前　言

　　以下信息來(lái)自JABCECC官網(wǎng)THE CENTER - THE CANIDS OF THE WORLD模塊，此模塊介紹了部分犬科動(dòng)物的外貌特征、生存習(xí)性、分布和保護(hù)現(xiàn)狀。其中涉及的專(zhuān)業(yè)名詞的編譯僅做參考保留，不具學(xué)術(shù)上的謹(jǐn)慎性。內(nèi)容有刪改。

附離編譯局 2023年7月

Canids of the World

世界犬科動(dòng)物

We believe that every canid has a right to live, both as a species and as an individual.

我們相信每一只犬科動(dòng)物都有生存的權(quán)利，無(wú)論是作為一個(gè)物種還是作為一個(gè)個(gè)體。

A canid is a mammal in the Family Canidae and includes wolf-like canids, fox-like canids, the South American canids, and a few special canids. Canids first evolved about 40 million years ago in North America. By using both the?Bering sea land bridge?and the bridge created by the uncovering of Central America, over a span of millions of years, they were able to greatly expand their range. Now, they extend the world over and inhabit all continents with the exception of Antarctica. A canid was the first domesticated animal. Yep man’s best friend, the domesticated dog, was the first domesticated animal. Canids vary is size, from the smallest, the fennec fox at about 24?cm (9.4?in) in length and weigh 0.6?kg (1.3?lb) to the largest, the gray wolf at up to 160?cm (5.2?ft) long, and can weigh up to 79?kg (174?lb). Some canids have a purely carnivorous diet (like the African painted dogs and dholes) and some are omnivores (coyotes and red foxes), but none are solely herbivores. This can be determined by their dentition that consists of sharp canine teeth and the carnassial (the upper pre-molar and lower molar) which are optimized for shearing meat and tendons. The upper is used for cutting and the lower carnassial is used for grinding. The ratio between the upper and the lower defines the canids dietary habits. Canids are often very social animals, living in large packs. Dholes have been know to have packs with up to 40 members. This social nature could explain why it was a canid that came out of the wild and formed a special partnership with humans. Canids are truly a treasure of the natural world.?

　　犬科[ref：canid，Canidae下的一個(gè)亞科]是一種犬科哺乳動(dòng)物[ref：Canidae]，包括狼、狐和南美犬科動(dòng)物，以及少數(shù)特殊的犬科動(dòng)物。犬科動(dòng)物最早是4000萬(wàn)年前于北美進(jìn)化而來(lái)的。通過(guò)白令海陸橋和中美洲的發(fā)現(xiàn)所形成的海陸橋，在數(shù)百萬(wàn)年的時(shí)間里，它們能夠極大地?cái)U(kuò)大它們的活動(dòng)范圍。現(xiàn)在，它們遍布世界各地，棲息在除南極洲以外的所有大陸。犬科動(dòng)物是最早被馴養(yǎng)的動(dòng)物，狗——人類(lèi)最好的朋友——是第一種被馴養(yǎng)的動(dòng)物。犬科動(dòng)物的大小各異，從最小的耳廓狐[Fennecus zerda]，長(zhǎng)約24厘米（9.4英寸），重0.6公斤（1.3磅），到最大的灰狼[Canis lupus]，長(zhǎng)160厘米（5.2英尺），重79公斤（174磅）。有些犬科動(dòng)物是純?nèi)馐硠?dòng)物（非洲野犬[Lycaon pictus]和豺[Cuon alpinus]），有些是雜食動(dòng)物（郊狼[Canis latrans]和紅狐[Vulpes vulpes]），但沒(méi)有一種是純食草動(dòng)物。這可以通過(guò)它們的牙齒結(jié)構(gòu)來(lái)證實(shí)：它們有鋒利的犬齒[ref：canine teeth]和裂齒[ref：carnassial]（上前臼齒[ref：upper pre-molar]和下臼齒[ref：lower molar]//），以適于撕裂和切斷肌肉肌腱。上前臼齒用于切斷食物，下臼齒用于研磨食物。上下臼齒的比例決定了犬科動(dòng)物的飲食習(xí)慣。犬科動(dòng)物通常營(yíng)群居生活。豺以一個(gè)族群里可以有多達(dá)40個(gè)成員而聞名。這種社會(huì)性可以解釋為什么它們可以脫離野性，并與人類(lèi)形成特殊的伙伴關(guān)系。犬科動(dòng)物確實(shí)是自然界的瑰寶。

The Dhole

豺

Hyālō! (Bengali for “hello”). My name is Ban Kutta, but you can just call me Ben. I am a Dhole (Cuon alpinus). I am sometimes called the Indian Whistling dog, Asian wild dog, and the mountain wolf.

　　Hyālō!（孟加拉語(yǔ)的“你好”）。我叫Ban Kutta，你可以叫我Ben。我是一只豺（Cuon alpinus）。有時(shí)我被稱(chēng)為印度口哨犬，亞洲野狗，以及山狼。

I am native to South Asia, which includes India and China and some other places as well. I am found in tropical, dry, and moist deciduous forest; evergreen and semi-evergreen forests; dry thorn forests; grassland–scrub–forest mosaics; and alpine steppe, but not in desert regions.?

