約克郡谷地國家公園 文斯利代爾 啊，英格蘭北部約克郡谷地國家公園的田園風(fēng)光。杜威的早晨，放牧的家畜，手工建造的干石墻，還有…奶酪?如果你是深受喜愛的英國動畫《超級無敵狗狗》(Wallace & Gromit)的粉絲，那么你可能第一次聽說約克郡的文斯利代爾(Wensleydale)，是因為那里有當(dāng)?shù)氐哪汤?。事實上，這對動畫二人組對當(dāng)?shù)啬榈南矏凼浅隽嗣摹A萊士喜歡凝乳，因為制片人認(rèn)為這會讓他的臉看起來“漂亮而有牙齒”——變得如此廣泛，幫助文斯利代爾奶酪制造商避免了破產(chǎn)。除了奶酪，文斯利代爾和周圍的約克郡谷地國家公園的另一種主要建筑是5000英里長的干石墻，幾個世紀(jì)以來，它們在這片土地上縱橫交錯。這些墻是農(nóng)民建造的，用來劃定邊界，澄清土地所有權(quán)，更實際的是，用來防止牛羊走散。這些墻被認(rèn)為是“干燥的”，因為它們沒有用砂漿將石頭粘合在一起。較大的石頭構(gòu)成了墻體的基礎(chǔ)，在這些基礎(chǔ)上，較小的石頭堆疊形成兩個平行的墻面，同時建造。然后用更多的石頭填充兩面墻之間的空隙，剩下的部分由重力來完成。雖然這聽起來很脆弱，但一堵建造良好的干石墻至少可以使用100年。

原文:

Ahh, the pastoral countryside of the Yorkshire Dales in Northern England. Dewey mornings, grazing farm animals, hand-built dry stone walls, and…cheese? Well, if you're a fan of the beloved British claymation series 'Wallace & Gromit,' then you may have first heard of this area of the Yorkshires, Wensleydale, because of its local cheese. In fact, the animated duo's notorious affinity for the local curd--which Wallace likes because producers thought it makes his face look 'nice and toothy'—became so widespread that it helped the Wensleydale cheesemakers stave off bankruptcy.Cheese aside, another staple of Wensleydale, and the surrounding Yorkshire Dales National Park, are the 5,000 miles of dry stone walls that have crisscrossed the landscape for centuries. The walls were built by farmers to delineate boundaries, clarify land ownership, and more practically, to keep their cows and sheep from wandering off. The walls are considered 'dry' because they were built with no mortar to bind the stones together. Larger stones form a base for the wall, upon which smaller stones are stacked to create two parallel wall faces, constructed simultaneously. More stones are then used to fill in the gap between the two wall faces, with gravity doing the rest. While that may sound flimsy, a well-constructed dry stone wall can last at least 100 years.

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