獵豹是獵豹屬的唯一幸存物種。
獵豹的腳印有可見的爪尖，更像是狗的腳印，而不是典型的貓的腳印。
與其他哺乳動(dòng)物相比，獵豹的遺傳變異水平非常低，因此它們?nèi)菀赘腥炯膊?。這種遺傳相似性可能是由于大約 10,000 年前發(fā)生的人口嚴(yán)重減少或瓶頸所致。

Cheetah

1. The cheetah is the single surviving species of the genus Acinonyx.

2. A cheetah's footprints have claw tips visible, more like a dog's than like a typical cat's print.

3. Cheetahs have very low levels of genetic variation compared to other mammals, making them susceptible to disease. This genetic similarity may have developed due to of a severe population reduction, or bottleneck, that occurred about 10,000 years ago.

? ?Class: ? ?Mammalia ? ? ? ?
? ? ? ?Order: ? ?Carnivora ? ? ? ?
? ? ? ?Family: ? ?Felidae ? ? ? ?
? ? ? ?Genus and Species: ? ?Acinonyx jubatus?

獵豹
類別：哺乳動(dòng)物
訂單：食肉目
科：貓科
屬和種：Acinonyx jubatus

Cheetah

A cheetah's slender body is built for speed. Accelerating from zero to 45 in just 2.5 seconds, it is the fastest land mammal?and can reach top speeds of 60 to 70 mph (69 to 112 kilometers per hour). Cheetahs inhabit the African savanna?but are vulnerable to extinction due to loss of habitat and limited genetic diversity.

獵豹纖細(xì)的身體是為速度而生的。它在短短 2.5 秒內(nèi)從零加速到 45 秒，是最快的陸地哺乳動(dòng)物，最高時(shí)速可達(dá) 60 至 70 英里/小時(shí)（69 至 112 公里/小時(shí)）。獵豹棲息在非洲大草原，但由于棲息地喪失和遺傳多樣性有限，它們很容易滅絕。

身體描述

獵豹的身體修長，腿長，爪子鈍，半伸縮。他們的頭很小，眼睛很高。黑色淚痕從每只眼睛的內(nèi)角一直延伸到嘴巴。與其他大型貓科動(dòng)物相比，獵豹的牙齒較小，可以容納較大的鼻腔，可以快速吸入空氣。

成蟲有黃色或棕褐色短而粗糙的皮毛，帶有直徑為 0.75 至 1.5 英寸（1.9 至 3.8 厘米）的純黑色圓形或橢圓形斑點(diǎn)。斑點(diǎn)幾乎覆蓋整個(gè)身體；只有白色的喉嚨和腹部沒有標(biāo)記。尾巴末端有四到六個(gè)黑色環(huán)和濃密的白色或黑色簇。

獵豹的斑點(diǎn)可以作為狩獵和隱藏的偽裝。它們的斑點(diǎn)可能會(huì)抵消它們經(jīng)常棲息的灰色草叢中的陰影，使它們能夠與周圍環(huán)境融為一體。偽裝不僅對于跟蹤獵物至關(guān)重要，而且對于保護(hù)獵豹幼崽免受捕食者的侵害也是必不可少的。獵豹幼崽的煙灰色披風(fēng)可以在枯草中起到額外的偽裝作用。就像人類的指紋一樣，獵豹的斑點(diǎn)和尾巴的環(huán)紋是獨(dú)一無二的，使該領(lǐng)域的研究人員能夠識(shí)別個(gè)體。

獵豹是為速度而設(shè)計(jì)的，是速度最快的陸地哺乳動(dòng)物。他們以最高速度單步前進(jìn) 23 英尺（7 米），每秒完成四步。最高速度平均在每小時(shí) 60 到 70 英里（每小時(shí) 96 到 112 公里）之間，并且只能保持大約 300 碼（274 米）。獵豹可以在 2.5 秒內(nèi)從零加速到每小時(shí) 45 英里（每小時(shí)零到 72 公里）。沒有其他陸地哺乳動(dòng)物能超越它們的短距離沖刺。