　　我來(lái)自南亞，包括印度、中國(guó)[Errata：中國(guó)屬于東亞國(guó)家]和其他地方。我生活在熱帶干燥或濕潤(rùn)的落葉林、亞熱帶常綠林和半常綠林、熱帶旱生林、林地草地交匯地帶和高山草原，但不生活在沙漠地區(qū)。

I am a bit of a social butterfly, living in packs of up to 40 members.? My pack mates and I are very effective hunters.? We live largely on a diet of deer but with the help of my buddies I can take down pretty much anything.?

　　可以說(shuō)我是一個(gè)交際花，生活在多達(dá)40個(gè)成員的圈子里。我和我的同伴是非常優(yōu)秀的獵手。我們主要以鹿為食，但在我朋友的幫助下，我?guī)缀蹩梢詫?duì)付任何東西。

?I usually weigh around 40 pounds and have dark brown and white hair. I am quite beautiful,?if I don’t say so myself. I am the only member of the genus Cuon, which is genetically close to dogs and wolves, but I have unique anatomical traits. I have a convex skull and one cusp?on my upper molars. This makes me pretty special.

　　我一般體重40磅[18.14kg]左右，有深棕色和白色的毛發(fā)。我很漂亮——我并不是想炫耀。我是豺?qū)俚奈ㄒ怀蓡T，在基因特征上我和狼很相似，但我有獨(dú)特的生理特征：我的頭骨凸出，上臼齒上有一個(gè)尖，這讓我很特別。

?Unfortunately I am considered Endangered.?There are likely fewer than 2500 dholes alive. We used to range through North America, Europe and much of Asia but no longer. People in my range often think I attack their domesticated animals, but in fact I rarely do. On account of this, we are persecuted. This means being poisoned, shot, snared and clubbed. We did nothing wrong so I hope this makes you as mad as it does me. There are some conservation groups devoted to educating people about us, like the JABCECC and some that focus exclusively on ensuring our survival. If you don’t know about us, you likely cannot help save us.

　　不幸的是，我是瀕危動(dòng)物?，F(xiàn)有的豺可能不到2500只。我們過(guò)去的分布范圍遍及北美、歐洲和亞洲大部分地區(qū)，但現(xiàn)在不是了。我活動(dòng)范圍內(nèi)的人經(jīng)常認(rèn)為我會(huì)攻擊他們牲畜，但事實(shí)上我很少這樣做。因此，我們受到迫害。這意味著我被毒殺，被槍殺，被誘捕，被棍棒毆打。我們沒(méi)做錯(cuò)什么，所以這應(yīng)該讓你和我一樣憤懣。有一些動(dòng)物保護(hù)組織致力于讓人們了解我們，比如JABCECC，還有一些專(zhuān)門(mén)致力于確保我們存活。如果你不了解我們，你可能無(wú)法幫助拯救我們。

The Maned Wolf

鬃狼

Ola! (Portuguese for “hello”) My name is Mateo, and I am a?Maned Wolf?(Chrysocyon brachyurus)!

　　Ola!（葡萄牙語(yǔ)的“你好”）我叫Mateo，我是一只鬃狼(Chrysocyon brachyurus)！

I am a native of South America. I live in the grasslands and dry scrub forests of Brazil, Bolivia, Paraguay, and Northern Argentina.

　　我來(lái)自南美洲，生活在在巴西、玻利維亞、巴拉圭和阿根廷北部的草原和干燥的灌木叢中。

I am a shy and timid canid who usually lives a solitary life. I am an omnivore, which means I eat a combination of fruits (my favorites are wolf apples, bananas, apples and avocados), vegetables, and prey such as rodents, frogs and small birds. My nickname is “fox on stilts” because of my foxlike characteristics of a red coat, shaggy white tipped tail, big ears, and my exceptionally long legs. Reaching a height of three feet at my shoulder, I am the tallest wild canid on earth. Despite our name, maned wolves are not actually wolves. We are the only members of our genus and have features that definitely make us canids, but we are not closely related to wolves or foxes.

