歡迎閱讀這篇文章！本次帶來的是JA37 C"截擊雷"。

本文約11000字（詞）。

正文如下：

所屬國家：瑞典????

權重：10.7（街機） 11.0（歷史） 11.0（全真）

等級：VII

所屬類別：戰(zhàn)斗機 ?噴氣式戰(zhàn)斗機

所需研發(fā)點：390000

飛機價格：1060000銀獅

概述

The?JA37C Jaktviggen?is a rank VII Swedish jet fighter with a battle rating of 10.7 (AB) and 11.0 (RB/SB). It was introduced in?Update "Direct Hit".

JA37C“截擊雷”是一架七級瑞典噴氣式戰(zhàn)斗機，權重為10.7（街機）和11.0（歷史/全真）。她登場于“直接命中”版本。

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基本信息

飛行性能

減速板:?放下特殊襟翼來大幅降低飛行速度

最大速度：在?9 000?米高度?1 998?千米/時

回轉時間25?秒

最高海拔12 500?米

瑞典航空發(fā)動機有限公司?RM8B

冷卻系統(tǒng)：風冷

起飛重量19?噸

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The JA37C, being primarily a fighter-interceptor, is not equipped with any armour plating. Fuel tanks comprise much of the fuselage and wing area, and a fire will usually mean death. The elevons on the wing handle both elevator pitch and roll, so losing even 1 will make the plane nearly uncontrollable. Avoid damage at all costs, as even a damaged non-critical component will likely cause drag, making flight performance worse. As with most top tier fighters, it becomes much more challenging to fly with even a slight amount of damage compared to lower tier planes.

JA37C主要扮演著戰(zhàn)斗攔截機的角色，它沒有任何裝甲保護。油箱遍布于機身和機翼的大部分區(qū)域，一旦著火也差不多就寄了。機翼上的升降副翼同時控制升降舵的俯仰和滾轉，因此即使失去一片副翼也會使飛機變得很難控制。不惜一切代價避免受損，因為即使是損壞非關鍵部件也可能會增加飛行阻力，從而惡化飛機的飛行性能。與大多數(shù)頂級戰(zhàn)斗機一樣，與低級飛機相比，擦破點皮也會要了飛機的老命。

詳情

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發(fā)動機能力

生存性與裝甲

成員組1人

解體速度：620 千米每小時（起落架）

The JA37C, being primarily a fighter-interceptor, is not equipped with any armour plating. Fuel tanks comprise much of the fuselage and wing area, and a fire will usually mean death. The elevons on the wing handle both elevator pitch and roll, so losing even 1 will make the plane nearly uncontrollable. Avoid damage at all costs, as even a damaged non-critical component will likely cause drag, making flight performance worse. As with most top tier fighters, it becomes much more challenging to fly with even a slight amount of damage compared to lower tier planes.

JA37C主要扮演著戰(zhàn)斗攔截機的角色，他沒有任何裝甲保護。油箱遍布與機身和機翼的大部分區(qū)域，一旦著火也差不多就寄了。機翼上的升降副翼同時處理升降舵的俯仰和滾轉，因此即使失去一片副翼也會使飛機變得很難控制。不惜一切代價避免受損，因為即使是損壞非關鍵部件也可能會增加飛行阻力，從而惡化飛機的飛行性能。與大多數(shù)頂級戰(zhàn)斗機一樣，與低級飛機相比，擦破點皮也會要了飛機的老命。

改裝件與經(jīng)濟

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改裝件

武裝

進攻武器

JA37C可裝備?:

·?以下兩種配置二選一:

·?1 x 30 mm?阿登?m/75?機炮,?機腹安裝?(150?發(fā)備彈)

·?1 x 30 mm?阿登?m/75?機炮?+ 48 x?大口徑對抗干擾物

掛載武器

JA37C可以選擇以下武裝方案 :

· 無掛載

· 2 x RB24J 導彈

· 6 x RB24 導彈

· 6 x RB24J 導彈

· 2 x RB71格斗型 導彈

· 24 x m/70 破甲火箭彈

?自定義掛載

BVVD教你開飛機?

The Viggen is a simple and effective plane to use in realistic battles. You will notice on take-off it is a bit sluggish and won't accelerate very well, as it is heavy, but once you're above 700 km/h the thrust and aerodynamics help you accelerate better from here. The Viggen performs better compared to most fighters at lower altitudes (3,000 m and below) in terms of manoeuvrability and top speed. Taking advantage of your top speed, Pulse-Doppler radar and Skyflash missiles, you can be aggressive and hit the battle early and at low level to take out any attackers using your useful radar set with your SARH missiles.

