上外考研備考，英語MTI英語翻譯基礎(chǔ)外刊選材練習(xí)積累七

高譯教育專注上外考研輔導(dǎo)，由上外及北外碩博校友創(chuàng)辦。專注上外各個專業(yè)考研輔導(dǎo)，及上海其他院校外語專業(yè)考研。師資來自上外、復(fù)旦、華師大、北外、北語等名校優(yōu)秀碩博校友。

自2013年至今，已輔導(dǎo)包括英、法、德、俄、日、朝、阿、西、漢國教、語言學(xué)、金融、新聞、廣告、傳播、……三十多個專業(yè)門類近千名學(xué)員成功考取上外、復(fù)旦、對外經(jīng)貿(mào)、華師、同濟、上師、天師、北外、南大等高校研究生。

上外考研備考，英語MTI英語翻譯基礎(chǔ)外刊選材練習(xí)六

翻譯技巧,上外考研英語MTI筆譯小技巧

上外考研高翻MTI英語口譯/筆譯，漢譯英翻譯題失分點舉例講解

初試課程，上外考研高譯教育初試輔導(dǎo)課程詳情

……

對于政治、經(jīng)濟、科技、文史哲等方面的背景知識，很多同學(xué)是比較欠缺的。而這些背景知識在考試中卻至關(guān)重要。同學(xué)們平時可以通過外刊精讀，有意識得選擇不同題材的文章，補齊背景知識的短板哦。

外刊精讀的好處：

上外高翻MTI考研真題中，翻譯基礎(chǔ)和翻碩英語兩門科目的很多試題都是選自外刊，尤其是一些西方傳統(tǒng)大刊，如經(jīng)濟學(xué)人、紐約時報、金融時報等。

同學(xué)們平時的備考中，通過對外刊的閱讀和解析，可以幫助提高閱讀速度、積累詞匯和表達（包括縮略語）、增強語句理解力，了解中英思維差異，培養(yǎng)英語思維，掌握分析文章邏輯的能力，提高總結(jié)能力。

學(xué)習(xí)英文表達和句型，為漢譯英和作文積累地道表達、寫作素材、擴展思路，提高寫作能力。

下面是高譯老師從本周的外刊中選取的一些題材，同學(xué)們在備考中也要多多涉獵哦：

【外刊選材一】

Digital platforms：The rickshaw wars

A battle of travel apps highlights the promise and perils of the India stack

【1】

In India’s startup capital of Bangalore, auto-rickshaw drivers are no less prized than software engineers. Given the city’s chaotic traffic, rickshaws are sometimes the fastest way to get around. But finding one isn’t easy. Threats, pleas and moral appeals are necessary before a driver accepts a ride. The experience is no better with Ola and Uber, two ride-hailing firms which offer rickshaw services for a commission.

【2】

Help is at hand. An app called Namma Yatri, launched in November by the rickshaw drivers’ union, directly connects riders to drivers, with no commission for digital middlemen. It averages around 68,000 trips a day, from only 2,000 at the start of the year, and boasts more than 78,000 drivers and 1.4m customers on its platform.

【3】

Namma Yatri is built on a new open network that represents the next phase of the “India stack”—a set of digital services created by the state. With a national biometric system and a hugely successful payments network in place, the government has now set its sights on reshaping India’s e-commerce market. The Open Network for Digital commerce (ondc) allows smaller retailers to reach buyers, bypassing private marketplaces like Amazon. In theory, it unbundles every part of the shopping process, allowing shoppers to choose from thousands of sellers and select delivery options by different providers rather than rely on overweening incumbents.

【4】

ondc is still new. Besides the ride-sharing app, early pilots have focused on food and local grocery deliveries. Questions abound about who bears responsibility when things go wrong, from fake products to payment disputes. No app has so far reached the scale to match the incumbents, which are also toying with the platform. In February Amazon announced that it would integrate its logistics services with ondc. In April PhonePe, a Walmart-backed payments system, launched a local delivery app on the open network. Still, the Indian government’s aim seems clear: it desires a noisy digital bazaar instead of one with a few big monopolies.

