牧游社 牧有漢化翻譯

Dev Diary #42 - Cultural Secessions

lachek, Victoria 3 Lead Designer

Welcome back to another chapter in this rundown of features that might tear your lovely nation apart! Last week we discussed revolutions, which is where politically engaged members of your society rise up to change your country in favor of a certain Law. Today we will discuss another type of Civil War: Cultural Secessions, which is where Pops in your nation of a certain culture demand their right to self-determination and carve out their own country from yours. These types of Civil Wars have some similarity in mechanics but ultimately serve two very different purposes.

歡迎回到又一篇開發(fā)日志，今天的內(nèi)容是可能導(dǎo)致你心愛的國(guó)家分崩離析的特性的一部分！上周我們探討了革命，你社會(huì)中的各個(gè)成員會(huì)經(jīng)由這種方式起身反抗，來改變你的國(guó)家，以支持某一項(xiàng)特定的法律。而今天我們將討論另一種內(nèi)戰(zhàn)：文化分離Cultural Secessions，你國(guó)內(nèi)某一特定文化的Pops會(huì)以這種方式要求民族自決，并從你的疆域中分裂出他們自己的國(guó)家。這些不同類型的內(nèi)戰(zhàn)在機(jī)制上有一些相似，但根本上卻是服務(wù)于兩種截然不同的目的。

Just like revolutions can be seen as a failure to balance the economic and political needs of different classes against each other, secessions can be seen as a failure to see to the needs of Pops of certain cultures within your borders. Often this can come about as the result of aggressive expansion or systematic oppression of Pops of certain cultures (or indeed, the religions commonly associated with those cultures). Just like revolutions there are several paths to go down in order to deal with the problems secessionists might cause.

正如同革命可以被看作相互對(duì)立的各階層經(jīng)濟(jì)與政治需求失衡的結(jié)果，分離則可以被看作是未能滿足你境內(nèi)某一文化Pops的需求所導(dǎo)致的惡果。通常情況下，這會(huì)是侵略擴(kuò)張或是系統(tǒng)性壓迫某一文化Pops的結(jié)果（或者，壓迫某些被普遍認(rèn)為與某些文化綁定的宗教的結(jié)果）。也正如革命一樣，為了對(duì)付分離主義分子導(dǎo)致的麻煩，有幾條道路可以選擇。

Back in the Migration dev diary we briefly mentioned a mechanic called Turmoil. Turmoil is the effect of having too many Radicals in your country, and has effects both on the state level and on entire cultures worldwide. To understand cultural secessions we have to understand Turmoil a bit better first.

之前在移民的開發(fā)日志（開發(fā)日志#17）中，我們簡(jiǎn)單提到了一種叫做動(dòng)亂Turmoil的機(jī)制，動(dòng)亂是你國(guó)內(nèi)激進(jìn)派過多會(huì)引起的一種效果，并且對(duì)地區(qū)動(dòng)亂水平和全世界的同種文化動(dòng)亂水平都有影響。要理解文化分離，我們必須先要好好理解動(dòng)亂。

Turmoil measures social friction and conflicts between Pops. This can include crime, violence, angry protests, and more. When a substantial part of a state's total population are made up of Radicals, Turmoil is created and negative effects start to be applied: there's a certain amount of Tax Waste, modeling all the different costs of the types of unrest Turmoil represents; and the state’s migration attraction decreases substantially, because nobody wants to move to an area where trouble is brewing

動(dòng)亂衡量的是Pops之間的社會(huì)摩擦與沖突。包括犯罪、暴力、示威抗議以及其他。當(dāng)一國(guó)人口的一個(gè)重要部分都由激進(jìn)派組成時(shí)，動(dòng)亂就會(huì)發(fā)生，并開始產(chǎn)生負(fù)面效果：包括一定量的稅收浪費(fèi)Tax Waste（模擬的是動(dòng)亂導(dǎo)致的各種不同類型的開銷），以及該地區(qū)的移民吸引力顯著下降，因?yàn)闆]人會(huì)愿意搬到一個(gè)炸藥桶上。

Louisiana appears to be going through some difficulties. Could that be a slave revolt brewing?

