最近在翻譯修蹄、釘蹄的視頻。

好多詞瘋狂卡殼，翻譯不出來。

頭又禿了不少。

然后我才發(fā)現(xiàn)，蹄鐵師他們是有自己的行話的！所以，在po視頻之前，咱還是先了解一下他們的行話吧。要不然你看我翻譯的視頻就更是云里霧里了。這樣理解視頻就更easy了？？？

?

1.解剖術(shù)語

Coronary Band (or Coronet):?the hairline at the very top ofthe hoof, all the way around

蹄緣：馬蹄上方邊緣與皮膚連接的地方，一圈被毛叫發(fā)際線（hairline，我想不到更合適的詞了）
Hoof Wall (or Horn):?the hard, outer most layer of the hoof

蹄壁（角質(zhì)）：馬蹄堅硬的外層
Frog:?the softer triangular area that starts at the back ofthe bottom of the hoof and moves to a point in the center

蹄叉：質(zhì)地較軟的三角形，起于馬蹄底部后方，向前延伸至中心一點
Sole:?the bottom of the foot, from the frog forwards

蹄底：馬蹄底部，蹄叉往前的部分
Heel:?the back part of the horse’s hoof

蹄踵：馬蹄的后側(cè)部分
Toe:?the front of the horse’s foot

蹄尖：馬蹄的前方
Quarter:?the sides of the hoof wall

蹄側(cè)壁：蹄壁的側(cè)面

White Line:?the band that wraps around the hoof (visiblefrom the bottom) and joins the hoof wall and the sole

白線：蹄底部可見，圍繞蹄子一圈，蹄壁和蹄底的接合部位

?

Bars:?extensions of the hoof wall that turn-in at the heeland run partway along the frog

蹄支：是蹄壁的一部分，蹄壁在蹄踵部位向內(nèi)沿著蹄叉延伸
Bulbs:?these are the softer cushions at the very back of the bottom of the horse's?foot; they form the external part of the digital cushion

蹄球：馬蹄后方，蹄踵上方的柔軟肉墊，是蹄墊的體外部分?

Digital Cushion:?the fatty area at the rear of the horse's foot that forms the interior of the frog and the bulbs of the heel

蹄墊：馬蹄后方的脂肪組織，是蹄叉和蹄球的體內(nèi)部分

Hoof Capsule:?comprises the hoof wall, sole, frog and bulbsof the heels

蹄匣：由蹄壁、蹄底、蹄叉和蹄球構(gòu)成?

Laminae:?thebone and hoof wall both have structures call laminae attached to them and these laminae interlock with each other to form a very tight bond

小葉：蹄骨和蹄壁的共有結(jié)構(gòu)，附著于蹄骨和蹄壁的小葉相互交合形成緊密的連接?

?Breakover Point:?the part of the sole still on the ground when the hoof begins to pivot as the horse moves forward and the heels lift

離地點：馬蹄開始離地，蹄踵要抬起，蹄底部分還未離地

2.?馬的動作

Brushing (or Interfering):?when a horse strikes its opposite leg withthe hoof that’s in the air

Brushing (or Interfering)：用蹄子踢對側(cè)的腿?

Dishing (or Winging):?when the hoof swings inward as ittravels, instead of going in a straight line

Dishing?(or Winging):：走路的時候腿往里撇
Forging (or overreaching):?when ahorse strikes its front legs with the toe of a back foot

Forging (or overreaching):?后腿的蹄尖踢前腿

Paddling:?when the hoof swings outas it travels

Paddling：走路時腿往外撇

Plaiting (or Rope Walking):?when the horse moves one foot directlyin front of the other

Plaiting (or Rope Walking):?一支蹄子踩在另一支蹄子的正前方，這是貓步吧

?3.?蹄鐵的作用
Balance the Foot:?trim the foot such that both lateral andmedial sides are symmetrical in shape and size and the foot sits level on ahard, level surface

平衡蹄子：馬蹄內(nèi)側(cè)和外側(cè)的形狀和大小修的對稱，蹄馬蹄在堅硬的平地上是水平的

Change the Breakover:?alter the way a horse’s foot leavesthe ground, usually to lessen the leverage so the footcomes off the ground more easily

調(diào)整breakover（離地）：改變馬蹄離地的方式，通常是減少杠桿作用，使蹄子離地更輕松ColdShoe:?when a farrier shapes a shoe without heating it before affixing it to the horse’s hoof

蹄鐵冷裝：在釘蹄之前，釘蹄師沒有利用加熱給蹄鐵塑型

HotShoe (or Hot Setting):?when a farrier heats up a shoe, shapes it to a horse’s foot and quickly places it on the foot before cooling it and affixing it

蹄鐵熱裝：蹄鐵加熱塑型，在冷卻和釘蹄之前，放在馬蹄上

Level the Foot:?trim the foot such that the heels, the toe,and the quarters of the hoof are even, relative to each other, and the footsits evenly on a hard, level surface

平整蹄子：修剪蹄踵、蹄尖以及蹄側(cè)壁使其平整、連續(xù)，蹄子在堅硬的平地上是水平的

Raise (or Lower) a Heel:?change the angle of the hoof eitherby leaving (or removing) more heel or?using a pad?or specialized shoe to get the desired hoof angle. Usually done to relieve stress on specific hoof or lower leg structures

增高（或降低）蹄踵：通過削去更多的蹄踵、或者使用特殊的蹄鐵來改變蹄子的角度。通常是為了緩解下肢結(jié)構(gòu)或蹄子的壓力????

? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ?

Resect the Hoof Wall:?remove a section of outer hoof wall toexpose an area with a bacterial or fungal infection

切除蹄壁：切除外層蹄壁的一部分，露出細(xì)菌或真菌感染的區(qū)域

Rocker a Shoe:?when the front of the shoe is mildly angled and lifted slightlyoff the ground to manipulate where the horse breaks over

Rocker a Shoe：蹄鐵的蹄尖部分有一些弧度，稍微離地，用來調(diào)整breakover（離地）的過程
Roll a Shoe:?when a farrier rasps (or grinds) off the very bottom of the toe ofa shoe, creating a less steep shoe angle to help the horse’s foot break overmore easily

Roll a Shoe：銼掉蹄鐵蹄尖部分的底部，形成一個不太尖銳的蹄尖，使馬蹄breakover（離地）更容易

Set a Shoe:?placing the shoe slightly back and behind thehorse’s toe and then shortening the toe to ease breakover

Set a Shoe：和rolling a shoe?合用，把蹄鐵放在較蹄尖稍后的位置，縮短蹄尖，使breakover（離地）更容易

P.S.?英文和圖片均來源于網(wǎng)絡(luò)，中文是我自己翻譯的。蹄鐵師的行話我就不硬翻譯了，咱知道是咋回事，看視頻的時候不懵就行了。過兩天還會再細(xì)說其中的幾個詞，比如breakover，真的是打開新世界的大門！

關(guān)注我

微信公眾號：語馬

bilibili：HorseTime語馬

新浪微博：@HorseTime-語馬

今日頭條：HorseTime語馬