Can you solve the rogue AI riddle

你能解決流氓AI之謎嗎

來(lái)源視頻

A hostile artificial intelligence called NIM has taken over the world’s computers.?

You’re the only person skilled enough to shut it down, and you’ll only have one chance.

You’ve broken into NIM’s secret lab, and now you’re floating in a raft on top of 25 stories of electrified water.?

You’ve rigged up a remote that can lower the water level by ejecting it from grates in the sides of the room.

If you can lower the water level to 0, you can hit the manual override, shut NIM off, and save the day.

一個(gè)邪惡的人工智能 NIM 控制了全世界的電腦。

你是唯一一個(gè)有能力關(guān)閉它的人，且你只有一次機(jī)會(huì)。

你闖入了 NIM 的秘密實(shí)驗(yàn)室，現(xiàn)在正坐在浮在 25 層高的 帶電水上的一個(gè)皮筏艇里。

你已裝配了一個(gè)遙控器，它可以通過(guò)把水從房間兩側(cè)的格子 排走來(lái)降低水位。

如果你可以把水位降到 0，你就可以按下手動(dòng)操作按鈕，關(guān)閉 NIM并拯救世界。

However, the AI knows that you’re here, and it can lower the water level, too, by sucking it through a trapdoor at the bottom of the lab.?

If NIM is the one to lower the water level to 0, you’ll be sucked out of the lab, resulting in a failed mission.?

Control over water drainage alternates between you and NIM, and neither can skip a turn. Each of you can lower the water level by exactly 1, 3, or 4 stories at a time.?

Whoever gets the level exactly to 0 on their turn will win this deadly duel.

但是這個(gè) AI 知道你在這，它也能通過(guò)用實(shí)驗(yàn)室底部的 活板門(mén)抽水，讓水位降低。

如果 NIM 把水位降低到了 0，你就會(huì)被吸出實(shí)驗(yàn)室，從而導(dǎo)致任務(wù)失敗。

你和 NIM 輪流排水，誰(shuí)也不可以跳過(guò)任何一輪。

你們倆每輪可以把水位降低剛好 1 層，3 層或 4 層。

誰(shuí)在輪到自己時(shí)把水位降到了 0誰(shuí)就是這生死之戰(zhàn)的贏家。

Note that neither of you can lower the water below 0; if the water level is at 2, then the only move is to lower the water level 1 story.?

You know that NIM has already computed all possible outcomes of the contest, and will play in a way that maximizes its chance of success.

You go first.

How can you survive and shut off the artificial intelligence??

Pause here if you want to figure it out for yourself.?

Answer in: 3?

Answer in: 2

Answer in: 1

注意，你們倆誰(shuí)都不能讓 水位降到 0 以下；假如水位在 2，那你們就一次只能讓水位降 1 層。

你知道 NIM 已經(jīng)計(jì)算出了 這場(chǎng)比賽的所有可能結(jié)果，而且它會(huì)選擇以能讓它自己 贏的可能性最大化的方式來(lái)玩。

你先出招。

你要怎樣才可以存活下來(lái) 并終結(jié)這個(gè)人工智能呢？

如果你想自己想想的話(huà)， 請(qǐng)?jiān)谶@里暫停。

答案揭曉倒計(jì)時(shí)：3

答案揭曉倒計(jì)時(shí)：2

答案揭曉倒計(jì)時(shí)：1

You can’t leave anything up to chance - NIM will take any advantage it can get.?

And you’ll need to have a response to any possible move it makes.?

The trick here is to start from where you want to end and work backwards.?

You want to be the one to lower the water level to 0, which means you need the water level to be at 1, 3, or 4 when control switches to you.

If the water level were at 2, your only option would be to lower it 1 story, which would lead to NIM making the winning move.?

If we color code the water levels, we can see a simple principle at play: there are “l(fā)osing” levels like 2, where no matter what whoever starts their turn there does, they’ll lose.?

And there are winning levels, where whoever starts their turn there can either win or leave their opponent with a losing level.