　　我是一只害羞膽小的狗，通常過(guò)著孤獨(dú)的生活。我是雜食動(dòng)物，這意味著我吃水果（我最喜歡的是巴西狼果[Solanum lycocarpum]、香蕉、蘋(píng)果和牛油果），蔬菜，和嚙齒動(dòng)物、青蛙和小鳥(niǎo)在內(nèi)的獵物。我的綽號(hào)是“踩高蹺的狐貍”，因?yàn)槲蚁窈傄粯?，有紅色的皮毛，毛茸茸的白色尾巴，大耳朵，還有特別長(zhǎng)的腿。我的肩膀有三英尺[91.4cm]高，是地球上最高的野生犬科動(dòng)物。雖然叫鬃狼，但其實(shí)鬃狼并不是狼。我們是鬃狼屬中的唯一成員，我們的特征使我們成為犬科動(dòng)物，但我們與狼或狐貍并沒(méi)有密切的關(guān)系。

I am Near Threatened in my native habitat range. This is because of habitat loss, disease, and the incorrect belief that some of my organs can be used for medicinal purposes. My family and I are misunderstood and wrongfully persecuted. We have been hunted by farmers for many years who were concerned we were killing their poultry and livestock. Since my teeth and jaws are so small, it is hard for me to kill large prey, but I am often blamed anyways because of my intimidating size.? Some conservation groups are working on educating the local communities and protecting my home, so I have space to live.

　　我目前處于近危狀態(tài)。這是因?yàn)闂⒌氐膯适?、疾病、以及人們錯(cuò)誤地認(rèn)為我的一些器官可以用于治療疾病。我和我的家人受到了誤解和迫害。多年來(lái)，我們一直被農(nóng)民獵殺，他們擔(dān)心我們會(huì)殺死他們的家禽和牲畜。由于我的牙齒和下顎很小，我很難殺死大型獵物，但卻經(jīng)常因?yàn)槲覈樔说捏w型而受到指責(zé)。一些環(huán)保組織正在努力教育當(dāng)?shù)厝罕?，保護(hù)我的棲息地，這樣我就有生存的空間了。

Mexican Grey Wolf

墨西哥狼

?Hola! (Spanish for “hello”) My name is Joaquin, and I am a Mexican Grey Wolf (Canis Lupus baileyi).?I am sometimes called the lobo.

　　?Hola!(西班牙語(yǔ)的“你好”)我叫Joaquin，我是一只墨西哥狼（Canis Lupus baileyi）。有時(shí)我被稱(chēng)為lobo[大灰狼之意]。

I am native to North America and I once lived in mountainous forests and scrublands in northern Mexico, southern New Mexico, western Texas, and southeastern Arizona. Currently, I am being released into these areas thru conservation programs. I am a sub-species of the Grey Wolf. Even though I am called a Grey Wolf, my fur is a mixture of grey, tan, rust, and black. We usually grow to be 50-85 lbs, making us the smallest subspecies of Grey Wolf. I am a carnivore, and I eat a balanced diet consisting of meat and more meat! I like to eat elk, mule deer, rabbits, ground squirrels, and other small mammals. If I am living in a populated area, I am nocturnal (active at night), otherwise I am diurnal (active during the day).

　　我來(lái)自北美，曾經(jīng)生活在在墨西哥北部、新墨西哥州南部、德克薩斯州西部和亞利桑那州東南部的山區(qū)森林和灌木叢中。目前，我正通過(guò)保護(hù)計(jì)劃在這些地區(qū)被恢復(fù)。我是灰狼的亞種。雖然我被稱(chēng)為灰狼，但我的毛色中有灰色、棕褐色、鐵銹色和黑色。我們通常體重可達(dá)50-85磅[22.7kg-38.6kg]，這使我們成為灰狼最小的亞種。我是食肉動(dòng)物，飲食均衡，包括肉和更多的肉！我喜歡吃馬鹿、騾鹿、兔子、地松鼠和其他小型哺乳動(dòng)物。如果我住在人口稠密的地區(qū)，我多在晚上活動(dòng)，否則我多在白天活動(dòng)。

?Our conservation status is listed as Endangered. We used to have populations in the thousands, but due to human encroachment only a handful of us remain by the 1970’s. Thanks to reintroduction efforts from zoos and conservation centers, we can again be found in Northern Mexico and the Southwestern United States. Our numbers are slowly growing, but we are still the most endangered wolf in the world. Humans are our greatest threat because we are hunted for pest control. Another threat we face is loss of habitat.

　　我們被列為瀕危物種。我們?cè)?jīng)有成千上萬(wàn)只大的規(guī)模，但由于人類(lèi)的入侵，到20世紀(jì)70年代，只有少數(shù)幸存下來(lái)。經(jīng)過(guò)動(dòng)物園和保護(hù)中心的重新引入，現(xiàn)在你可以在墨西哥北部和美國(guó)西南部再次找到我們。我們的數(shù)量正在緩慢增長(zhǎng)，但我們?nèi)匀皇鞘澜缟献顬l危的狼。人類(lèi)是我們最大的威脅，因?yàn)槲覀儽蛔鳛橛泻?dòng)物捕殺。我們面臨的另一個(gè)威脅是棲息地的喪失。

?Please help us by using your voice. Please vote to maintain preserves and state parks to prevent further loss of our home. Please protect my family and me by asking local, state and federal governments to stop the slaughter of wolves.

