疫情下中國的“餐桌革命”：你愿意用公筷嗎？

Virus Threatens Chinese Traditions of Chopsticks

?and Family-Style Meals

At Chilli Kitchen in Beijing,?spicy and mouth-numbing?Sichuan dishes are?laid out?family style. Using red chopsticks,?diners dive into?steaming bowls of pork won tons bathed in fragrant chili oil and sesame seeds, and?rummage?through platters filled with dried red chili peppers to?unearth?juicy bits of roasted fish.

在北京的椒小廚餐館，麻辣的川菜按照家中上菜的方式擺放。就餐者用紅色筷子從熱氣騰騰的碗里夾起泡在香噴噴的辣椒油和芝麻里的豬肉抄手，在全是干辣椒的盤子里翻找多汁的烤魚。

Sharing food is a central feature of how Chinese people, like many elsewhere in the world, convey affection. Parents pick up?choice morsels?and place them in their children’s bowls as an expression of love; children?serve?their grandparents to show their respect; and bosses do it as a gesture of magnanimity toward their employees.

和世界其他地方一樣，分享食物是中國人傳遞情感的重要特征。父母夾起精心挑選的小塊食物放在孩子的碗里，作為愛的表達；孩子們給祖父母夾菜以示尊敬；老板給員工夾菜是慷慨的姿態(tài)。

Now, concerns are growing that the country’s long tradition of sharing food could also accelerate the spread of the coronavirus. The government has?zeroed in on?a ubiquitous utensil: chopsticks.

現(xiàn)在，人們越來越擔(dān)心，中國分享食物的悠久傳統(tǒng)也可能加速新冠病毒的傳播。政府瞄準了一個無處不在的器具：筷子。

1.?Spicy and mouth-numbing 麻辣的

spicy = hot = 辣 / mouth-numbing?麻

2.?Be laid out 被擺放出來了

family?style?（補語）家庭式的

3.?Diner?dive?into用餐者用筷子插進去

4.?Be bathed in xxx?浸在什么里面

5.?Rummage?through?something?=從什么里面翻找

6. To?unearth?something?=把什么找出來（to?unearth?juicy?bits?of?roasted?fish在盆里挖烤魚）

7.?A central feature = a defining feature

8.?How/ what?引出的表達，翻成中文時用名詞來處理

EX: ?我們的經(jīng)驗和教訓(xùn) =?what?we have learned positive and otherwise

我們?nèi)〉玫某删?= what we?have?achieved

經(jīng)商的方式 = how?we?do?business

Where?

EX: Where?we?are?and?where?we?need?to?be?in China-US relation.?= 如何評價中美關(guān)系的現(xiàn)狀和前景

9.?Choice morsels

Choice 精心挑選的 = select ?ex: a select package

Something of choice = 首選的東西?

EX: They?are our supplier of choice = 他們是我們首選的供應(yīng)商

Morsel?= 小塊的東西

10.?Serve?somebody = 給誰上什么

Serve?something?= 上什么

EX: 翠花兒,?serve?the?酸菜 （pickled?veggie）

11.?Magnanimity = 慷慨的姿態(tài)，關(guān)愛的姿態(tài)，寬宏大量（在哲學(xué)層面上多）

12.?漢翻英的時候能不用people就不用people，沒檔次

13.?Concerns are growing that the country’s long tradition of sharing food could also accelerate the spread of the coronavirus.

韓老師改寫：Concerns are growing about how the country’s long traditions could accelerate the spread of the virus.

14.?Zero?in?on?= pinpoint?on?= focus?瞄準、定位

State news agencies are calling it a?“dining table revolution.”?Dr. Zhong Nanshan and Dr. Zhang Wenhong,?outspokeninfectious disease experts?who have become celebrities since the start of the outbreak, have?voiced?their support. The authorities across the country are?running?advertisements with slogans like: “The distance between you and civilized dining is just one pair of serving chopsticks.”

官方的新聞機構(gòu)稱其為“餐桌革命”。鐘南山博士和張文宏博士都是直言不諱的傳染病專家，自疫情暴發(fā)以來已成為名人，他們也表示了支持。全國各地的政府部門都在打出這樣的標語：“你和文明飲食的距離，差一雙公筷?！?/p>

Some restaurants and diners have?heeded the call.?They are offering discounts to diners who use serving chopsticks. In the eastern Chinese city of Hangzhou, more than 100?prominent restaurants?have formed a “Serving Chopsticks Alliance.”