If you want to be more conservative, you can hang with your team and go around the side. The Viggen has very high rip speeds, getting some altitude and coming into the fight at a supersonic dive can be very effective if you maintain your speed trying to find targets for your Skyflash missiles. If in a head-on, the Skyflash can hit targets about 6 km away at sea level if they don't change direction. It is usually very effective and hard to dodge the agile Skyflash if launched in a head-on at around 3km. The motor will still be burning and your missile will maintain energy to the target. If in Pulse-Doppler mode, the radar will no longer track a target if it starts to turn at a 90 degree angle (this is called beaming). The radar will lose lock and the missile will be unable to track if this happens. If you have enough time, you can potentially switch to the AIM-9J to try to get a lock behind the target from here, though keep in mind your enemy's countermeasures. In a last resort, you can use the gun, essentially an Aden, it hits hard, but it is very hard to aim due to its placement (under the fuselage) and the lack of tracers.

Try to stay out of any extended dogfight, especially if your opponent has any support. Though it is considerably manoeuvrable at all speeds, the Viggen won't do well in any dogfight with sustained turns, as it will just bleed too much energy and being too slow is almost certainly fatal. It is heavy, slow to accelerate and a big target. So get fast, and stay fast. Bringing a full tank of fuel is generally recommended as the Viggen's afterburner uses incredible amounts of fuel, though the engine is quite strong in a climb.

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“截擊雷“在歷史模式下的打法可謂是簡單粗暴。你會注意“截擊雷”在起飛時略顯遲鈍，加速較慢，這是因為它自身很重，但是一旦你的速度超過700公里/小時，發(fā)動機推力和空氣動力學可以讓你的加速度更上一層樓。與大多數(shù)低空（3，000米及以下）戰(zhàn)斗機相比，“截擊雷”在機動性和最高速度方面表現(xiàn)更好。利用你的頂尖速度，脈沖多普勒雷達和“天空閃光”導彈，你可以在戰(zhàn)斗初期采取攻勢并打得激進些。在班長房則用你的多普勒雷達和半主動雷達制導導彈橄欖一切敵人。

如果你想打得保守一點兒，你可以和你的隊友一起行動，然后到側翼迂回?！敖負衾住钡穆右u速度非常高，如果你保持高速同時用“天空閃光”來尋找目標，那么爬高些并超音速俯沖接戰(zhàn)將是非常高效的殲敵手段。如果迎面發(fā)射且被鎖定方不改變航向，“天空閃光“可以擊中海平面約6公里外的目標。如果在大約3公里處迎面發(fā)射“天空閃光“，那被鎖定的倒霉蛋基本上是寄了。發(fā)動機仍將會持續(xù)出力，用以保證導彈命中目標所需的能量。當雷達處于脈沖多普勒模式時，如果目標開始以90度角機動，雷達將不再跟蹤目標（這稱為波束發(fā)射）。這種情況下，雷達無法鎖定目標，“天空閃光”導彈也無法跟蹤。如果你有足夠的時間，你可以切換到AIM-9J，試著看能否鎖定目標，但也要明白敵人的反制措施。在萬不得已的情況下，你可以使用自帶的阿登機炮進行格斗，它的殺傷效果很好，但是由于它的位置（在機身下方）且缺乏曳光彈，因此很難瞄準。

盡量避免長時間的混戰(zhàn)，特別是如果你的對手有隊友支援。雖然它在所有速度段下的可操作性都不錯，但“截擊雷”轉彎掉速嚴重，而且速度慢下來就容易被做掉。“截擊雷”的機體很重，加速又慢，可以說是一個大靶子。所以盡量快些提速并保持高速。盡管“截擊雷”的發(fā)動機在爬升階段很給力，但它的加力燃燒室是個吃油鬼，所以一般情況下建議帶滿油。

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Pros and cons

Pros:

·?High top speed of mach 1.21 at sea level（海平面最高速度可達1.21馬赫）

·?Competitive turning rate（回轉率優(yōu)秀）

·?Agile with responsive elevons at higher speeds and a large rudder（高速狀態(tài)下升降副翼和方向舵反應靈敏）

·?Moderately heavy air-to-air payload; able to carry up to six under-wing missiles and has an internally mounted 30mm cannon（空對空荷載較高：可在機翼下方攜帶最多6枚導彈，在機腹內(nèi)攜帶一門30毫米機炮）

·?Can carry a respectable amount of countermeasures（可攜帶大量對抗干擾物）

·?Comfortable to land thanks to a low stall speed, strong landing gear, and the ability to reverse the engine's thrust（得益于較低的失速速度，起落架強度較高以及發(fā)動機矢量推力可反轉，JA37C降落起來會比較舒服）

