原文標(biāo)題：
Education
Classroom politics
Republicans worry about schools indoctrinating children, but they are throwing money at teachers
教育
課堂政治
共和黨人擔(dān)心學(xué)校向孩子們灌輸思想，但他們卻在向教師砸錢(qián)

Why Republicans are giving huge pay rises to teachers
They do so, despite many worrying about critical race theory and indoctrination
為什么共和黨人要給教師大幅加薪？
盡管許多人擔(dān)心批判性種族理論和教條灌輸問(wèn)題，但他們還是加薪了

[Paragraph 1]
IN APRIL 2018, teachers in Oklahoma staged an insurrection. Angry at dismal pay, they walked out of their classrooms for nine days and converged on the state capitol to demand more money.

2018年4月，俄克拉荷馬州的教師發(fā)動(dòng)了一場(chǎng)暴動(dòng)。他們對(duì)微薄的薪水感到憤怒，他們連續(xù)9天走出教室，聚集在州議會(huì)大廈要求得到更多的薪水。

This was part of a wave of teachers’ strikes that year in Republican-dominated states, including Arizona, Kentucky and West Virginia.

這是當(dāng)年共和黨主導(dǎo)的各州（包括亞利桑那州、肯塔基州和西弗吉尼亞州）教師罷工潮的冰山一角。

[Paragraph 2]
Five years later, things are different.

5年后，情況發(fā)生了變化。

The Oklahoma legislature, which has a Republican supermajority, passed an average salary increase of $6,100 in the days before the strike; then a smaller increase of $1,200 the next year.

在罷工前幾天，共和黨占絕對(duì)多數(shù)的俄克拉荷馬州立法機(jī)構(gòu)通過(guò)了平均加薪 6,100 美元的決議；然后第二年小幅增加 1,200 美元。

It is currently debating a further increase of $3,000-6,000, depending on seniority.

目前正在討論根據(jù)資歷進(jìn)一步加薪3,000-6,000 美元。

From the sitting room of the governor’s mansion, Kevin Stitt, the recently re-elected Republican governor, is upbeat about the pending pay-increase legislation and dreams of paying the best teachers in the state “up to $100,000” by the end of the year.
在州長(zhǎng)官邸的起居室里，最近連任的共和黨州長(zhǎng)凱文-斯蒂特對(duì)懸而未決的加薪立法持樂(lè)觀態(tài)度，且希望到年底時(shí)給州內(nèi)最優(yōu)秀的教師支付“高達(dá)10萬(wàn)美元”的報(bào)酬。

[Paragraph 3]
Oklahoma is hardly the only Republican-dominated state shovelling money at teachers.

俄克拉荷馬州并不是唯一一個(gè)向教師砸錢(qián)的共和黨州。

This is happening even as the party has been banging on about the problems of public schools, accusing teachers of indoctrinating children with critical race theory (CRT) and gender ideology.
盡管共和黨一直在抨擊公立學(xué)校的問(wèn)題，指責(zé)教師向兒童灌輸批判種族理論和性別意識(shí)形態(tài)，但他們依然給老師們加薪。

[Paragraph 4]
Ron DeSantis, the Florida governor, has placed himself in serious contention to be the party’s next presidential nominee by campaigning against wokeness in schools and universities; yet he also crows about increasing starting salaries for teachers by $7,000 since 2020 and spending $2bn on teachers’ pay.

佛羅里達(dá)州州長(zhǎng)羅恩·德桑蒂斯通過(guò)在學(xué)校和大學(xué)開(kāi)展反對(duì)覺(jué)醒運(yùn)動(dòng)，使自己成為該黨下一屆總統(tǒng)候選人的有力競(jìng)爭(zhēng)者；然而，他還吹噓自 2020 年以來(lái)將教師的起薪提高了7,000 美元，并在教師工資上花費(fèi) 20 億美元。

Sarah Huckabee Sanders, the governor of Arkansas and the pugnacious former press secretary for Donald Trump, signed a remarkable bill in March to increase minimum teacher pay in the state from $36,000 a year to $50,000 (by one measure, moving its ranking from 48th in the nation to sixth).