特殊的爪墊和半伸縮爪提供強(qiáng)大的牽引力。大鼻孔和肺部提供快速進(jìn)氣，使獵豹在奔跑和窒息獵物時(shí)更容易呼吸。一個(gè)大的肝臟、心臟和腎上腺有助于快速的身體反應(yīng)。靈緹犬般的身體在輕巧的骨骼上呈流線型。獵豹有小的鎖骨和垂直的肩胛骨，它們不附著在鎖骨上，以及在靈活的脊柱上旋轉(zhuǎn)的臀部。這些結(jié)構(gòu)調(diào)整有助于延長他們的步幅并提供卓越的加速。獵豹的尾巴作為快速轉(zhuǎn)向的方向舵，抵消了它的體重。

獵豹的眼睛有拉長的視網(wǎng)膜中央凹（視網(wǎng)膜的小而無桿的區(qū)域），使它們能夠清晰地觀察周圍環(huán)境。他們的小而扁平的頭部允許他們的眼睛定位以實(shí)現(xiàn)最大的雙眼視覺。每只眼睛下方的黑色淚痕可以通過最大限度地減少太陽的眩光來幫助狩獵。它們還可以提供增強(qiáng)的恐嚇能力。獵豹的脊椎為其強(qiáng)大的后腿起到了彈簧的作用，每走一步都可以伸展獵豹的活動(dòng)范圍，但這種運(yùn)動(dòng)在生理上是很費(fèi)力的。

獵豹為它們的速度付出了代價(jià)。它們的大鼻道幾乎沒有為固定大牙齒所需的長牙根留下空間。沒有大牙齒，獵豹的戰(zhàn)斗能力是有限的。像獅子這樣更大、更強(qiáng)壯的貓很容易壓倒它們，所以獵豹傾向于選擇逃跑而不是戰(zhàn)斗。由于它們的牙齒短，獵豹必須通過窒息殺死獵物。

尺寸

成年獵豹重 75 至 140 磅（34 至 64 公斤），肩高約 30 英寸（77 厘米），身長 44 至 56 英寸（112 至 142 厘米），另外 26 至 33 英寸（66 至 84 厘米） ) 的尾長。雄性略大于雌性。獵豹有時(shí)會(huì)與豹子混淆——豹子是一種重得多的動(dòng)物，有玫瑰花狀的斑點(diǎn)，沒有淚痕。
原住民棲息地

獵豹棲息在非洲的廣大地區(qū)，包括北非、薩赫勒地區(qū)、非洲東部和南部。在過去的 50 年里，獵豹已經(jīng)在至少 13 個(gè)國家滅絕，其中以東非的肯尼亞和坦桑尼亞以及南部非洲的納米比亞和博茨瓦納最為普遍。眾所周知，亞洲獵豹在伊朗生存，但已極度瀕危。獵豹在廣闊的土地上繁衍生息，獵物豐富。在納米比亞，獵豹生活在各種棲息地，包括草原、大草原、茂密的植被和山區(qū)。隨著人類發(fā)展擴(kuò)展到他們喜歡的棲息地，現(xiàn)在可以在商業(yè)農(nóng)場中找到獵豹。
溝通

獵豹不會(huì)咆哮，但它們發(fā)出的聲音包括咕嚕聲、吠叫聲、咆哮聲、嘶嘶聲和啁啾聲，這與任何其他貓科動(dòng)物的不同。最常見的發(fā)聲是啁啾。另一種常見的發(fā)聲被稱為“eeaow”。它很像貓的叫聲，但沒有初始低頻。另一種常見的發(fā)聲是口吃，這似乎是一種直接的請求。當(dāng)出現(xiàn)對女性的高度興奮和/或喚醒時(shí)，男性會(huì)結(jié)結(jié)巴巴。當(dāng)雌性希望幼崽留在原地或跟隨她時(shí)，它們會(huì)結(jié)結(jié)巴巴地走向幼崽。