路易斯安那看起來正經(jīng)受一些苦難。這會(huì)醞釀一場(chǎng)奴隸起義嗎？

As you might recall from the Political Movements dev diary, Radicals can originate from a number of sources, including drops in material wealth, being below the minimum expected Standard of Living, or supporting a movement that's not being listened to. But one additional major cause of radicalism tends to be Discrimination - particular discrimination of literate Pops.

你或許能想起政治運(yùn)動(dòng)的開發(fā)日志（開發(fā)日志#14）中所說的，激進(jìn)派可能的來源有很多，包括物質(zhì)財(cái)富流失，達(dá)不到期望的最低生活標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，或是支持一場(chǎng)不被回應(yīng)的運(yùn)動(dòng)。但激進(jìn)度另一個(gè)主要起因往往是受歧視——尤其是對(duì)識(shí)字Pops的歧視。

Which begs the question, if discrimination creates Radicals, and Radicals lead to turmoil, and turmoil hurts your economy - why would any country discriminate against parts of their population in the first place?

這就引出了問題，如果歧視創(chuàng)造激進(jìn)派，激進(jìn)派導(dǎo)致動(dòng)亂，而動(dòng)亂又破壞你的經(jīng)濟(jì)——那么為何起初國(guó)家會(huì)歧視自己的部分人群呢？

First, discrimination is governed by Laws, and most countries start out with Laws that would cause certain cultures or religions to be discriminated against - even if such Pops aren't even present in the country at game starts. You don't pick and choose which cultures or religions to discriminate against, it's all based on your Laws and how similar other cultures and religions are to your country's primary culture(s) and religion. These Laws are supported by Interest Groups, so while you can try to put an end to your discriminatory practices by changing your Citizenship and Church & State Laws, certain groups might not be pleased with you if you do.

首先，歧視取決于法律，而大多數(shù)國(guó)家開局時(shí)都自帶歧視一部分特定文化宗教的法律——即使?jié)M足被歧視條件的Pops開局時(shí)甚至都沒在該國(guó)出現(xiàn)。你無法選擇歧視哪一種文化或宗教，這全然取決于你的法律，以及其它文化宗教與你國(guó)內(nèi)主流文化宗教的相似程度。這些相關(guān)法律由各利益集團(tuán)支持，所以你可以通過改變公民權(quán)、教會(huì)與國(guó)家的法律來終止歧視的行為，盡管某些利益集團(tuán)可能不會(huì)樂見你這么做。

Second, discriminated Pops get paid less than their non-discriminated peers. This in turn makes ownership shareholders - and potentially all non-discriminated Pops in states where discriminated Pops live - richer, as they get a larger piece of the productivity pie. Therefore, putting an end to discrimination would hurt their personal finances, which causes them to Radicalize - and they have more Political Strength to hurt you with than the discriminated Pops do.

第二點(diǎn)則是，受歧視的Pops要比不受歧視的同行工資低。這就反過來導(dǎo)致所有權(quán)持股人——甚至是所有不受歧視的Pops（在有受歧視Pops居住地區(qū)的），相對(duì)而言會(huì)更富有，因?yàn)樗麄兡軓纳a(chǎn)所得中分得更大的蛋糕。因此，終止這樣的歧視將會(huì)使他們個(gè)人的資產(chǎn)受損，從而導(dǎo)致他們變成激進(jìn)派——而且他們有比本來受歧視的Pops更強(qiáng)的政治力量來對(duì)付你。

Third, discriminated Pops have considerably less Political Strength than their peers. If you're worried about potential uprisings, getting rid of discriminatory practices could certainly help you in the long-term, but in the short-term it will empower the formerly discriminated to make stronger demands. It might be tempting to retain the status quo unless you’re prepared to take the fight with both the conservative elements of your society and the newly equal citizens who might want to see a few changes.

第三點(diǎn)是，受歧視Pops的政治力量要比他們的同行低得多。如果你深受潛在暴動(dòng)的困擾，擺脫歧視行為長(zhǎng)遠(yuǎn)來看當(dāng)然是有益的，但短期內(nèi)這一行為會(huì)釋放原本被歧視人群的政治力量，從而使得他們提出更強(qiáng)有力的訴求。這樣看來，保持現(xiàn)狀可能就是一個(gè)很有吸引力的選項(xiàng)，除非你已經(jīng)做好準(zhǔn)備同時(shí)對(duì)付國(guó)內(nèi)的保守分子和急切希望看到改變的、才剛剛平權(quán)的新公民。

But since discrimination occurs on a cultural basis (and if not cultural then often religious, which often maps back to a certain cultures anyway), this means that even if Pops of a certain culture represents a small proportion of the population in your country, the proportion of Pops within that culture that are Radical could be very large indeed. So in addition to measuring Turmoil on the state level, we also measure it on a culture level, and on a culture-in-country level.