阿肯色州州長(zhǎng)、唐納德.特朗普的好斗的前新聞秘書(shū)薩拉.赫卡比.桑德斯在3月份簽署了一項(xiàng)引人注目的法案，將該州的最低教師工資的年薪從3.6萬(wàn)美元提高到5萬(wàn)美元（以一種衡量標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，其排名從全國(guó)第48位上升到第6位）。

Glenn Youngkin of Virginia was one of the first to pioneer the winning anti-CRT strategy in 2021. Yet he also proudly signed a 10% pay rise for teachers in 2022 and is pushing this year for an additional $100m in spending on teacher-retention bonuses.
弗吉尼亞州的格倫.楊金是2021年反CRT活動(dòng)先鋒之一且獲得了勝利。然而，他還自豪地簽署了 2022 年教師加薪 10% 的協(xié)議，并在今年推動(dòng)額外 1 億美元的支出用于教師留任獎(jiǎng)金。

[Paragraph 5]
Some might suggest this presents a paradox.

有些人可能會(huì)認(rèn)為這是個(gè)悖論。

Mr Stitt argues that it is the emergence of a coherent, competing Republican agenda that can undo the narrative that Democrats are the best party for education.

斯蒂特認(rèn)為，正是出現(xiàn)了一個(gè)連貫的、相互競(jìng)爭(zhēng)的共和黨議程，才能推翻民主黨是最佳教育政黨的說(shuō)法。

“We believe in merit pay,” he says, “but I’m still not supportive of the big unions, because I don’t think they’re doing teachers a service and not focusing on the kids.”

他說(shuō)："我們相信績(jī)效工資，但我仍然不支持大工會(huì)，因?yàn)槲艺J(rèn)為他們不會(huì)為教師服務(wù)，他們也不關(guān)注孩子。"

In addition to higher pay for teachers in traditional public schools and safeguards to assure that there is no wokery, he says, parents should also be furnished with tax credits to send their children to private school if they wish.

他說(shuō)，除了提高傳統(tǒng)公立學(xué)校教師的工資及確保沒(méi)有覺(jué)醒活動(dòng)的保障措施外，父母還應(yīng)該獲得稅收抵免，以便將他們的孩子送到私立學(xué)校。

“I’m always saying let’s fund the students, not the system. Let’s empower parents because they know what’s best for their kids.”
"我總是說(shuō)讓我們資助學(xué)生，而不是資助系統(tǒng)。讓我們賦予父母權(quán)力，因?yàn)樗麄冎朗裁磳?duì)孩子最好。"

[Paragraph 6]

That is what is happening in other states, too.

其他州正在發(fā)生類(lèi)似的事情。

The recent pay-increase legislation in Arkansas creates a voucher scheme, establishes a merit-pay programme to reward high-performing teachers with bonuses of up to $10,000, raises standards for literacy, bans the promotion of CRT and prohibits the discussion of sex for pupils below the fifth grade (roughly age 11).
阿肯色州最近的加薪立法創(chuàng)建了一個(gè)教育券計(jì)劃，建立了一個(gè)獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)高績(jī)效教師的獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)計(jì)劃，獎(jiǎng)金高達(dá) 1萬(wàn) 美元，提高了識(shí)字標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，禁止推廣CRT，并禁止與五年級(jí)以下（大約11歲）的學(xué)生討論性問(wèn)題。

[Paragraph 7]

A few other factors help explain the trend.

一些其他因素有助于解釋這一趨勢(shì)。

State budgets were flush after a deluge of federal dollars arrived during the covid-19 pandemic even as an unusually strong economy produced high revenues.

在疫情期間，即使在異常強(qiáng)勁的經(jīng)濟(jì)產(chǎn)生高收入的情況下，聯(lián)邦資金也大量涌入，各州的預(yù)算都很充裕。

A shortage of teachers, which remains a problem in Oklahoma, would only get worse if the state could not keep up with wages offered by its neighbours (and even the ones offered by employers such as Amazon).

教師短缺在俄克拉荷馬州仍然是一個(gè)問(wèn)題，如果該州的工資跟不上隔壁州提供的工資（甚至趕不上亞馬遜等雇主提供的工資），教師短缺情況只會(huì)變得更糟。

Schools remain the centre of many rural communities and many rural educators are Republicans; letting them flounder out of spite against potential indoctrination would be unpopular.

