▌?dòng)⒄Z(yǔ)口語(yǔ)｜文章｜心理健康｜工作/職場(chǎng)｜尋找內(nèi)部目標(biāo)

☆ How to be ambitious without sacrificing your mental health?

?ambition; an always-striving mindset;

?mental wellness; work place mental health;

?外部目標(biāo)：extrinsic goals； extrinsic maker；concrete goals—— intrinsic motivation； internal motivators 內(nèi)在激勵(lì)因素

?Self-Determination Theory 自我決定理論

?school of thought 思想流派

?科學(xué)依據(jù)：research-backed； science-backed ； science-based

?職場(chǎng)人現(xiàn)狀

?Ambition can feel like a dirty word(臟字眼，下流語(yǔ)言；不得體的話;忌諱) in the era of quiet quitting（職場(chǎng)躺平） and the Great Resignation（離職潮）. Many Americans have relized that an always-striving mindset can come at a cost to mental wellness;

?...the U.S. Surgeon General（衛(wèi)生局） even named workplace mental health a new public-health priority in the wake of (〔尤指不好的事〕緊隨某事而來(lái)；作為某事的后果)the pandemic. Research also linked chasing extrinsic(adj. 非本質(zhì)的,外在的, 不要緊的) goals, such as power, to anxiety and depression.

?如何平衡野心與心理健康

?Research suggests, the key is harnessing (控制[利用]〔自然力等〕)your ambition for a goal that serves your well-being.

?"we want to make sure that our ambition is being directed in ways that we care about." 以自我興趣為導(dǎo)向?qū)崿F(xiàn)野心

?Striving is only healthy if "we do it in ways that don't spoil the rest of our lives."

?野心與心理健康的關(guān)系：沒(méi)強(qiáng)因果關(guān)系

?Ambition isn't inherently good or bad for mental health. Ambition strongly predicted career success, but was only weakly related to life satisfaction. Ambition people weren't drastically happier or unhappier than people who weren't as driven.

?The target of your ambiton may have a stronger impact on mental health. Studies have consistently shown that people who are motivated by extrinsic markers(性質(zhì)或特點(diǎn)的〕標(biāo)志?) of success, such as wealth, status, or popularity, aren't as psychologically fulfilled as people fueled by intrinsic motivation, such as personal growth, deep relationships, or knowledge.

? Reaching an extrinsic goal may briefly (ad.短暫地，短時(shí)間地)satisfy you, "but it's not long-lasting."

?如何找到真正的目標(biāo)（重塑野心）

?With some practice and introspection(n.內(nèi)省，反省), you can retrain your ambition to feed, rather than harm, your mental health. Here are five research-backed ways to do just that.

1 Prioritize your relationships

?Ambition can become harmful when it “crowds out” other important parts of life. “Ambition is effortful,” he says. “If you’re going to be successful and ambitious, you have to put a lot into it.” If that drive comes at the expense of psychologically fulfilling things like strong relationships or autonomy over your time（對(duì)時(shí)間的自主權(quán)）, it can take a toll on mental health. （如果為實(shí)現(xiàn)一些外部目標(biāo)擠占了生活里的其他，那很有可能影響到心理健康）

2 Focus on the task, not the rewards

Research suggests you’ll feel more fulfilled if you focus on achievement for achievement’s sake—mastering a task, learning something, or creating positive change for your clients or community—rather than striving only for the next promotion or pay raise. (Some research even suggests that people who follow these internal motivators（內(nèi)在激勵(lì)因素） end up achieving more in the end.) “You can have ambition and be intrinsically motivated at the same time,” Ryan says. “You can love your work … but it’s in harmony with（?和某事物一致；和某事物協(xié)調(diào)） the rest of who you are.” （更注重內(nèi)部激勵(lì)因素的目標(biāo)，注重自我實(shí)現(xiàn)）

3 Strive for growth

Instead of letting ambition rule your life, you can adopt a “growth mindset,” which refers to the belief that intelligence is not fixed and can be fostered. Judge says it may be healthier to strive for growth—learning or honing(v.磨煉，訓(xùn)練；提高〔技藝〕) a skill, or cultivating a trait（n. 特征;特點(diǎn);特性；） you admire in others— rather than concrete goals like getting a certain job title or salary. （更注重內(nèi)部激勵(lì)因素的目標(biāo)，注重自我實(shí)現(xiàn)）

4 Practice gratitude

People naturally have some materialistic (物質(zhì)主義)tendencies, especially in capitalist societies. But Kasser’s research suggests that suppressing（v.抑制，克制 〔感情〕） those desires can yield mental-health gains. Mindfulness （正念）and gratitude can help. In one study, people who meditated （v.默想；冥想，打坐）daily were more satisfied with their financial status and had greater well-being. Regular reflections on gratitude, relationships, or mortality have also been shown to reduce materialism, which can in turn improve mental wellness. （多通過(guò)正念、冥想等行為來(lái)沉下心，然后尋找自己除物質(zhì)外真正想要的東西。這樣心理可以更健康。）

5 Don’t try to monetize

everything Have you ever lost interest in a beloved hobby after turning it into a side hustle（副業(yè)）? There’s a science-backed explanation. Decades ago, researchers found that attaching extrinsic motivators (such as cash rewards) to activities that people enjoyed decreased their internal motivation to keep doing them. If psychological satisfaction is your goal, you may be better off without the extra cash.（愛(ài)好變職業(yè)，傷身傷心）