轉(zhuǎn)本備考--英語(yǔ)提分技巧
說(shuō)專(zhuān)轉(zhuǎn)本得英語(yǔ)者得天下,英語(yǔ)是所有專(zhuān)轉(zhuǎn)本專(zhuān)業(yè)類(lèi)別的必考科目,也是拉分科目。
之前有轉(zhuǎn)本人問(wèn)老師,基礎(chǔ)不好,短時(shí)間怎么把分?jǐn)?shù)提上去?
綜合來(lái)看,“閱讀理解”是最好提分的一個(gè)題型?!伴喿x理解”是很多省份英語(yǔ)考試中的必考題型,也是丟分最多的題型,那要怎么樣才能那分?
先來(lái)分析一下閱讀理解丟分原因:
①單詞量不夠,無(wú)法理解文章的全部?jī)?nèi)容。
②答題無(wú)章法、無(wú)技巧,造成前面耗時(shí)過(guò)多,后面為了追速度,草草閱讀,出錯(cuò)率高。
閱讀理解答題技巧
細(xì)節(jié)理解題
考查內(nèi)容主要涉及時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)、人物、事件、原因、結(jié)果、數(shù)字等議論文中例證細(xì)節(jié)和定義類(lèi)細(xì)節(jié)。這類(lèi)題目的共同特點(diǎn)是:答案一般都能在文章中找到。
1.事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題→尋讀法分為直接理解題和間接理解題,前者常用who, what, which, when, where, why和how提問(wèn),或判斷正誤;后者需與原文信息轉(zhuǎn)換,表達(dá)上與原文有差異。常見(jiàn)命題形式有:1.What can we learn from the passage?2.All the following are mentioned except?3.Which of the following is mentioned (not mentioned)?4.Which of the following statements is true/right/false/wrong about…?
2.排列順序題→首尾定位法(找出第一個(gè)事件和最后一個(gè)事件,用排除法縮小范圍)常出現(xiàn)在記敘文和說(shuō)明文中,一般按事件發(fā)生的順序。常見(jiàn)命題形式有:1.Which of the following is the correct order of…?2.Which of the following shows the path of signals described in Paragraph…?
3. 圖文匹配題→按圖索驥理清線索設(shè)題形式:給出圖表,根據(jù)圖表提問(wèn)問(wèn)題。
4. 數(shù)字計(jì)算題→(方法:審題→帶著問(wèn)題找細(xì)節(jié)→對(duì)比、分析、計(jì)算)可直接找到相關(guān)細(xì)節(jié),但需經(jīng)過(guò)計(jì)算方可找到答案。
推理判斷題
主要考查學(xué)生對(duì)文章中隱含或深層的含意的理解能力。它要求考生根據(jù)文章內(nèi)容做出合乎邏輯的推斷,包括考生對(duì)作者觀點(diǎn)的理解,態(tài)度的判斷,對(duì)修辭、語(yǔ)氣、隱含意思等的理解。
題干關(guān)鍵詞:infer(推斷),indicate(象征,暗示), imply/suggest(暗示), conclude(作出結(jié)論), assume(假定,設(shè)想)。
1.細(xì)節(jié)推理判斷題一般可根據(jù)短文提供的信息或借助生活常識(shí)進(jìn)行推理判斷,常見(jiàn)命題形式有:1.It can be inferred/ concluded from the text that __________.2.The author implies/ suggests that_____.3.We may infer that _________.4.Which of the following statements is implied but NOT stated?
2.預(yù)測(cè)推理判斷題根據(jù)語(yǔ)篇對(duì)文章接下來(lái)的內(nèi)容或可能的結(jié)局進(jìn)行猜測(cè),常見(jiàn)命題形式有:1.What do you think will happen if/when…?2.At the end of this passage, the writer might continue to write_____.
3.推測(cè)文章來(lái)源或讀者對(duì)象常見(jiàn)命題形式有:1.The passage is probably take out of_____.2.The passage would most likely be found in_____.3.Where does this text probably come from?
詞義猜測(cè)題
考點(diǎn):①猜測(cè)某個(gè)詞、詞組、句子的意義②對(duì)文中的多義詞或詞組進(jìn)行定義③判斷某個(gè)代詞的指代的對(duì)象。常見(jiàn)命題形式有:1.The underlined word/phrase in the second paragraph means _____.2.The word “it/they”?in the last sentence refers to______.3.The word “…”(Line 6. para.2)probably means ______.4.The word “…”(Line 6. para.2)could best be replaced by which of the following?5.Which of the following is closest in meaning to the word “…”?
解答技巧:1.通過(guò)因果關(guān)系猜詞首先是找出生詞與上下文之間的邏輯關(guān)系,然后才能猜詞。有時(shí)文章借助關(guān)聯(lián)詞(如because,as,since,for,so,thus,as a result,of course等等)表示前因后果。例如:You shouldn't have blamed him for that,for it wasn't his fault.通過(guò)for引出的句子所表示的原因(那不是他的錯(cuò)),可猜出blame的詞義是"責(zé)備"。
2.通過(guò)同義詞和反義詞的關(guān)系猜詞通過(guò)同義詞猜詞,一是要看由and或or連接的同義詞詞組,如happy and gay,即使我們不認(rèn)識(shí)gay這個(gè)詞,也可以知道它是愉快的意思;
二是看在進(jìn)一步解釋的過(guò)程中使用的同義詞,如Man has known something about the planets Venus,Mars,and Jupiter with the help of spaceships.此句中的Venus(金星)、Mars(火星)、Jupiter(木星)均為生詞,但只要知道planets就可猜出這幾個(gè)詞都屬于"行星"這一義域。
通過(guò)反義詞猜詞,一是看表轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系的連詞或副詞,如but,while,however等;
二是看與not搭配的或表示否定意義的詞語(yǔ),如:He is so homely,not at all as handsome as his brother.根據(jù)not at all...handsome我們不難推測(cè)出homely的意思,即不英俊、不漂亮的意思。
3.通過(guò)構(gòu)詞法猜詞根據(jù)前綴、后綴、復(fù)合、派生等構(gòu)詞知識(shí)判斷生詞詞義。如:She is unlikely to have stolen the money. ( “un”含否定意義,故為“不太可能”之意。)