學(xué)校仍然是許多農(nóng)村社區(qū)的中心，許多農(nóng)村教育工作者是共和黨人；由于對(duì)潛在洗腦的惡意而讓他們陷入困境將不受歡迎。

Effective campaigning and effective governance are rather separate.
有效的競(jìng)選和有效的治理是分開(kāi)的。

（恭喜讀完，本篇英語(yǔ)詞匯量644/1187左右）
原文出自：2023年4月29日《The Economist》United States版塊

精讀筆記來(lái)源于：自由英語(yǔ)之路

本文翻譯整理: Irene

本文編輯校對(duì): Irene
僅供個(gè)人英語(yǔ)學(xué)習(xí)交流使用。

【補(bǔ)充資料】（來(lái)自于網(wǎng)絡(luò)）
Critical Race Theory（批判種族理論）是一種源自美國(guó)的社會(huì)學(xué)理論，主要關(guān)注種族、種族歧視和權(quán)力的關(guān)系。理論起源于1980年代，旨在研究美國(guó)法律中的種族歧視問(wèn)題。它認(rèn)為，傳統(tǒng)法律的“色盲”原則，并不能消除種族歧視，反而忽略和弱化了不同群體之間的不平等。因此，批判種族理論提出了一種基于種族和權(quán)力的新型分析框架，希望揭示隱藏在傳統(tǒng)法律背后的種族歧視和權(quán)力結(jié)構(gòu)。

Gender ideology（性別意識(shí)形態(tài)）是一個(gè)爭(zhēng)議性的概念，通常用來(lái)描述一些涉及性別角色、性別認(rèn)同和性別表達(dá)的信仰、理論或政治立場(chǎng)。它可以指代一系列觀點(diǎn)和理論，如女性主義、男性主義、跨性別理論等。有人認(rèn)為這個(gè)概念鼓勵(lì)了性別歧視和排斥，并對(duì)LGBTQ社群造成了傷害。一直存在爭(zhēng)議。

Anti-CRT strategy（反對(duì)CRT的策略）指的是一些人和組織采用的方式和方法，旨在抵制、反對(duì)和消除Critical Race Theory（批判種族理論）在教育、政治和公共輿論中的影響。

Teacher-retention bonuses（教師留任獎(jiǎng)金），是指學(xué)?；蛘蛞呀?jīng)在該?；蛟摰貐^(qū)執(zhí)教的教師提供的一種獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)措施，以鼓勵(lì)他們繼續(xù)留在原單位執(zhí)教，并且對(duì)他們的專(zhuān)業(yè)技能和貢獻(xiàn)給予認(rèn)可。這種獎(jiǎng)金通常是在教師連續(xù)工作一定年限后提供的，比如3年或5年。教師留任獎(jiǎng)金旨在解決教師流動(dòng)性高的問(wèn)題，促進(jìn)教育質(zhì)量的提高。因?yàn)榻處熈鲃?dòng)性較高會(huì)給學(xué)生帶來(lái)不穩(wěn)定感、影響教學(xué)質(zhì)量，并且對(duì)招聘新教師也會(huì)造成一定困難。此外，教師留任獎(jiǎng)金還可以為學(xué)校留住有經(jīng)驗(yàn)、高素質(zhì)的教師，提升教學(xué)效果和管理水平。

【重點(diǎn)句子】（3個(gè)）
Oklahoma is hardly the only Republican-dominated state shovelling money at teachers.
俄克拉荷馬州并不是唯一一個(gè)向教師砸錢(qián)的共和黨州。

“I’m always saying let’s fund the students, not the system. Let’s empower parents because they know what’s best for their kids.”
"我總是說(shuō)讓我們資助學(xué)生，而不是資助系統(tǒng)。讓我們賦予父母權(quán)力，因?yàn)樗麄冎朗裁磳?duì)孩子最好。"

Effective campaigning and effective governance are rather separate.
有效的競(jìng)選和有效的治理是分開(kāi)的。