專(zhuān)升本英語(yǔ)|| 意思相近用法卻不同的近義詞匯總
NO.1? ? ??happen/take place二者都有“發(fā)生”的意思
(1)happen指事情的發(fā)生,往往帶有"偶然"的意思。
●It happens that I am free today.
●恰好今天我沒(méi)有事。
(2)take place 指事先安排或策劃好而后發(fā)生,沒(méi)有"偶然"的意思。
NO.2? ? ??must/have to
(1)must表示說(shuō)話(huà)人的主觀(guān)看法;而have to則表示客觀(guān)需要。
(2)mustn't意為“不可以;不允許”;don't have to意為“不必”。如:
●My father had to work when he was ten years old。
●The play is not interesting,I really must go now。
NO.3? ??arrive/reach/get to 三者都有“到達(dá)”之意
(1)reach為及物動(dòng)詞。
●They reached Tianjin yesterday.
昨天他們到達(dá)天津。
(2)arrive為不及物動(dòng)詞,后面接介詞 in 或 at
(3)get to常用于口語(yǔ),可代替前二者。
NO.4? ??because/because of 二者均表示“因?yàn)椤?/span>
(1)because是連詞,引導(dǎo)狀語(yǔ)從句。
●We stayed at home because it rained.
因?yàn)橄掠?,我們呆在家?/p>
(2)because of是短語(yǔ)介詞,后面接名詞性詞語(yǔ)。
●We stayed at home because of the rain .
因?yàn)橄掠?,我們呆在家?/p>
NO.5? ??in front of/in the front of
(1)in front of 意思是"在……前面",指甲物在乙物之前,兩者互不包括;其反義詞是behind (在……的后面)。
●He walked in fount of me。
他走在我的前面。
●There are some flowers in fount of the house。
房子前面有些花卉。
(2)in the front of 意思是"在某一空間內(nèi)的前部",即甲物在乙物的范圍之內(nèi);其反義詞是at the back of…(在……范圍內(nèi)的后部)。
●There is a big desk and a blackboard in the fount of our classroom。
我們的教室前邊有一張大桌子和一塊黑板。
●Our teacher stands in the fount of the classroom。
我們的老師站在教室前。
NO.6? ? ?sometime/sometimes/sometime/some times
(1)sometime是副詞,可與過(guò)去時(shí)或?qū)?lái)時(shí)連用,表示"(在過(guò)去)某個(gè)時(shí)候"或"(在將來(lái))某個(gè)時(shí)候"。
●I saw him sometime in May。
(2)some time多數(shù)情況下作名詞短語(yǔ),意為"一些時(shí)間;一些時(shí)候";它還可以作副詞詞組,用來(lái)表示一個(gè)未肯定的時(shí)刻,此時(shí)它可與sometime互換。
●I'll be away for some time。
(3)sometimes是一個(gè)表示時(shí)間頻率的副詞,意為"有時(shí)候"。
●Sometimes I help my mother with the housework。
some times是"幾次、幾倍"之意。
●They have been there several times。
NO.7? ? ?how long/how often/how far/how soon
(1)how long意為"多久、多長(zhǎng)時(shí)間",主要是對(duì)一段時(shí)間進(jìn)行提問(wèn),答語(yǔ)通常是(for)three days/weeks/months等時(shí)間段,它可用于各種時(shí)態(tài)。
●How long do you stay in Beijing every year?
每年你在北京住多久?
(2)how often意為"多久……次、是否經(jīng)常",用來(lái)提問(wèn)在某一特定的時(shí)間進(jìn)行某個(gè)動(dòng)作的次數(shù),答語(yǔ)通常是always,usually,often,sometimes,once/twice a day/month等。
●How often do you get to school very early?
你多久早到校一次?
(3)how far意為"多遠(yuǎn)",對(duì)距離提問(wèn)時(shí)用。
●How far is that? 那有多遠(yuǎn)?
(4)how soon意為"還要多久",是對(duì)從某個(gè)基本時(shí)間到將來(lái)某動(dòng)作結(jié)束或某動(dòng)作發(fā)生這段時(shí)間提問(wèn),常用在一般將來(lái)時(shí)態(tài)的句子中,其答語(yǔ)通常是"in + 一段時(shí)間"。
●How soon can you finish the work?