常見的配音：

? ?啁啾：類似于鳥的啁啾或狗的叫聲，一英里外都能聽到強(qiáng)烈的啁啾聲。發(fā)情的雌性通過鳴叫來吸引雄性。兩性在痛苦時(shí)都會(huì)發(fā)出啁啾聲。雄性在與聯(lián)盟成員分離時(shí)可能會(huì)鳴叫，在團(tuán)聚時(shí)可能會(huì)鳴叫；媽媽和幼崽也會(huì)這樣做。 2001 年在史密森尼國家動(dòng)物園進(jìn)行的一項(xiàng)研究中，個(gè)體之間的鳴叫聲各不相同，這表明獵豹可能能夠僅通過鳴叫來識(shí)別彼此。
? ?口吃：斷斷續(xù)續(xù)的（短的，斷斷續(xù)續(xù)的）呻吟聲，聽起來像鴿子的咕咕聲
? ?咕嚕聲：類似于家貓的咕嚕聲?？赡馨凳緷M足的近距離發(fā)聲。它可以在母親和幼崽之間聽到。不尋常的是，它可能會(huì)持續(xù)幾分鐘，并且在貓吸氣和呼氣時(shí)連續(xù)產(chǎn)生。在“史密森的答案書：貓”中，Seidensticker 和 Lumpkin 引用 Gustav Peters 的話說，“除了聽覺信號(hào)之外，發(fā)出咕嚕聲期間的體表振動(dòng)還可以作為觸覺信號(hào)”，特別是因?yàn)樨埻ǔ１舜丝拷緡９緡５臅r(shí)候。
? ?叫喊聲：大聲啁啾，絕望地叫喚著尋找另一只獵豹。

Physical Description ? ?

Cheetahs have slender, long-legged bodies with blunt, semi-retractable claws. Their heads are small with high-set eyes. A black tear mark runs from the inner corner of each eye down to the mouth. A cheetah's teeth are small when compared with other big cats, which accommodates their larger nasal passages that enable quick air intake.

Adults have yellow or tan short, coarse fur with solid black round or oval spots measuring 0.75 to 1.5 inches (1.9 to 3.8 centimeters) in diameter. The spots cover nearly the entire body; only the white throat and belly are unmarked. The tail ends with four to six black rings and a bushy white or black tuft.

Cheetahs' spots may serve as camouflage for both hunting and hiding. Their spots may offset the shadows in the gray-hued grasses they often inhabit, allowing them to blend in with their surroundings. Camouflage is essential not only for stalking prey, but also for protecting cheetah cubs from predators. A cheetah cub's smoky gray mantle may serve as added camouflage among dead grasses. Much like a human fingerprint, a cheetah's spots and the ring pattern of its tail are unique, enabling researchers in the field to identify individuals.

Cheetahs are aerodynamically built for speed and are the fastest land mammal. At top speed, they advance 23 feet (7 meters) in a single stride and complete four strides per second. That top speed averages between 60 and 70 miles per hour (96 and 112 kilometer per hour) and can be maintained for only about 300 yards (274 meters). Cheetahs can accelerate from zero to 45 miles per hour (zero to 72 kilometers per hour) in just 2.5 seconds. No other land mammal surpasses their short sprints.

Special paw pads and semi-retractable claws provide great traction. Large nostrils and lungs provide quick air intake that allows cheetahs to breathe more easily while running and suffocating their prey. A large liver, heart and adrenal gland facilitate a rapid physical response. A greyhound-like body is streamlined over light bones. Cheetahs have small collarbones and vertical shoulder blades, which are not attached to the collarbone, as well as hips that swivel on a flexible spine. These structural adaptations help lengthen their stride and provide superior acceleration. The cheetah's tail acts as a rudder for quick turning, counteracting its body weight.

Cheetahs' eyes have elongated retinal foveas (the small, rodless areas of the retina), giving them a sharp, wide-angle view of their surroundings. Their small, flat-faced heads allow their eyes to be positioned for maximum binocular vision. The dark tear marks beneath each eye may aid in hunting by minimizing the sun's glare. They may also provide an enhanced ability to intimidate. A cheetah's spine works as a spring for its powerful back legs, extending the cheetah's reach with each step, but the movement is physiologically taxing.

Cheetahs pay a price for their speed. Their large nasal passages leave little room for the long roots required to anchor big teeth. Without large teeth, cheetahs' fighting abilities are limited. Larger, stronger cats like lions easily overwhelm them, so cheetahs tend to opt for flight versus fight.?Because of their short teeth, cheetahs must kill prey by suffocation.

Size ? ?

An adult cheetah weighs 75 to 140 pounds (34 to 64 kilograms), is about 30 inches (77 centimeters) tall at the shoulder and 44 to 56 inches (112 to 142 centimeters) long with another 26 to 33 inches (66 to 84 centimeters) in tail length. Males are slightly larger than females. Cheetahs are sometimes confused with leopards—a much heavier animal with rosette-shaped spots and no tear marks.

Native Habitat ? ?