·?Potent radar set with access to both Pulse-Doppler and track-while-scan modes, with a lengthy search range（強而有力的雷達，掃描面積非常廣，并同時擁有脈沖多普勒模式和擁有搜索并鎖定模式）

·?Access to the deadly?RB71?semi-active radar missile which can out-turn the RB24J's on paper（可使用致命的RB71半主動雷達制導導彈，它在紙面能力上能甩開RB24J一條街）

Cons:

·?Extremely poor energy retention during sustained turns, only made worse by its acceleration at low speeds（穩(wěn)盤時掉能量很快，在低速加速轉彎時表現(xiàn)尤甚）

·?Fuel-thirsty afterburner（開加力耗油特別快）

·?Lackluster performance at mid-to-low subsonic speeds and mediocre acceleration（在低速中速（亞音速）和中等加速度的狀態(tài)時表現(xiàn)很差）

·?Weak airbrakes（減速板一吹就折）

·?Low ammo count for the 30mm cannon, which also completely lacks tracers in any of it's belts（30mm機炮備彈數(shù)量很少，而且沒有曳光彈）

·?Unconventional flaps which are mostly only useful during landings（著陸襟翼真的只能在著陸時用）

歷史

背景

During the 1960s, advances in technology occurred rapidly alongside the aviation industry, paving the way for more complex and capable designs. In order to keep up with the rest of the industry, SAAB had to develop aircraft at a constant pace, often coming up with replacements before the predecessor had even entered service. The SAAB Viggen was sought to be the replacement for the A32A and was being considered as early as 1952. The decision of whether to make a fighter or attacker design continued for years. By the end of the '50s, project 1500 started to show potential, with a delta wing design capable of performing multiple roles through different versions. The wing design would allow for short-distance take-off and landings, following the BAS60 roadbase system requirements. These also included all-weather capability and full coverage of the 2,000 km Swedish coastline.

The 37-1 prototype took to the skies in February of 1967. The design still had to go through extensive modifying before the plane could reach the production line. The canards were angled, the wing adjusted, and the fuselage bent slightly. Much of the unorthodox appearance of the Viggen arrived from the extensive testing done on the first prototypes. When finalized, an order of AJ37 Viggens was handed over to F7 Skaraborg, becoming the first division utilizing the aircraft.

在20世紀60年代，迅速發(fā)展的航空工業(yè)和科技，為更復雜更強大的設計方案鋪平了道路。為了跟上業(yè)內(nèi)其他公司的步伐，薩博不得不以恒定的速度開發(fā)飛機，經(jīng)常上一代飛機前腳剛服役，后續(xù)產(chǎn)品就推出了。薩博的"雷"是設計用來替代A32A的，早在1952年這一方案便被納入了考量。但究竟是設計為戰(zhàn)斗機還是攻擊機討論了數(shù)年。50年代末，1500項目開始顯示出潛力，三角翼的設計布局能夠根據(jù)不同的變種執(zhí)行多種任務。三角翼設計允許短距離起飛和降落，符合BAS60道路基礎系統(tǒng)的要求。"雷"還具備全天候作戰(zhàn)能力和全面覆蓋2000公里瑞典海岸線的續(xù)航。

37-1原型機于1967年2月首飛。在飛機抵達生產(chǎn)線之前，設計方案還必須經(jīng)過大量的修改。鴨翼傾斜，機翼調整，機身輕微彎曲。"雷"的許多非傳統(tǒng)外觀都來自于對第一批原型機所做的大量測試。最終確定后，第一架AJ37"雷"被交付給了F7 skarborg。它成為第一個使用"雷"的師。

JA37

With the Viggen successfully replacing ageing attack and reconnaissance aircraft, the focus shifted towards the replacement of the J35 Draken. This required extensive modifying of the Viggen as a whole, as the requirements for an interceptor wouldn't be met with the powerplant and avionics used in the already existing variants. The project was extensive, redesigning most areas of the plane to fit these specifications. SAAB had to fit an internal gun, an air-to-air radar, and a new flight computer which allowed a real-time data-feed between ground stations and flight groups. One of the more complicated adjustments was the powerplant, where the engineers had to install an additional fan stage. This helped counteract the compressor stall the RM8 engine often experienced at high angles of attack, allowing the JA37 to dogfight more comfortably. These modifications were expensive, exceeding the set budget several times. But SAAB pressed on with the design until the version was fully developed.

