xiàn)象?？茖W家們前仆后繼，試圖使我們意識到全球變暖所帶來的日益嚴重的威脅。最近白宮召集了來自國家科學院的專家團，他們告訴我們，地球毫無疑問正在變暖，而且這個問題主要是人為造成的。他們明確地告訴我們應該立刻著手保護自己。國家科學院院長魯斯·艾伯25特在專家團報告的前言中加上了這一重要的觀點：“科學也無法解答所有的問題。但科學確實為我們的未來提供了最好的指導，我們的國家和整個世界在做重要決策時，應該以科學能夠提供的關于人類現(xiàn)在的行為對未來影響的最佳判斷作為依據(jù)，這十分關鍵?！?/span>

????????就像吸煙問題一樣，來自不同方面人士的觀點堅持認為有關全球氣候變暖的科學還不完善，在我們證實這件事之前可以繼續(xù)向大氣中排放氣體。這是一個危險的游戲：到了有百分之百證據(jù)的時候，可能就太晚了。隨著風險越來越明顯，并且不斷增加，一個謹慎的民族現(xiàn)在應該準備一份保單了。

????????幸運的是，白宮開始關注這件事了。但是顯然大多數(shù)總統(tǒng)顧問并沒有認真看待全球氣候變暖這個問題。他們沒有出臺行動計劃，相反只是繼續(xù)迫切要求進行更多的研究——這是一個經(jīng)典的“分析導致麻痹”的案例。

????????為了成為地球上有責任心的管理員，我們必須推進對于大氣和海洋的深入研究。但只有研究是不夠的。如果政府沒有先行立法限制此事，國會就應當開始幫助制定保護措施。西弗吉尼亞的民主黨議員羅伯特·伯德提出一項議案，為私企提供財政獎勵，就是一個良好的開端。許多人看到我們國家正準備修建許多新的發(fā)電廠，以滿足我們的能源需求。如果我們要保護大氣，那么關鍵是要讓這些新發(fā)電廠對環(huán)境無害。