Cheetahs inhabit a broad section of Africa including areas of North Africa, the Sahel, eastern and southern Africa. Over the past 50 years, cheetahs have become extinct in at least 13 countries, and they are most prevalent in Kenya and Tanzania in east Africa,?and Namibia and Botswana in southern Africa. The Asiatic cheetah is known to survive in Iran, but is critically endangered. Cheetahs thrive in areas with vast expanses of land where prey is abundant. In Namibia, cheetahs live in a variety of habitats, including grasslands, savannahs, dense vegetation and mountainous terrain. As human development expands in to their preferred habitat, cheetahs can now commonly be found on commercial farms.

Communication ? ?

Cheetahs do not roar, but they make sounds including purrs, barks, growls, hisses and chirps that are unlike those of any other cat. The most common vocalization is the chirp. Another common vocalization is what has been termed the "eeaow." It is a lot like the meow of a cat, but does not have the initial low frequency. Another common vocalization is the stutter, which appears to be a direct solicitation. Males stutter when it appears that there is a high level of excitement and/or arousal toward a female. Females stutter toward cubs when they either want them to stay put or to follow her.

Common vocalizations:

• Chirping: Similar to a bird's chirp or a dog's yelp, an intense chirp can be heard a mile away. Estrus females chirp to attract males. Both Sexes chirp when distressed. Males may chirp when separated from members of their coalition and may chirp when reunited; mom and cubs will do the same. In a study conducted at the Smithsonian's National Zoo in 2001, chirping sounds varied from individual to individual indicating that cheetahs may be able to identify each other by chirps alone.

• Stuttering: Staccato (short, disconnected) moan that sounds like a pigeon cooing

• Purring: Similar to a house cat's purring. A close-range vocalization that may suggest contentment. It can be heard between mother and cubs. It is unusual in that it may go on for minutes and is produced continuously both while the cat inhales and exhales. In "Smithsonian Answer Book: Cats,"?Seidensticker and Lumpkin quote Gustav Peters as saying that "the body surface vibration during purring may serve as a tactile signal in addition to the auditory one," especially because cats are generally in close proximity to each other when purring.

• Yelping: Loud chirp, desperate call to locate another cheetah.

食物/飲食習(xí)慣

獵豹是肉食性動(dòng)物，吃各種小動(dòng)物。雖然大多數(shù)貓是夜間捕食者，但獵豹主要是晝行性的，在清晨和傍晚捕食。由于他們更依賴視覺而不是嗅覺，他們喜歡從 kopje 或白蟻丘的頂部掃描鄉(xiāng)村。在最終加速之前，獵豹通常會(huì)在目標(biāo)受害者 100 碼（91.4 米）內(nèi)爬行。完整的沖刺持續(xù)大約 20 秒。

獵豹吃小型羚羊，包括跳羚、大羚羊、小羚羊、黑斑羚和瞪羚，以及大型動(dòng)物的幼崽，包括疣豬、kudu、hartebeest、羚羊、roan 和黑貂。他們也吃野鳥和兔子。

大約一半獵豹的獵物追逐是成功的。如果成功捕捉到動(dòng)物，獵豹會(huì)通過夾住動(dòng)物的氣管使獵物窒息。獵豹的下顎結(jié)構(gòu)可以產(chǎn)生虎鉗般的抓握力。非常小的動(dòng)物，比如野兔，被簡單地咬破頭骨就死了。但無論是大餐還是小餐，獵豹都吃得很快，因?yàn)樗鼈兛赡軙?huì)被獅子、鬣狗，有時(shí)還有一群禿鷹欺負(fù)而無法捕食。獵豹以這種方式損失了大約 50% 的食物。獵豹有異常干凈的飲食習(xí)慣：它們不會(huì)回到它們的獵物中，也不會(huì)吃腐肉。他們留下獵物的骨頭和內(nèi)臟。六周時(shí)，幼崽足夠強(qiáng)壯，可以跟隨狩獵，當(dāng)他們大約六個(gè)月大時(shí)，母親會(huì)捕捉活的獵物，讓他們練習(xí)殺戮。

動(dòng)物園里的獵豹每天要吃 3.5 磅碎牛肉。有時(shí)會(huì)給予冷凍兔子和牛股骨以進(jìn)行豐容。獵豹每天喂兩次——早上喂食和下午/晚上喂食。

Food/Eating Habits ? ?

Cheetahs are carnivorous and eat a variety of small animals. While most cats are nocturnal predators, cheetahs are primarily diurnal, hunting in the early morning and late afternoon. Since they depend on sight more heavily than smell, they like to scan the countryside from a kopje, or the top of a termite mound. Cheetahs usually?creep within 100 yards (91.4 meters) of an intended victim before the final acceleration. Full sprints last about 20 seconds.