你不可以把任何一步交給命運(yùn)—— NIM 會(huì)利用任何潛在優(yōu)勢(shì)。

你得準(zhǔn)備好應(yīng)對(duì) NIM 所有招數(shù)的措施。

這里的技巧是從理想結(jié)局開(kāi)始進(jìn)行倒推。

你想成為那個(gè)把水位降到 0 的人，意味著你需要水位在輪到你時(shí)在 1，3 或 4 的位置。

如果水位當(dāng)時(shí)在 2 的位置，你唯一的選擇便會(huì)是讓水位降低 1 層，這就會(huì)讓 NIM 獲勝。

如果我們用顏色標(biāo)記一下這些水位，我們就會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)玩這個(gè)游戲的一個(gè)簡(jiǎn)單原則：游戲里存在一些“必輸”層，比如第 2 層，一旦輪到那一層，無(wú)論是誰(shuí)都必輸無(wú)疑。

游戲里也存在一些必勝層， 無(wú)論是誰(shuí)輪到那些層誰(shuí)都能贏或是把他們的對(duì)手逼到必輸層。

So not only are 1, 3, and 4 winning levels, but so are 5 and 6, since you can send your opponent to 2 from there.

What about 7?

From 7, all possible moves would send your opponent to a winning level, making this another losing level.?

And we can continue up the lab in this way.?

If you start your turn 1, 3, or 4 levels above a losing level, then you’re at a winning level.?

Otherwise, you’re destined to lose.

所以不只是 1，3 和 4是必勝層，5 和 6 也是，因?yàn)閺哪切┪恢媚憧梢?把你的對(duì)手送到第 2 層。

那么第 7 層是什么情況呢？

到了第 7 層，所有可能的移動(dòng) 都會(huì)把你的對(duì)手送到必勝層，所以這又是一個(gè)必輸層。

我們可以繼續(xù)這樣往上推理。如果輪到你時(shí)你在一個(gè)必輸層的上面 1，3 或 4 層的位置，那你就位于一個(gè)必勝層。

否則，你必輸無(wú)疑。

You could continue like this all the way to level 25.?

But as a shortcut, you might notice that levels 8 through 11 are colored identically to 1 through 4.

Since a level’s color is determined by the levels 1, 3, and 4 stories below it, this means that level 12 will be the same color as level 5, 13 will match 6, 14 will match 7, and so on, In particular, the losing levels will always be multiple of 7, and two greater than multiples of 7.

你可以像這樣一路推理到第 25 層。

不過(guò)還有一條捷徑，你可能注意到了，第 8 到 11 層和 第 1 到 4 層的顏色是一樣的。

由于層級(jí)的顏色取決于 位于它下面 1，3 或 4 層的顏色，所以第 12 層的顏色會(huì)和第 5 層的顏色一樣，13 會(huì)和 6 一樣，14 會(huì)和 7 一樣，以此類(lèi)推，必輸層的層數(shù)永遠(yuǎn)會(huì)是 7 的倍數(shù)，以及比 7 的倍數(shù)大 2 的數(shù)。

Now, from your original starting level of 25, you have to make sure your opponent starts on a losing level every single turn— if NIM starts on a winning level even once, it’s game over for you.?

So your only choice on turn 1 is to lower the water level by 4 stories.

No matter what the AI does, you can continue giving it losing levels until you reach 0 and trigger the manual override.?

And with that, the crisis is averted.?

Now, back to a less stressful kind of surfing.

現(xiàn)在，從你的出發(fā)點(diǎn) 25 層起，你得確保你的對(duì)手在任何一局中 都位于必輸層——因?yàn)橐坏?NIM 處于必勝層，哪怕是一次，你就完了。

所以在第一輪時(shí)你唯一的選擇 就是讓水位降低 4 層。

這樣無(wú)論 AI 怎么做，你都可以把必輸層推給它直到你到達(dá)第 0 層， 啟動(dòng)手動(dòng)操作裝置。

這樣危機(jī)就解除了。

現(xiàn)在，回到一種 更輕松的沖浪里吧（即上網(wǎng)）。