　　請(qǐng)你為我們發(fā)聲。請(qǐng)投票支持保留自然保護(hù)區(qū)和州立公園，以防止我們進(jìn)一步失去家園。請(qǐng)要求地方、州和聯(lián)邦政府停止屠殺狼，以保護(hù)我的家人和我。

African Painted Dogs

非洲野犬

Jambo! (Swahili for "hello") Our names are Picasso & Van Gogh and we are?African Painted Dogs?(Lycaon pictus).

　　Jambo?。ㄋ雇呦＠镎Z(yǔ)的“你好”）我們的名字是Picasso和Van Gogh[畢加索和梵高，均為著名畫(huà)家]，我們是非洲野犬（Lycaon pictus）。

We are also known as African Wild Dogs, African Painted Wolves, or Cape Hunting Dogs. We are native to?Southern and Eastern Africa?and live in the savannah or sparse woodlands.

　　我們也被稱(chēng)為非洲野狗，三色豺，或海角獵犬//。我們來(lái)自非洲南部和東部，生活在稀樹(shù)草原或稀疏的林地中。

We are very social and live in large packs. We are known to share food and even help our sick family and friends. We can grow to be about 40-80 lbs. Before our pack leaves for a hunt, we actually vote by sneezing! The more sneezes that occur, the more likely it is that we’ll go! Our packs hunt cooperatively for antelope, or larger prey like wildebeests. We will settle for birds and rodents if we have to. Ah-choo! Our coat patterns are very pretty, full of color and pattern variation. Our coats can be used to identify individuals since no two are alike.

　　我們非常喜歡群居。眾所周知，我們分享食物，甚至幫助生病的家人和朋友。我們重達(dá)40-80磅[18.1kg-36.3kg]。在我們的族群外出狩獵之前，我們會(huì)通過(guò)打噴嚏來(lái)投票！打噴嚏的次數(shù)越多，我們就越有可能去！我們的族群會(huì)合作獵取羚羊或角馬等較大的獵物，如果有必要，我們也會(huì)捕食鳥(niǎo)類(lèi)和嚙齒動(dòng)物。阿嚏！我們皮毛上的圖案非常漂亮，色彩豐富，圖案多變。我們可以用皮毛來(lái)識(shí)別個(gè)體，因?yàn)闆](méi)有兩只的皮毛是相同的。

Painted Dogs are one of the most?Endangered?mammals in the world. Scientists who study us predict that there are only 3,000 to 5,000 of us left on the planet. Our populations are decreasing due to habitat loss, and fragmentation (the free space that we call home is shrinking and becoming separated). We are hunted by people who fear that we might harm their livestock. We are also exposed to diseases from domesticated dogs that our bodies cannot fight. People can help me by creating paths or corridors between wildlife preserves and teaching locals how to co-exist with us. Farmers can build bomas, which are homes for their livestock, to keep us out. Locals can also vaccinate their pets to prevent the spread of distemper and rabies

　　非洲野犬是世界上最瀕危的哺乳動(dòng)物之一。研究我們的科學(xué)家預(yù)測(cè)，地球上只剩下3000到5000只非洲野犬。由于棲息地的喪失和碎片化，我們的數(shù)量正在減少。我們被那些害怕我們傷害他們牲畜的人獵殺，也會(huì)感染我們無(wú)法抵抗的來(lái)自家犬的疾病。人們可以通過(guò)在野生動(dòng)物保護(hù)區(qū)之間開(kāi)辟小路或廊道來(lái)幫助我，并教當(dāng)?shù)厝巳绾闻c我們共存。農(nóng)民們可以建造“博馬[ref：boma]”，那是他們蓄養(yǎng)牲畜的地方，把我們擋在外面。當(dāng)?shù)厝艘部梢越o他們的寵物接種疫苗，以防止犬瘟熱和狂犬病的傳播。

Arctic Fox

北極狐

Halu! (Inuktitut for “hello”) My name is Aurora. I am an?Arctic Fox?(Vulpes lagopus).

　　Halu?。ㄒ蚣~特語(yǔ)的“你好”）我叫Aurora。我是一只北極狐（Vulpes lagopus）。

Vulpes lagopus means “hair on feet,” which references the hair between the pads on my paws. I am native to?Arctic regions?in the?Northern Hemisphere?all over the world.

　　Vulpes lagopus的意思是“腳上的毛”，指的是我爪墊之間的毛。我來(lái)自北半球的北極地區(qū)。

I live in an underground burrow that helps protect me?from the harsh arctic climate. I am the size of a large housecat, usually weighing about 6-17 lbs. My diet consists of small rodents, usually lemmings?and voles, as well as fish, and other sea life. I have thick white fur in the winter and grey-brown fur in the summer to help me camouflage or blend in with my habitat. We Arctic foxes are monogamous and choose a mate for life.