但是由于歧視是以文化為基礎(chǔ)發(fā)生的（如果不是文化的話，大概率是宗教，但無論如何也經(jīng)常是指向某一種文化），這意味著即使某文化的Pops在你國(guó)家的人口中僅占一小部分，該文化中激進(jìn)派Pops所占的比例仍然可能非常高。因此在衡量各地區(qū)的動(dòng)亂之外，我們還衡量了整個(gè)文化的動(dòng)亂，以及文化在某一國(guó)家中的動(dòng)亂。

The Maghrebi culture might not have very high Turmoil overall because most of them live in Tunis and Morocco where they aren't discriminated against, but within France the Turmoil among Maghrebi Pops could reach higher levels.

整體而言，馬格里布文化的動(dòng)亂或許并不太高，因?yàn)樗麄兇蠖嗑幼≡谕荒崴购湍β甯?，在那里他們并不受歧視，但在法?guó)國(guó)內(nèi)，馬格里布Pops中的動(dòng)亂可能會(huì)達(dá)到一個(gè)比較高的水平。

As we know from the Migration diary, if a whole culture has high Turmoil, this can result in the emergence of Mass Migration targets - states across the globe that temporarily gain the ability for Pops of those cultures to mass migrate there. This is the "peaceful" resolution to Discrimination - eventually, Pops who suffer systematic discrimination and see no improvement to their material conditions to compensate will simply pack up and move to someplace where they’re accepted.

正如我們從移民日志中所知，如果整個(gè)文化都處于高度動(dòng)亂狀態(tài)，就能導(dǎo)致大規(guī)模移民目標(biāo)的出現(xiàn)——全球中暫時(shí)獲得這一能力的地區(qū)會(huì)使得該文化的Pops大規(guī)模遷徙至此。這就是歧視的“和平”解決方案——那些遭受系統(tǒng)性歧視并且物質(zhì)條件上沒有絲毫補(bǔ)償?shù)腜ops最終只會(huì)收拾行囊搬到一個(gè)能接受他們的地方。

But if Pops in a country suffer high Turmoil and live on one of their Cultural Homelands, they may instead start a Secession Movement. This could be the case for the Maghrebi population of Algiers, for example: they're not only being oppressed, but they're being oppressed on land they feel is theirs by right, and the obvious solution is to kick the French out of there. However, an Algerian that moves to Nice after their homeland was colonized and introduced to the French market will not try to start a secession movement for a Maghrebian sovereign state in southern France.

但是，如果一個(gè)國(guó)家的Pops居住在他們的文化本土Cultural Homelands，且承受了較高的動(dòng)亂值，他們有可能會(huì)發(fā)起一場(chǎng)分離運(yùn)動(dòng)Secession Movement。例如，阿爾及爾的馬格里布人就是這種情況：他們不僅被壓迫，而且是在他們認(rèn)為屬于自己的土地上被壓迫，那么直接的解決辦法就是把法國(guó)人趕出去。然而，一個(gè)阿爾及利亞人在他的家鄉(xiāng)被殖民、并入法國(guó)市場(chǎng)之后選擇潤(rùn)去尼斯，那么他就不會(huì)在法國(guó)南部發(fā)起一個(gè)馬格里布主權(quán)國(guó)家的分離運(yùn)動(dòng)。

A Secession Movement functions a lot like a revolutionary movement. It will gradually escalate in intensity until it reaches a threshold, after which point one or several states will break off from the country to form their own, then launch a Diplomatic Play. Much like revolutionary and Political movements, you can deal with these by trying to fix the underlying issues - whether the discrimination or the lack of material comforts - or by suppressing the troublemakers using decrees or the Home Affairs institution. If you can get the situation back under control you can dodge the secession for this time, but the movement might of course return if conditions worsen.