【5】

Or does it? Piyush Goyal, the commerce minister, wants big e-commerce firms to use ondc for all their operations. Fence-sitters risk being banned from the platform. He has also vowed to use the “full force of the government” to promote it, putting Amazon and Flipkart on notice. So much for openness and competition.

rickshaw drivers are no less prized than software engineers: 三輪車司機與軟件工程師一樣被珍視

rickshaws are sometimes the fastest way to get around: 有時候，三輪車是最快捷的交通方式

threats, pleas and moral appeals are necessary before a driver accepts a ride: 在司機接受搭載之前，需要使用威脅、懇求和道義上的勸誘

rickshaw services for a commission: 收取傭金的三輪車服務(wù)

directly connects riders to drivers, with no commission for digital middlemen: 直接將乘客與司機連接起來，不需要為數(shù)字中間人支付傭金

averages around 68,000 trips a day: 每天平均約有6.8萬次行程

the next phase of the "India stack": “印度堆?！钡南乱粋€階段

reshaping India's e-commerce market: 重塑印度電子商務(wù)市場

unbundles every part of the shopping process: 對購物過程的每個環(huán)節(jié)進行解構(gòu)

a noisy digital bazaar instead of one with a few big monopolies: 喧囂的數(shù)字市集，而不是只有幾家大型壟斷企業(yè)的市場

【外刊選材二】

Spiritualists：Clairvoyant cartel

mediums engage in anti-competitive behaviour, too

【1】

The gathering is like an auction crossed with a game of Mad Libs. Up steps a medium, mic in hand. Visions appear to her: the first, she says, is an old woman with a spinal deformity who liked caring for kids. The medium asks whether anyone recognises the spirit; a hand shoots up. “Know that she’s proud of you and wants you to treat yourself more!” Applause, then a second apparition, whom someone else recognises.

【2】

Such demonstrations of public mediumship are a staple of summers at Lily Dale, a hamlet in western New York founded in 1879. About 250residents live in gingerbread-trimmed houses in the gated community. All are adherents of spiritualism, a 19th-century movement that got its start 200km away, in Hydesville, New York. Spiritualists believe that the living can contact and glean insights from the dead; mediums are the conduit. At its peak spiritualism had somewhere between 4m and 11m followers in America, including Abraham Lincoln’s wife, who hosted séances at the White House.

【3】

Each year more than 20,000 people visit Lily Dale, the oldest and largest spiritualist centre in America. Others are Cassadaga, in Florida, and Camp Chesterfield, in Indiana. Only 34 certified mediums, having passed a test, are allowed to charge for their services on the grounds. Private “readings” cost up to $140 for half an hour.

【4】

The mediums operate a guild of sorts. To get inducted one must perform well in trial readings. “We’re like the Harvard of mediumship,” says Sharon Klingler, who earned her credentials a decade ago. Candidates are scored on how many spirits they conjure and the accuracy of the evidence—mannerisms, symptoms, jobs, hometowns—that they give. “People who come here expect someone who’s been vetted,” says Kris Seastedt, vice-president of the mediums League.

【5】

There are dos and don’ts of the trade. Don’t diagnose or prescribe: that could bring legal trouble. Brenda Reading, a newly certified medium, won’t inform women if she thinks that they have breast cancer, though she will ask if they have put off their mammogram. (Nothing stops her from telling your correspondent that he seems a bit low-energy. She recommends vitamin supplements.)

【6】

Clients want assurances that their loved ones are at peace. Best to keep the message uplifting; no one likes to relive tragedy. And the more specific the evidence, the better. It’s not enough to say that dead grandma baked. Everyone had a grandma who baked. Helpfully, most visitors to Lily Dale want to believe. The occasional sceptic can be a spoiler. So can people who get too dependent and expect to be told exactly what to do by their dearly departed. Ms Klingler sometimes asks needy clients to stop calling. She reminds them that they have free will, and suggests meditation.

