SBB | 入侵蚯蚓改變森林土壤微生物組和氮循環(huán)

作者:JeonghwanJang?a?b?c,?Xianyi?Xiong?a,?Chang?Liu?d,?Kyungsoo?Yoo?d,?Satoshi?Ishii?a?d
地址:
a?BioTechnology Institute, University of Minnesota, 140 Gortner Labs, 1479 Gortner Avenue, St. Paul, MN 55108, USA
b?Department?of Ecology, Evolution, and Behavior, University of Minnesota, 140 Gortner Labs, 1479 Gortner Avenue, St. Paul, MN 55108, USA
c?Division of Biotechnology, Jeonbuk National University, Iksan, Jeonbuk 570-752, South Korea
d?Department of Soil, Water, and Climate, University of Minnesota, 438 Borlaug Hall, 1991 Upper Buford Circle, St. Paul, MN 55108, USA
Highlights
(1)蚯蚓入侵程度和土壤深度均影響土壤微生物群落。
(2)蚯蚓的入侵導(dǎo)致了土壤氮循環(huán)的改變。
(3)蚯蚓入侵后Nitrososphaera亞硝基球形菌屬和Nitrospira硝化螺旋菌屬豐度下降。
(4)蚯蚓入侵后硝化基因豐度也降低。
(5)蚯蚓入侵后反硝化和固氮基因豐度增加。
Abstract
以前冰川地區(qū)的北方硬木森林一直沒有蚯蚓,直到人類活動引入了外來的歐洲蚯蚓。外來蚯蚓的入侵極大地改變了土壤的物理、地球化學(xué)和生物學(xué)特性,但其對土壤微生物群的影響尚不清楚。本研究表明,入侵的蚯蚓改變了土壤微生物群和生態(tài)系統(tǒng)功能,尤其是氮循環(huán)。我們在美國明尼蘇達(dá)州的一個硬木森林中,從一個活躍的蚯蚓入侵時間序列的三個地點收集了不同深度的土壤樣本。采用擴(kuò)增子測序、高通量氮循環(huán)基因定量(NiCE芯片)和鳥槍宏基因組技術(shù)分析土壤微生物群落結(jié)構(gòu)和功能潛力。蚯蚓入侵程度和土壤深度均影響微生物組結(jié)構(gòu)和功能基因豐度。在最近入侵和最小入侵的土壤中,亞硝基球形菌和硝化螺旋菌以及與硝化作用相關(guān)的基因比在嚴(yán)重入侵的土壤中更豐富。而反硝化和固氮相關(guān)基因在不同深度入侵程度較重的土壤中均較入侵程度較輕的土壤豐富。由于反硝化作用會導(dǎo)致生態(tài)系統(tǒng)氮的損失,我們的結(jié)果表明,蚯蚓的入侵可能會影響整個森林的氮循環(huán)。


Nitrogen cycling?in the forest soil influenced by earthworm invasion. Red and blue arrows indicate the genes that increased and decreased their relative abundances by earthworm invasion, respectively, based on Spearman's correlation analysis of the shotgun metagenomics reads (p?<?0.05).?Black solid arrows?indicate the genes that did not change their abundance by earthworm invasion.?Black dashed arrows?indicate the genes that were not detected. (For interpretation of the references to colour in this figure legend, the reader is referred to the Web version of this article.)