Cheetahs eat small antelope including springbok, steenbok, duikers, impala and gazelles, as well as the young of larger animals including warthog, kudu, hartebeest, oryx, roan and sable. They also eat game birds and rabbits.

About half a cheetah's prey chases are successful. If successful in catching an animal, cheetahs suffocate their prey by clamping down on the animal's windpipe. The jaw structure of a cheetah can create a vise-like grip. Very small animals, like hares, are killed by a simple bite through the skull. But whatever the meal, large or small, cheetahs eat quickly, as they can be bullied away from their catch by lions, hyenas, and sometimes groups of vultures. Cheetahs lose about 50 percent of their food this way. Cheetahs have unusually clean eating habits: they do not return to their kill nor do they eat carrion. They leave the bones and entrails of their prey. At six weeks, the young are strong enough to follow the hunt and when they are about six months old the mother will capture live prey for them to practice killing.

Cheetahs at the Zoo are fed 3.5 pounds of ground beef each day. Frozen rabbits and beef femurs are sometimes given for enrichment. The cheetahs are either fed twice a day—a morning feeding and an afternoon/evening feeding.

社會(huì)結(jié)構(gòu)

獵豹在貓科動(dòng)物中有著獨(dú)特的社會(huì)秩序。成年雌性是孤獨(dú)的，而成年雄性則不是。成年雌性與成年雄性互動(dòng)的時(shí)間僅夠繁殖，而雌性則自行撫養(yǎng)幼崽。在 18 個(gè)月大時(shí)，母親離開幼崽，然后幼崽組成一個(gè)兄弟姐妹群，再呆在一起 6 個(gè)月。大約兩年后，女性兄弟姐妹離開該群體并變得孤獨(dú)，而年輕的男性兄弟姐妹則在一個(gè)稱為聯(lián)盟的群體中終生在一起。聯(lián)盟通常由兩到三個(gè)同窩仔組成，是一個(gè)聯(lián)系非常緊密的團(tuán)體。單身男性并不常見，通常不會(huì)存活很長時(shí)間。這個(gè)聯(lián)盟將共同生活和狩獵，共同爭奪一塊領(lǐng)土，其中可能包括幾個(gè)女性的家園。

在兩歲左右，當(dāng)雄性達(dá)到性成熟時(shí)，它們會(huì)尋找遠(yuǎn)離父母的區(qū)域，有時(shí)甚至可達(dá) 300 英里（482 公里）。男性領(lǐng)地的面積通常為 5 到 10 平方英里（13 到 26 平方公里），盡管它可能會(huì)擴(kuò)展到 50 平方英里（130 平方公里）。聯(lián)盟將在可能吸引瞪羚群的環(huán)境中宣稱領(lǐng)土，例如靠近水的地方。

然而，年輕的雌性通常與它們的母親占據(jù)相同的范圍，盡管所有雌性都是孤獨(dú)的，除非它們有窩。雌性家庭范圍可以從 322 到 370 平方英里（833 到 958 平方公里），并跟隨遷徙的瞪羚群。由于旱季資源稀缺，幾個(gè)雌性范圍可能會(huì)重疊。在此期間，雌性可能會(huì)在很少或沒有攻擊性的情況下彼此相遇。

Social Structure ? ?

Cheetahs have a unique social order among felids. Adult females are solitary, while adult males are not. Adult females interact with adult males only long enough to breed, and females raise their cubs on their own. At 18 months, the mother leaves the cubs, who then form a sibling group that stays together for another six months. At about two years, the female siblings leave the group and become solitary, while the young males remain together for life in a group called a coalition. A coalition is usually made up of two to three littermates and is a very tightly bonded group. Singleton males are not common and usually do not survive long. This coalition will live and hunt together for life claiming a territory, which may encompass several female home ranges.

Around the age of two, when males reach Sexual maturity, they seek out an area far away from their parent, sometimes as far as 300 miles (482 kilometers). The size of male territories is usually five to 10 square miles (13 to 26 square kilometers) although it may extend up to 50 square miles (130 square kilometers). Coalitions will claim a territory in an environment that is likely to attract herds of gazelles, for instance, one near water.