【7】

Some encounters are disorienting. Your correspondent sat for a reading with a medium who immediately suffered a coughing fit—a sign, she insisted, that one of his grandparents had had a tracheotomy. Assured otherwise, she replied that he was misinformed and should trust the spirit.

【外刊選材三】

Palaeontology：What the bones tell

Bones recovered from tar pits suggest both sabre-tooth tigers and dire wolves were in trouble before they vanished

【1】

Along with the mammoth and the dire wolf, the sabre-tooth tiger was a casualty of the Quaternary extinction, a die-off that happened between 50,000 and 10,000 years ago that seems to have affected big animals in particular.

【2】

Exactly what caused the extinction is still a matter of debate. (Two popular possibilities are a warming in the climate, and the arrival of humans.) A new paper by Hugo Schm?kel, a veterinary surgeon at the Evidensia Academy, a veterinary college in Sweden, and his colleagues, suggests that, for both the sabre-tooth tiger and the dire wolf, inbreeding played a part.

【3】

Dr Schm?kel arrived at that conclusion after examining bones from the Rancho La Brea tar pits in Los Angeles. These are gold mines for palaeontologists because they were death traps for the animals of the day. Rainwater can accumulate on top of the tar. A large herbivore, like a mastodon or giant sloth, that ventured in for a drink would risk becoming ensnared. Its subsequent attempts to free itself would attract predators, which would take advantage of its distress and attack—but then become trapped themselves. As a result Rancho La Brea contains bones from thousands of animals.

【4】

That allows for statistical studies that cannot be done anywhere else. Dr Schm?kel examined 834 sabre-tooth-cat femurs dated to between 12,000and 10,000 years ago. Around 6% had defects suggestive of a bone disease known as osteochondrosis dissecans. This is caused by small fragments of bone underlying the cartilage in a joint dying and breaking loose. It causes joint pain, loss of motion, and becomes crippling in old age. An analysis of 266 dire-wolf femurs found that 2.6% likewise had defects indicative of the disease.

【5】

Several things, including diet and injury, can cause osteochondrosis dissecans. But one of the biggest predisposing factors is genetics. Indeed, though the disease is rare in wild animals today, it is common in domesticated dog breeds that have been heavily inbred. Around 9% of border collies, for instance, suffer from it. But inbreeding is not always a consequence of human interference. In the wild, it is usually a consequence of a shrinkingpopulation in which fewer and fewer mates are available with every passing generation.

【6】

That suggests both the sabre-tooth tigers and the dire wolves were locked in a miserable downward spiral. Not only were their populations already shrinking, but the disease caused by the resulting inbreeding would have made it harder for the remaining individuals to survive, especially as they got older. It is impossible, at least for now, to discern what led these animals to become inbred in the first place. But the evidence from the tar pits suggests they were on a genetic knife’s edge for thousands of years before they finally succumbed.

………

今天先跟同學(xué)們分享以上這些，祝愿同學(xué)們都能圓夢上外，平時多多進行積累吧！提高備考效率和針對性的復(fù)習(xí)，奮力向前，實現(xiàn)夢想！

上外考研輔導(dǎo)班高譯教育，專注上外考研輔導(dǎo)

高譯教育-由上外及北外碩博校友創(chuàng)辦，專注上外各個專業(yè)考研、考博及上海院校外語專業(yè)考研、考博輔導(dǎo)。師資來自上外、復(fù)旦、華師大、北外、北語等名校優(yōu)秀碩博校友。

自2013年至今，輔導(dǎo)范圍涵括英語、法語、德語、俄語、日語、朝鮮語、阿拉伯語、西班牙語、漢語國際教育、語言學(xué)、金融學(xué)、新聞學(xué)、廣告學(xué)、傳播學(xué)等三十多個專業(yè)門類。近千名學(xué)員通過高譯教育成功考取上外、復(fù)旦、對外經(jīng)貿(mào)、華師、同濟、上師、天師、北外、南大等高校研究生、博士生。