還要多久你能完成這項(xiàng)工作?
●In half an hour.
半小時(shí)后。
NO.8? ? ?agree with/agree to/agree on
兩者都有“同意“、”贊成”的意思
(1)agree with 后面常接表示人或意見(jiàn)(看法)的名詞作賓語(yǔ);還有“適合”、“符合”的含義。
●The climate here doesn't agree with him。
他不適合這里的氣候。
(2)agree to 后面一般接表示提議、辦法、計(jì)劃之類(lèi)的名詞作賓語(yǔ)。
(3)agree on 就…達(dá)成一致的意見(jiàn)。
NO.9? ? ?across/cross/crossing/through/past
(1)cross 意為“橫過(guò), 穿過(guò)”為動(dòng)詞,相當(dāng)于walk(go,run)across
●Look both ways before you cross the road。
(2)across意為“橫過(guò),穿過(guò)”為介詞,不作動(dòng)詞,不能作謂語(yǔ),常放在動(dòng)詞之后,如:go across
●He walked across the field。
(3)through 是介詞,含有“從…中間穿越”之意,表示四周含有物體的穿越。
●The ball went through the window。
(4)past既可作形容詞也可作副詞,做副詞時(shí)有:“穿過(guò),越過(guò)”之意。
●Will you be going past my house on your way home?
(5)crossing意為“渡口,人行橫道,(鐵路與公路的)交叉點(diǎn)。
●All the cars should stop before the zebra crossing。
NO.10? ? ?few/a few/little/a little
雖然都表示“少”,但 :
(1) few,a few是可數(shù)的;
(2) little,a little是不可數(shù)的。
(3) a few,a little含肯定意味;
(4) few,little含否定意味。
●They have a little ink,don't they?
他們有一點(diǎn)墨水,是嗎?
●They have little ink,do they?
他們幾乎沒(méi)有墨水,是嗎?
●She has a few Chinese friends,doesn't she?
他有幾位中國(guó)朋友,是嗎?
●She has few Chinese friends,does she?
他幾乎沒(méi)有幾位中國(guó)朋友,是嗎?
●She has a little dog 她有一只小狗。
NO.11? ? ??not…until, until
(1)not…until 直到…才… (主句動(dòng)詞是短暫性動(dòng)詞)
●He didn't go to bed until his mother came back...
(2)until 一直到… (主句中使用延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞)
●I study hard until it is midnight every day.
NO.12? ? ?spend/pay/cost/take
(1)Sb. Spend…on sth. 某人花了…(時(shí)間、金錢(qián))在某事上。
●I spend ten yuan on the book.
(2)spend (in) doing sth. 某人花了…(時(shí)間、金錢(qián))做某事。
●She spent two hours in drawing the house.
(3)Sb. pay…for…sth. 某人為某物花了…錢(qián)。
●I paid 50 yuan for the clothes.
(4)Sth. cost sb. …某物花了某人…錢(qián)。
●It cost us five dollars.
(5)It takes/took sb. … to do sth. 花了某人…(時(shí)間、金錢(qián))做某事。
●It takes us ten minutes to brush my teeth every day.
NO.13? ? ?also/either/too/as well
(1)also用于肯定句。
●You study English and I also study it.
你學(xué)英語(yǔ),我也學(xué)。
(2)either用于否定句,并放在句尾。
●You don't study English and I don't study it either.
你不學(xué)英語(yǔ),我也不學(xué)。
(3)too和as well 用于肯定句,放在句尾,多用于口語(yǔ)。
●You are a student and I am a student,too.
你是學(xué)生,我也是。
●You know the way and I know it as well.
你知道路,我也知道。
NO.14? ? ??besides/except/except for/but“除……之外”
(1)besides的意思是"除…之外,還有…"是肯定的;
(2)besides后面的賓語(yǔ)在內(nèi),含有"加上"的意思。
●I have three other pens besides this.
除了這支筆外,我還有另外三支筆。