　　我住在一個(gè)地下洞穴里，這有助于保護(hù)我免受?chē)?yán)酷的北極氣候的影響。我和一只大型家貓一樣大，通常重約6-17磅[2.72kg-7.71kg]。我的食物包括小型嚙齒動(dòng)物，通常是旅鼠和田鼠，還有魚(yú)和其他海洋生物。在冬天我會(huì)長(zhǎng)出厚厚的白色皮毛，在夏天則褪變?yōu)榛易厣?，以便偽裝。我們北極狐實(shí)行一夫一妻制，一生只選擇一個(gè)伴侶。

If you want to help us, please do not buy fur, support people who wear fur or fashion houses that sell fur. Our story does not end there. We are also experiencing the negative effects of climate change, and temperatures in the Arctic are rising twice as fast as the rest of the world. This is reducing sea ice and causing sea levels to rise. You can help my family (and yours) by fighting climate change! It might sound silly, but every little bit helps! If everyone made small changes in their lifestyle, the effects would be huge! Remember to turn off the lights when you leave a room and unplug rarely used appliances. Reduce your waste, reuse what you can, and recycle! Use re-useable items rather than single use. Walk or ride a bike when you can instead of taking the car, or setup a carpool. All of these things add up and will make a positive change! Thank you for being green for me and our planet!

　　如果你想幫助我們，請(qǐng)不要購(gòu)買(mǎi)皮草、支持穿皮草的人或賣(mài)皮草的時(shí)裝公司。我們所面臨的困難并不止于此，我們也在受到氣候變化所帶來(lái)的負(fù)面影響，北極的氣溫上升速度是世界其他地區(qū)的兩倍。這導(dǎo)致海冰減少，海平面上升。你可以通過(guò)應(yīng)對(duì)氣候變化來(lái)幫助我的家人（和你的家人）！這聽(tīng)起來(lái)可能不太現(xiàn)實(shí)，但一點(diǎn)一滴都有幫助！如果每個(gè)人都在他們的生活方式上做一點(diǎn)小小的改變，效果將是顯著的！離開(kāi)房間時(shí)記得關(guān)燈，拔掉不常用電器的插頭。減少浪費(fèi)，使用可重復(fù)使用的物品，而不是一次性物品。盡可能以步行或騎行代替駕車(chē)，或者拼車(chē)。所有這些事情的加和會(huì)產(chǎn)生積極的影響！謝謝你為我和我們的星球做出的貢獻(xiàn)！

Our population is stable and we are of?Least Concern?for conservation. We were once greatly impacted by hunting for our lovely coats, but thankfully, this is becoming less common. Unfortunately, now we find ourselves living horrible lives and horrible deaths on fur farms around the world for vanity and the fashion industry.

　　我們的數(shù)量是穩(wěn)定的，我們是無(wú)危動(dòng)物。我們?cè)?jīng)因?yàn)槲覀兤恋钠っ艿胶艽蟮钠群?，但幸運(yùn)的是，這種情況正在變得不那么常見(jiàn)。不幸的是，現(xiàn)在我們?cè)谑澜绺鞯氐拿まr(nóng)場(chǎng)過(guò)著可怕的生活并被殘忍殺害，成為虛榮和時(shí)尚產(chǎn)業(yè)的犧牲品。

Coyote

郊狼

Hello! My name is Dusty, and I am a?Coyote?(Canis latrans)!

　　你好！我叫Dusty，我是一只郊狼（Canis latrans）！

I am native to?North America?and I live in open spaces and urban areas throughout most of the continent.

　　我來(lái)自北美，我生活在整個(gè)北美大陸的開(kāi)闊地帶和城市地區(qū)。

I am cathemeral?(awake day or night), and I am most active at dawn and dusk. I only weigh about 18-45 pounds. My family and I are excellent runners and we can reach speeds of 40 miles per hour and jump a distance of 13 feet! I am omnivorous and I typically hunt for small animals like rabbits, rats, mice, gophers, and insects. Because I am a bit of a scavenger, I will also eat from your garbage can, or find any food or water that you leave outside for your pets. I’m really not picky, and who doesn’t enjoy a free meal? Sometimes if I’m really hungry, I might even go after your family pets. Unfortunately, your Chihuahua is a lot easier to catch than an athletic bunny, but there are things you can do to help avoid this.

　　我是曙暮性動(dòng)物（在白天或黑天活動(dòng)），我在黎明和黃昏時(shí)最活躍。我只有18-45磅[8.16kg-20.4kg]重。我和我的家人都是優(yōu)秀的跑步運(yùn)動(dòng)員，我們的時(shí)速可達(dá)每小時(shí)40英里[64.4km/h]，跳到13英尺[3.96m]高！我是雜食動(dòng)物，通常捕食小動(dòng)物，比如兔子、老鼠、老鼠、地鼠和昆蟲(chóng)。因?yàn)槲沂且粋€(gè)拾荒者，所以我也會(huì)從你的垃圾桶里翻東西吃，或者吃你給寵物留在外面的食物或水。我真的不挑剔，誰(shuí)不喜歡一頓免費(fèi)的午飯呢？有時(shí)候，如果我真的很餓，我甚至?xí)コ阅慵依锏膶櫸铩２恍业氖?，你的吉娃娃比一只多?dòng)的兔子更容易抓住，但你可以做一些事情來(lái)避免這種事發(fā)生。