一些餐館和就餐者已經(jīng)響應(yīng)了這一號召。他們?yōu)槭褂霉甑念櫩吞峁┱劭?。在中國東部城市杭州，100多家餐飲名店組成了“公筷聯(lián)盟”。

Still, resistance is strong. Many see sharing food with one’s own chopsticks as among the most?authentic?expressions of China’s?communal culture?and emphasis on family,?no less?integral?than?hugging is to Americans or the cheek kiss is to the French. Serving chopsticks are typically associated with formal settings, like banquets and meals with strangers.

盡管如此，阻力仍然很大。許多人認為，用自己的筷子分享食物是中國社會文化（社區(qū)型、共有型文化）和重視家庭的真實表達方式之一，就像擁抱對美國人或親吻臉頰對法國人一樣不可或缺。公筷通常與正式場合聯(lián)系在一起，比如宴會，以及同陌生人吃飯。

1.?Dining?table?revolution?=

2.?infectious disease = Communicable disease ?

3.?NCD = non communicable disease?非傳染性疾病

4.?Internet?celebrity= (internet)??influenza?= 網(wǎng)紅 = KOL?(key opinion leader)

5.?Voice their support to = 支持什么東西

6.?Run?靈活的小詞，記住它

Run?advertisement =刊登廣告/?發(fā)布廣告

Run?a?trade?surplus?貿(mào)易順差

Run?a?trade?deficit?貿(mào)易逆差

I?have?to run 5 tests on you. 我要給你做5個檢查

7.?civilized dining = 文明飲食

8.?serving?chopsticks?= 公筷

9.?heeded the call =?響應(yīng)號召

heed?=?對……作出回應(yīng)，就是不光知道號召了，還作出了行動

response?to?the?call 也沒錯，就是有點沒檔次

10.?餐飲名店?= prominent restaurants

11.?這里的Authentic = true?= genuine， 但正宗只能用authentic?

12.?Communal?culture?社區(qū)文化，集體文化，共有文化

Collective?community

13.?No?less?than?至少也是 as?……as

No?less integral than … = as integral as … (否定比較)

14.?Typically?= 通常 = normally = usually?

A small, recent experiment by government experts who found that the level of bacteria in dishes for which serving chopsticks were used was as little as 0.4 percent the level of dishes shared in the regular fashion.

不管怎樣，政府專家最近做了一個小實驗，發(fā)現(xiàn)使用公筷的情況下，盤子里的細菌含量只有正常使用筷子情況下的0.4%。

Sharing food with family and friends is just as deeply ingrained, and serving chopsticks are sometimes seen as undermining that expression of?closeness. Just asking for the extra utensils can be awkward because it could imply that you think your?fellow diners?might be unwell.

與家人和朋友分享食物是一種根深蒂固的習(xí)慣，公筷有時被認為會破壞這種親密的表達。僅僅是要求額外的餐具就已經(jīng)顯得很尷尬，因為這可能意味著你覺得共餐者可能不健康。

But unless a specific?law is enacted, changing habits will be an?uphill battle, particularly outside of the big cities.

但是，除非制定具體法律，否則改變習(xí)慣將是一場艱苦的戰(zhàn)斗，尤其是在大城市之外的地方。

1.?As little as / as high as/ as low as 這種表述要學(xué)會

2.?英文中百分比用?percent，一般不寫%這個符號

3.?Be deeply ingrained = 根深蒂固的 = be?entrenched

4.?A be seen as B

A?be seen as doing

5.?Closeness = intimacy 親密關(guān)系

6.?Fellow diner =共餐者

Fellow?這個詞可以體現(xiàn)你的牛逼

EX：will providing fellow countries with assistance = 為其他國家提供幫助

Fellow?有同級、伙伴、一伙的概念，一視同仁

Fellow?countrymen?= 我的國民們

7.?Unless = 除非

8.?制定 這個動詞要一個蘿卜一個坑，要看制定什么

制定法律 enact?laws?= make?laws

實施法律 enforce?laws

執(zhí)法者 law?enforcement?personnel

9.?Fight?an?uphill?battle?= an uphill battle to fight 打硬仗（形容任務(wù)艱巨也??）

We?have an uphill battle to fight. 我們要打一場硬仗

從山腳打到山頭的仗