隨著“雷”成功取代老化的攻擊機和偵察機，重點轉移到J35“龍”的替換上。這需要廣泛修改"雷"的整體，因為現(xiàn)有的截擊機所有的改型使用的動力裝置和航空電子設備均無法滿足現(xiàn)實要求。這個項目改動十分巨大，為了滿足軍隊的需求，其重新設計了飛機的大部分區(qū)域。薩博必須內(nèi)置一門機炮，一個空空雷達，以及一個新的飛行計算機，以便在地面站和飛行組之間進行實時數(shù)據(jù)傳輸。其中一個比較復雜的調整是在動力裝置方面，工程師必須在那里額外安裝一個風扇。這有助于抵消飛機時常經(jīng)歷大迎角時引起的RM8發(fā)動機在壓縮機相對風力不足而引起的失速，以此讓JA37可以更舒適地進行空戰(zhàn)。這些修改價格高昂，幾倍于既定預算。但薩博公司堅持繼續(xù)研發(fā)設計，直到該版本被完全開發(fā)出來。

The first completed JA37 flew on November 4th, 1977. The first service variants were delivered to F13 Br?valla in June of 1980, while F17 Blekinge and F21 Lule? received theirs in 1981 and 1982 respectively. The JA37 would go on to be the most produced variant of the Viggen, with 147 aircraft delivered between eight different divisions. The JA37 was highly appreciated by those who flew it, and saw many modifications that extended its lifespan.

第一架JA37在1977年11月4日首飛。第一種現(xiàn)役改型在1980年6月被交付給了F13 Br?valla，F(xiàn)17 Blekinge和F21 Lule?分別在1981年和1982年也接受了它們。JA37將繼續(xù)成為“雷”生產(chǎn)最多的改型，在8個不同的師當中交付147架飛機。JA37受到了她的飛行員的高度贊賞，許多改進延長了它的服役壽命。

?JA37C

As the 80s came to an end, the Viggen platform began to require an overhaul to bring the capabilities closer to that of other countries. The Gripen project was still years away from being completed, so an upgrade program began that would involve all JA37 in continued service being upgraded to the JA37C standard. This package introduced countermeasures, and a new signal processor, allowing the radar to track more efficiently against enemy jamming. The radar could now follow multiple targets simultaneously and also display virtual targets to enhance pilot training. This variant of the JA37 would see use up until the end of the decade, still being a capable platform for its time.

?80年代結束后，"雷"需要升級大改，以使其能力接近其他國家的飛機水平。“鷹獅”項目距離完成還有數(shù)年時間，因此一項升級計劃開始了，包括將所有正在服役的JA37升級到JA37C標準。這套升級包引入了對抗措施和一個新的信號處理器，使雷達能夠更有效地跟蹤敵人的干擾。雷達現(xiàn)在可以同時跟蹤多個目標，也可以顯示虛擬目標以加強飛行員訓練。這種改型的JA37可以再戰(zhàn)十年，并且在它的時代仍是一個相當具有升級改裝潛力的平臺。

研發(fā)歷程

The requirements for a new aircraft with very high performance to replace the SAAB 35 Draken emerged in the early 1960s. In 1962, the design team of the SAAB company prepared a draft design of the SAAB 37 aircraft, built according to an exotic double delta wing. The project seemed interesting for military authorities , and SAAB received funding to fully develop a new fighter in four basic configurations. The last and most advanced version was the SAAB JA37 Jaktviggen fighter-interceptor, the development of which continued until the mid-1970s, which was associated with the improvement of the engine and the development of modern electronic equipment. The first flight of the experimental JA37 interceptor fighter took place in June 1974, and in 1979 the fighter began to be supplied for service. Until 1990, 149 JA37 Jaktviggen units were produced. The specific appearance made the aircraft of the J37 family a "calling card" of the Royal Swedish Air Force for a long time.

瑞典空軍在20世紀60年代早期提出設計一款高性能的新飛機，以取代薩博35?“龍”。1962年，薩博公司的設計團隊準備了一份薩博37飛機的設計草案，一架頗具異國情調的雙三角翼飛機。該項目似乎引起了軍事當局的興趣，薩博公司得到了軍方撥款，以全面開發(fā)一種具有四種基本配置的新型戰(zhàn)斗機?！袄住毕盗械淖詈笠环N也是最先進的型號是薩博?JA37?“截擊雷”戰(zhàn)斗截擊機，它的發(fā)展一直持續(xù)到1970年代中期，這與發(fā)動機的改進和現(xiàn)代電子設備的發(fā)展有關。試驗型JA37戰(zhàn)斗截擊機首飛于1974年6月，并在1979年進入軍隊服役。截止到1990年，共計生產(chǎn)了149架JA37?“雷”。這種特殊的外觀，使J37家族的飛機在很長一段時間內(nèi)成為瑞典皇家空軍的“名片”。

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