分離運(yùn)動(dòng)的功能很像革命運(yùn)動(dòng)。它的強(qiáng)度會(huì)逐漸升級(jí)，直到達(dá)到一個(gè)閾值之后，一個(gè)或幾個(gè)地區(qū)會(huì)從你的國(guó)家中分離出來以形成他們自己的國(guó)家，然后發(fā)起一場(chǎng)外交博弈。與革命和政治運(yùn)動(dòng)一樣，你可以通過努力來解決根本問題——無論是解決歧視還是缺乏物質(zhì)享受的問題，或者通過使用法令或內(nèi)務(wù)機(jī)構(gòu)來鎮(zhèn)壓搗亂者。如果你能把局勢(shì)重新控制住，你就能暫時(shí)躲過分裂的命運(yùn)，但如果條件惡化，分裂運(yùn)動(dòng)當(dāng)然會(huì)重新發(fā)生。

You can also deal with it more permanently by simply ceding the land to secessionists. In this case you would release a nation, including all Homelands of that culture in your possession. One benefit of this approach is that you can release the nation as a Subject, permitting you to still meddle in their affairs and exploit their economy even while you grant them at least some degree of self-determination. With no Homelands now left in your possession, the secessionist movement will vanish immediately.

你也可以通過簡(jiǎn)單地將土地割讓給分離主義者來永久地處理這個(gè)問題。在這種情況下，你會(huì)釋放一個(gè)包括你所擁有的該文化所有本土地區(qū)的國(guó)家。這種方法的一個(gè)好處是，你可以把這個(gè)國(guó)家作為一個(gè)附庸來釋放，即使你給予他們某種很低程度的自決權(quán)，你仍然可以插手他們的事務(wù)和剝削他們的經(jīng)濟(jì)。由于現(xiàn)在沒有本土在你手中，分離主義運(yùn)動(dòng)將立即消失。

Another option when releasing a nation is to play as them, which immediately puts you in charge of that country instead!

釋放一個(gè)國(guó)家時(shí)的另一個(gè)選擇是扮演他們，這將使你立即成為這個(gè)國(guó)家的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人！

But if you do not do any of these things, the secession will take place. This launches a Diplomatic Play where the country seceded from automatically gains the "Crush the Uprising" war goal, which if enforced will return the seceded states to their possession. The secessionists on the other hand only need to defend themselves! Unlike with revolutions, a secession can (sort of by definition) result in a white peace where the seceding country is simply left to exist.

但是如果你什么都不做，分離就會(huì)發(fā)生。這會(huì)啟動(dòng)一個(gè)外交博弈：被分離的國(guó)家自動(dòng)獲得戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)目標(biāo)“粉碎起義”，這會(huì)讓分離地區(qū)回到他們的控制之中。另一方面，分離主義者只需要防御自己！和革命不同，一個(gè)分離可以（根據(jù)定義）無條件和平，導(dǎo)致分離國(guó)家簡(jiǎn)單地保持原樣。

Just like in revolutionary Plays, other countries with Interests or certain Pacts are able to intervene on behalf of either country. Most importantly, if the culture seceding is already a Primary Culture in another country - for Maghrebi, that would be Tunis - that country is automatically invited to join the Play on the defender's side. Should they succeed to beat France, the seceding states would then become part of Tunis.

就像革命的外交博弈一樣，其他擁有利益或者特定條約的國(guó)家可以站在其中一方進(jìn)行干預(yù)。更為重要的是，如果分離的文化已經(jīng)是另一個(gè)國(guó)家的主要文化——對(duì)于馬格里布文化來說，這可以是突尼斯，那么這個(gè)國(guó)家會(huì)被自動(dòng)邀請(qǐng)?jiān)谕饨徊┺闹屑尤敕烙?。如果他們成功地?fù)魯×朔▏?guó)，那么分離地區(qū)就會(huì)成為突尼斯的一部分。

In addition, as soon as such a Secession Play has commenced, there is a chance that secessionist movements for this culture will break out in other countries, even if they don't meet the Turmoil threshold! The classic example for this is Poland. Polish Pops live on Homelands across Prussia, Austria, and Russia. If any one of these countries mistreat the Poles to the point where they break away and form Poland, Polish pan-nationalist movements might break out in the other two countries as well. This potentially means having to fight all three countries for their independence!