?My population is of?least concern, but we are persecuted. There is a lot about us that is misunderstood. I almost always hunt alone, not in packs as many people believe. I am naturally timid. In many ways I am curious and can be playful just like your dog, but I really mean no harm. Since human housing continues to expand, we need to learn how to co-exist. If you live in my neighborhood, please keep your pets close and stay alert. I do not like confrontation and will usually avoid you. If we get too close for comfort, you should make and maintain eye contact, pick up your dog if possible, wave your arms, and make loud noises so I will go away. If this does not scare me off, I am likely protecting pups, my den, or food. Calmly take your pets and leave the area. Please understand that I am trying to live in your world, but you are taking over mine. If you respect me and my family, and try to eliminate things that attract us, we can greatly reduce negative encounters.

　　我是無(wú)危動(dòng)物，但我們受到迫害。我們?cè)诤芏喾矫娑急徽`解了。我總是獨(dú)自狩獵，而不是像許多人認(rèn)為的那樣成群狩獵，我天生膽小。在很多方面，我很好奇，也很頑皮，就像你的寵物狗一樣，但我真的沒(méi)有惡意。由于人類(lèi)居住面積不斷擴(kuò)大，我們需要學(xué)會(huì)如何共存。如果你住在我家附近，請(qǐng)讓你的寵物在你身邊，保持警惕。我不喜歡對(duì)抗，通常會(huì)躲著你。如果我們靠得太近而讓你感到不舒服，你應(yīng)該同我們保持眼神交流，如果可能的話抱起你的狗，揮舞你的手臂，大聲叫喊趕我走開(kāi)。如果這沒(méi)有嚇到我，我可能是在保護(hù)幼崽、我的巢穴或食物，這時(shí)冷靜地帶著你的寵物離開(kāi)這個(gè)地方。請(qǐng)理解，我努力生活在你們的世界里，而你們卻占據(jù)了我的世界。如果你尊重我和我的家人，并努力消除吸引我們的東西，我們可以大大減少負(fù)面的接觸。

Golden Jackal

金豺

Bun?!?(Romanian for “hello”). My name is Jackie. I am a Golden Jackal,?(Canis aureus).?

　　Bun?!（羅馬尼亞語(yǔ)的“你好”）。我叫Jackie。我是一只金豺(Canis aureus)。

I am native to Southeast Europe and all the way to Southern Asia. I am found in valleys, beside rivers and their tributaries, canals, lakes, and seashores and even in forests and on low mountains. I avoid desert areas because frankly, just thinking about them makes me thirsty. On account of having such a wide range and living in many different habitats, there are at least 7 different subspecies of blokes like myself.

　　我來(lái)自東南歐到南亞一帶。生活在山谷里、河流及其支流旁、運(yùn)河邊、湖泊邊、海邊，甚至在森林里，在低矮的山上，都能找到我的身影。我不生活在沙漠地區(qū)，坦率地說(shuō)，光是想到沙漠就會(huì)讓我口渴。由于種類(lèi)繁多，我可以生活在許多不同的棲息地，像我這樣的至少有7個(gè)不同的亞種。

I weigh around 30 pounds but we can weigh down to 13 pounds. I have an exquisite gold and grey coat and I know I am very pretty. I have a very good sense of smell, in fact even better than a dog. In Russia, they have bred golden jackals to dogs to create a hybrid canid for detecting explosives. So we are working to protect your lives...you’re welcome.

　　我大約30磅[13.6kg]重，但我們最輕可以重達(dá)13磅[5.90kg]。我有一件精致的金色和灰色的外套——我知道我很漂亮。我的嗅覺(jué)非常靈敏，實(shí)際上甚至比狗還靈敏。在俄羅斯，他們將金豺與狗雜交，創(chuàng)造出一種用于探測(cè)爆炸物的雜交犬種。所以我們正在努力保護(hù)你們的生命……不客氣 ~?

I am sometimes confused with some distant relatives in Africa called the black- backed jackal and the side-striped jackal, but I am actually more closely related to wolves and coyotes. I live in packs that generally consist of my mate and our offspring. My range is expanding because humans keep killing wolves, which is terrible. Now don’t get me wrong, if I see a wolf, I leave with great urgency. I could be prey for a wolf but I still think they are pretty cool.

　　我有時(shí)會(huì)被與非洲的遠(yuǎn)親黑背胡狼和側(cè)紋胡狼混淆，但實(shí)際上我與狼和郊狼的關(guān)系更近。我生活在一個(gè)通常由我的配偶和后代組成的群體中。我的活動(dòng)范圍在擴(kuò)大，因?yàn)槿祟?lèi)一直在獵殺狼，這太可怕了。別誤會(huì)，如果看到狼，我會(huì)馬上離開(kāi)，我可能會(huì)成為狼的獵物，但我仍然認(rèn)為它們很酷。

For reasons I don’t fully get, we have been talked about in ancient texts quite a bit. The Egyptian god Anubis had the head of a jackal. Jackals are mentioned in the Bible 14 times and in some religions we are considered the first animal created. I get that one, I have always thought of us as #1.

