在學(xué)術(shù)論文中，為了增加論文的邏輯性，作者經(jīng)常使用一些連詞，比如：however, furthermore等詞。但今天我介紹的是“舊引新”方法Old-to-New Information Flow.下面舉例說明：

（1）Research has shown that caffeine does indeed reduce sleepiness and can lead to better academic performance since students can spend more time studying. （2）Despite its effectiveness in counteracting sleepiness, caffeine can have a negative impact on subsequent sleep, which for many students may already be compromised. （3）Specifically, caffeinated veverages consumed near bedtime at night can prolong sleep onset and reduce sleep efficiency and depth, thus affecting both sleep onset and reduce sleep efficiency and depth, thus affecting both sleep quality and duration…研究表明，咖啡因確實(shí)可以減少嗜睡，并且可以提高學(xué)習(xí)成績，因?yàn)閷W(xué)生可以花更多時(shí)間學(xué)習(xí)。 盡管咖啡因能有效對(duì)抗嗜睡，但咖啡因會(huì)對(duì)隨后的睡眠產(chǎn)生負(fù)面影響，這對(duì)許多學(xué)生來說可能已經(jīng)受到影響。 具體來說，晚上睡前飲用含咖啡因的飲料會(huì)延長入睡時(shí)間，降低睡眠效率和深度，從而影響入睡時(shí)間并降低睡眠效率和深度，從而影響睡眠質(zhì)量和持續(xù)時(shí)間……

這里面“舊引新”的詞匯是：

（1）caffeine- （2）its-caffeine- （3）caffeinated

鑒于篇幅所限，不能過多舉例。

基于Swales & Feak, 2012,31