Young females, however, usually occupy the same range as their mother, although all females are solitary except when they have a litter. Female home ranges can be from 322 to 370 square miles (833 to 958 square kilometers) and follow migratory gazelle herds. Several female ranges may overlap due to scarce resources during the dry season. Females may encounter one another with little or no aggression during this time.

繁殖與發(fā)展

性成熟發(fā)生在 18 至 23 個(gè)月。妊娠期約三個(gè)月，平均每窩產(chǎn)仔數(shù)為三至六只。雖然沒有明確的繁殖季節(jié)，但大多數(shù)出生都發(fā)生在雨季。每年這個(gè)時(shí)候的出生恰逢瞪羚出生的季節(jié)，增加了獵豹的食物資源。

幼崽呈煙灰色，長毛，稱為披風(fēng)，沿著背部伸展。它們長約 12 英寸（30 厘米），出生時(shí)平均重 9 至 12 盎司（400 克）。野生和圈養(yǎng)的幼崽死亡率都很高。在人類照料下出生的所有幼崽中，平均有 30% 會(huì)在出生后一個(gè)月內(nèi)死亡，而在坦桑尼亞的塞倫蓋蒂國家公園，大約 90% 會(huì)在三個(gè)月大之前死亡。

六周時(shí)，幼崽足夠強(qiáng)壯，可以跟隨狩獵，當(dāng)他們大約六個(gè)月大時(shí)，母親會(huì)捕捉活的獵物，讓他們練習(xí)殺戮。

Reproduction and Development ? ?

Sexual maturity occurs at 18 to 23 months. The gestation period is about three months, and the average litter size is three to six cubs. While there is no definitive breeding season, a majority of births occur during the wet season. Births occurring during this time of year coincide with the gazelle birth season, increasing food resources for the cheetah.

Cubs are smoky-grey in color with long hair, called a mantle, running along their backs. They are about 12 inches (30 centimeters) long and weigh nine to 12 ounces (400 grams) on average at birth. Cub mortality is high in both the wild and captivity. On average 30 percent of all cubs born in human care die within one month of birth, and in Tanzania's Serengeti National Park, about 90 percent die before reaching three months of age.

At six weeks, the young are strong enough to follow the hunt and when they are about six months old the mother will capture live prey for them to practice killing.

Sleep Habits ? ?

Primarily diurnal, unlike many other species of cats.

睡眠習(xí)慣

與許多其他種類的貓不同，主要是晝夜活動(dòng)。
壽命

野生獵豹的平均壽命為8至10年。在人類護(hù)理中，平均壽命為 12 至 15 年。

Lifespan ? ?

The average lifespan of wild cheetahs is 8 to 10 years. In human care, the average lifespan is 12 to 15 years.

Historically, cheetahs ranged widely throughout Africa and Asia, from the Cape of Good Hope to the Mediterranean, throughout the Arabian Peninsula and the Middle East, from Israel, India and Pakistan north to the northern shores of the Caspian and Aral Seas, and west through Uzbekistan, Turkmenistan, Afghanistan, and Pakistan into central India. There were approximately 100,000?cheetahs in 1900, distributed throughout western Asia and Africa.

Over the past 50 years, cheetahs have become extinct in at least 13 countries. The Asiatic cheetah (A. j. venaticus) survives in Iran, but is critically endangered.

An estimated 7,500 to 10,000 cheetahs remain in the wild. The largest population, 2,500, is found in Namibia, with Southern Africa as the last remaining stronghold of roughly 4,500 adults.

Help this Species

• Support organizations like the Smithsonian’s National Zoo and Conservation Biology Institute that research better ways to protect and care for this animal and other endangered species. Consider donating your time, money or goods.

• Share the story of this animal with others. Simply raising awareness about this species can contribute to its overall protection.

The Cheetah Conservation Station is home to three male cheetahs: Justin (nicknamed “Gat”) was?born at the Smithsonian Conservation Biology Institute in Front Royal, Virginia. Hand-raised by keepers, Justin was named after 2012 Olympic medalist Justin Gatlin, who won the bronze medal in the men’s 100-meter sprint. Donnie and Copley, a coalition of two male cheetahs, came to the Smithsonian's National Zoo from the San Diego Zoo Safari Park in December 2017.

Smithsonian’s National Zoo & Conservation Biology Institute 3001 Connecticut Ave., NW Washington, DC 20008

史密森尼國家動(dòng)物園和保護(hù)生物學(xué)研究所 3001 Connecticut Ave., NW Washington, DC 20008