　　出于我不完全明白的原因，我們?cè)诠糯墨I(xiàn)中被提及過(guò)很多次。埃及神阿努比斯長(zhǎng)著金豺的頭。金豺在圣經(jīng)中被提到了14次，在一些宗教中，我們被認(rèn)為是第一個(gè)被創(chuàng)造出來(lái)的動(dòng)物……我明白了，我一直把我們當(dāng)做No.1。

We are not endangered but because we are so adaptable we sometimes live around humans, who can kill us because they are afraid. Now I only weight 30 pounds so I think you are overreacting a bit. It’s always drama with those humans.

　　我們是無(wú)危動(dòng)物，但因?yàn)槲覀兊倪m應(yīng)能力很強(qiáng)，我們有時(shí)生活在人類(lèi)周?chē)麄儠?huì)因?yàn)楹ε露鴼⑺牢覀?。我?/span>30磅[不到30斤]重，所以我覺(jué)得你們有點(diǎn)反應(yīng)過(guò)度了。那些人類(lèi)總是好裝腔作勢(shì)。

New Guinea Singing Dog

新幾內(nèi)亞歌唱犬

Halo! (Tok Pisin for “hello”) My name is Huli, and I am a?New Guinea Singing Dog?(Canis familiaris halistromi).

　　Halo!（托克皮辛語(yǔ)的“你好”）我的名字是Huli，我是一只新幾內(nèi)亞歌唱犬（Canis familiaris halistromi）。

I am native to?New Guinea, and have historically been found in the mountainous cloud forest and highlands. I am considered to be a primitive dog, or the “wildest domesticated dog.” Our origins are unknown. It is thought that we might have once been ancient semi-domesticated dogs brought to New Guinea by sailors, and then left there to become wild. We do not know if there are any more genetically pure Singing Dogs in the mountains of New Guinea.

　　我來(lái)自新幾內(nèi)亞，歷史上曾生活在多山的云霧森林和高地。我被認(rèn)為是一種原始的狗，或者是“最具野性的家養(yǎng)犬”。我們的起源是未知的。有人認(rèn)為，我們可能曾經(jīng)是古代半馴化的狗，被水手帶到新幾內(nèi)亞，然后在那里變成了野狗。我們不知道在新幾內(nèi)亞的山區(qū)是否還有基因純正的歌唱犬。

Little is known about my family in the wild because we can be so shy and elusive. It is thought that we live alone, or in small packs of 3-5. We like to eat small marsupials, birds, and reptiles. We are the apex predator in New Guinea. My Ambassador friends at the JABCECC, Nicky and Stumpy, enjoy dog food and chicken. We typically weigh 20-30 lbs. You might be wondering why we are called Singing Dogs. We can make sounds unlike any other dog, such as a trill, which is a quavering or vibratory sound. We also engage in chorus howls with other members of our sub-species. This is when multiple Singing Dogs will harmonize with each other, much like a barbershop quartet. We think it sounds absolutely beautiful!

　　很少有人知道我們的存在，因?yàn)槲覀兪侨绱撕π吆碗y以捉摸。人們認(rèn)為我們是獨(dú)居動(dòng)物，或者以3-5只個(gè)體營(yíng)群居生活。我們喜歡吃小型有袋目動(dòng)物、鳥(niǎo)類(lèi)和爬行動(dòng)物。我們是新幾內(nèi)亞的頂級(jí)掠食者。我在JABCECC的大使朋友，Nicky和Stumpy，喜歡狗糧和雞肉。我們一般體重20-30磅[9.07kg-13.6kg]。你可能想知道為什么我們被稱(chēng)為唱歌犬：我們可以發(fā)出不同于其他狗的聲音，比如顫音。我們也會(huì)和我們亞種的其他成員一起合唱嚎叫。多只會(huì)唱歌的狗互相協(xié)作，就像理發(fā)店的四重唱[一種由四名男性歌手組成的合唱團(tuán)體，通常以無(wú)伴奏的形式演唱]一樣。我們認(rèn)為這聽(tīng)起來(lái)非常美！

Our conservation status is?Vulnerable, although if you consider us an entirely unique sub-species, we would be?Endangered. In the 1950’s we were rediscovered in the highlands of New Guinea, and a few of us were brought into human care for a breeding program. The breeding program was created to keep our genetics pure, since western dogs were being brought to New Guinea. Challenges we face include habitat destruction, inbreeding, and mixed genetics with domesticated dogs. The managed population is believed to be around 300. You can help us by supporting the JABCECC. My friends here at the JABCECC are on the frontlines to help save our sub-species. They rescue, foster, and find homes for Singers like me and educate the public about how unique we are! They also work to conserve and preserve genetic diversity of my sub- species. Please help JABCECC save my family of living fossils!