除此之外，一旦分離的外交博弈開始，其他國(guó)家就有可能爆發(fā)這種文化的分離主義運(yùn)動(dòng)，即使他們沒有達(dá)到動(dòng)亂的閾值！最經(jīng)典的案例就是波蘭。波蘭Pops居住在普魯士、奧地利和俄羅斯擁有的文化本土上。如果這些國(guó)家中的任意一個(gè)虐待波蘭人導(dǎo)致波蘭脫離，波蘭泛民族主義運(yùn)動(dòng)也可能在其他兩個(gè)國(guó)家爆發(fā)。這可能意味著波蘭需要同時(shí)與三個(gè)國(guó)家開戰(zhàn)！

Will the three Great Powers unite in crushing the Polish nationalist movement? Or perhaps one will graciously give up their parcel of land to Poland and start bankrolling them instead, hoping to weaken their rivals and maybe gain a new puppet state in the process?

三大列強(qiáng)會(huì)聯(lián)合起來粉碎波蘭民族主義運(yùn)動(dòng)嗎？還是說其中一個(gè)國(guó)家會(huì)慷慨的把一塊土地分給波蘭，并開始為他們提供資金以來削弱他們的對(duì)手，并在過程中獲得一個(gè)新的傀儡國(guó)？

Cultural Secession and Turmoil is a pretty classic take on anti-blobbing mechanics - if you aggressively expand too quickly your new subjects will get angry, will become more of a liability than an asset to you, and may even try to take their land back. But with Victoria's thematic focus on nation-states and pan-nationalism, these interact with the core mechanics of Pops, Cultures, Homelands, Radicals, Turmoil, and Diplomatic Plays to give you more tools to influence the situation than just pacing your conquests. Perhaps you will be a benevolent imperialist conqueror, who abhors Discrimination and Incorporates every new state to extend the benefit of your Institutions to them, convincing the newly conquered that they're better off under your rule? Or perhaps you will exploit their natural resources but release them as a Subject nation integrated into your market as soon as they get rowdy? Or you build good relations with a neighboring power who's also oppressing this population so you have a natural ally in case you need to put down a rebellion together? Or you stay in your own lane while putting Interests all around you, so you can get involved in these conflicts when they happen to others in order to create buffer states aligned with you?

文化分離和動(dòng)亂是一個(gè)非常經(jīng)典的負(fù)反饋機(jī)制——如果你擴(kuò)張得太快，你的新子民們就會(huì)感到不滿，就會(huì)成為你的負(fù)擔(dān)而不是資產(chǎn)，甚至可能會(huì)試圖奪回他們的土地。但是維多利亞的主題是民族國(guó)家以及泛民族主義，這些與Pops、文化、本土、激進(jìn)派、動(dòng)亂和外交博弈等核心機(jī)制相結(jié)合，就會(huì)給你更多影響局勢(shì)的工具，而不是簡(jiǎn)單地來控制你征服的節(jié)奏。也許你會(huì)成為一個(gè)仁慈的帝國(guó)主義征服者：你會(huì)憎惡歧視、整合擴(kuò)張的每一塊土地并建立機(jī)構(gòu)發(fā)展它們，讓被征服的民眾相信他們?cè)谀愕闹蜗律畹母茫换蛘吣銜?huì)開發(fā)他們的自然資源，但是在他們暴動(dòng)的時(shí)候?qū)⑺麄冡尫艦楦接箛?guó)并立刻接入你的市場(chǎng)；亦或你與同樣壓迫這些人口的鄰國(guó)建立了良好的關(guān)系，這樣你就有了一個(gè)天然盟友以來和你一起平定叛亂；再或者你只顧自己的兩畝地，同時(shí)把利益放在你周圍，所以當(dāng)這些沖突發(fā)生在別人身上時(shí)，你可以參與其中，以建立與你結(jié)盟的緩沖國(guó)？

That's all for me for a little while! Next week Ofaloaf will give us a peek at how we handle a very special butterfly of a civil war that's not really a revolution, not really a cultural secession, but that includes elements from both: the American Civil War.

今天就這么多！下周Ofaloaf會(huì)帶我們瞧一下我們?nèi)绾翁幚硪粋€(gè)不是非常革命、也不是非常文化分裂、但同時(shí)包含了兩者因素的內(nèi)戰(zhàn)：美國(guó)南北戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)。

翻譯：摸魚怪 沒有V3玩我要死了

校對(duì)：三等文官猹中堂

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本作品英文原文著作權(quán)屬Paradox interactive AB所有，中文譯文著作權(quán)屬牧有漢化所有。