從句

3大類：狀語從句、名詞性從句、定語從句

狀語從句9種，名詞性從句4種

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名詞性從句：主語從句、賓語從句、表語從句、同位語從句

引導(dǎo)詞可以是連詞、代詞、副詞等

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主語從句

1. that引導(dǎo)（連詞引導(dǎo)）

That I don’t like durian is known to my friends.

That he was admited by Stanford University surprised us all.

That doing is better than saying is a classic proverb.

為了避免頭重腳輕，往往使用一個(gè)形式主語it，而把主語放在句末。

It is a pity that you (should) miss the concert.

It is a shame that the rain (should) spoil our outddor activity.

It is no wonder that the lazy student (should) fail his final examination.

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過去分詞的功能

1. 作表語

表情緒，主語是人

My son was exited about his first trip in an airplane.

She was surprisedat his visit, for it was deep night.

After enjoying her performance on stage, I felt touched.

過去分詞作表語與被動(dòng)語態(tài)形式一樣，功能上不同，前者表狀態(tài)，后者表動(dòng)作。

The product is finished. （是完成的，狀態(tài)，過去分詞）

The product won’t be finished until next May. （被完成，動(dòng)作，被動(dòng)）

The story is well written. （寫得好的，狀態(tài)）

The story was written by a pupil. （被寫，被動(dòng)語態(tài)）

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2. 作補(bǔ)語

與賓語構(gòu)成復(fù)合賓語。

The poor boy watched his father arrested by the police.

He felt himself cheated.

I have had my bike repaired.

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3. 作定語

前置

You’re a bored housewife trying to kill time here.

Mr. Smith is a convinced Christian.

Guilt comes from a frightened part of your personality.

與名詞構(gòu)成事物名詞，表被動(dòng)或完成

被動(dòng)：boiled water, ruled class, canned food, written plan

完成：developed country, fallen star, arrived guests, retired worker

過去分詞短語，后置

Our class went on a happy trip organized by the monitor last Sunday.

Most of the people invited to the conference were my old friends.

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4. 作狀語

6種狀語：時(shí)間、原因、方式、條件、結(jié)果、讓步

時(shí)間狀語

Told that his mother was ill, Tom hurried home quickly.

Asked what had happened, he said nothing.

Hit on the head by a ball, the girl was rowing the boat.

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待續(xù)