　　我們是易危動(dòng)物，然而如果你把我們看作一個(gè)完全獨(dú)立的亞種，我們則是瀕危動(dòng)物。在20世紀(jì)50年代，我們?cè)谛聨變?nèi)亞的高地被重新發(fā)現(xiàn)，我們中的一些被帶到保護(hù)中心參與人工繁育計(jì)劃。自從西方的狗被帶到新幾內(nèi)亞以來(lái)，這個(gè)育種項(xiàng)目的建立保護(hù)了我們基因的純正。我們面臨的挑戰(zhàn)包括棲息地破壞、近親繁殖以及家養(yǎng)犬造成的基因污染。受到看管的新幾內(nèi)亞歌唱犬?dāng)?shù)量據(jù)信在300只左右。你可以通過(guò)支持JABCECC來(lái)幫助我們，我在JABCECC的朋友們?cè)诘谝痪€幫助拯救我們的亞種。他們拯救、收養(yǎng)我們，為像我這樣的歌手尋找棲息地，并教育公眾我們是多么的獨(dú)特！他們還致力于保護(hù)我們亞種的遺傳多樣性，請(qǐng)幫助JABCECC拯救我們這一活化石！

Fennec Fox

耳廓狐

Marhaba.(Arabic for “hello”) My name is Felix, and I am a?Fennec Fox?(Vulpeszerda).

　　Marhaba.（阿拉伯語(yǔ)的“你好”）我叫Felix，是一只耳廓狐（Vulpeszerda）。

I am native to the?Sahara Desert?and other dry regions in?Northern Africa?and parts of the?Middle East.

　　我來(lái)自撒哈拉沙漠和北非的其他干旱地區(qū)以及中東的部分地區(qū)。

I am the smallest canid in the world weighing in at approximately 2-3 lbs! I am nocturnal so that I can avoid the searing Saharan heat. I also have the biggest ear to body ratio which makes me quite cute (if I do say so myself). Besides adding to my cuteness, I use these rather large ears to help regulate my body temperature and cool me down as I sleep in my burrow during the daytime. I eat a diet of plants, rodents, insects and reptiles. I can go for a long time without water, because I get a majority of my moisture from the food I eat.

　　我是世界上最小的犬科動(dòng)物，體重大約2-3磅[0.91kg-1.36kg]！我是夜行動(dòng)物，這樣我就能避開(kāi)撒哈拉的酷熱。我也有最大的耳朵與身體的比例，這使我非常可愛(ài)（至少我自己這樣認(rèn)為）。除了使我更可愛(ài)，我用這些相當(dāng)大的耳朵來(lái)調(diào)節(jié)體溫，白天睡在洞穴里時(shí)我用它降溫。我的食物包括植物、嚙齒動(dòng)物、昆蟲(chóng)和爬行動(dòng)物。我可以很長(zhǎng)時(shí)間不喝水，因?yàn)槲覐奈页缘氖澄镏蝎@得了大部分的水分。

I am listed as?Least Concern, but perhaps this is because scientists and researchers are unaware of my conservation status. Since I live in such a harsh environment, it makes my family and me a difficult species to study in the wild and know for certain. Some of the threats we Fennec Foxes face include human encroachment, climate change, disease, and the pet trade. You can help me by being aware. Wild animals can be tamed, but do not make for good pets. If you plan on taking on a pet of any kind, please educate yourself first. What is the time commitment involved? What are its personality traits, veterinary, and dietary needs? How long does your potential new pet live, and are you willing to commit to it for its entire lifetime? Just because a wild animal is cute, does not mean it should be taken from its native habitat to be the perfect pet for you.

　　我被列為無(wú)危動(dòng)物，但也許這是因?yàn)榭茖W(xué)家和研究人員不清楚我的保護(hù)狀況。我生活在如此惡劣的環(huán)境中，這使得我和我的家人成為一個(gè)難以研究和確定生存狀態(tài)的物種。我們耳廓狐面臨的威脅包括人類(lèi)入侵、氣候變化、疾病和寵物貿(mào)易。保持清醒頭腦的你能幫到我——野生動(dòng)物可以被馴服，但不能成為完美的寵物。如果你打算領(lǐng)養(yǎng)任何種類(lèi)的寵物，請(qǐng)先學(xué)習(xí)相關(guān)知識(shí)：要有多大的時(shí)間投入？它的性格特征、醫(yī)療和飲食需求是什么？你的所謂新寵物能活多久，你愿意為它的奉獻(xiàn)一生嗎？僅僅因?yàn)橐恢灰吧鷦?dòng)物很可愛(ài)，并不意味著它應(yīng)該從它的原生棲息地被帶走，成為你的完美寵物。

Murals by Max Higgins for the JABCECC.

感謝Max Higgins為JABCECC設(shè)計(jì)的壁畫(huà)。

Come see them at the center and meet our canids!

快來(lái)中心看他們，見(jiàn)見(jiàn)我們的狗狗和狐貍！