Namaste！小伙伴你們好呀！近期上傳的視頻《經(jīng)典梵語教學(xué)120課》經(jīng)反映難度較大，所以整理了視頻中的教學(xué)內(nèi)容，希望能幫助小伙伴們將梵語和英語學(xué)得更好。

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經(jīng)典梵語教學(xué)120課-梵英對照 Lesson 1

??? ??: ?

Namo namaha (Salutations/ Greetings)

???????? ???????? ?

sarveshaam swaagatham (Welcome to all)

?????? ?? ???????? ???? ???? ?

samskrutham athyantha saraLaa bhaashaa (Sanskrit is a very simple language)

?????? ??? ???????? ????? ???? ?

samkruthena sambhaashaNam ithopi saraLam (Conversing in Sanskrit is even easier)

???? ????? ??? ??????? ??????????????? ????? ???? ???? ?????? ?????

??????: ?

vayam sarve api solpena prayatnena nithya jeevane samskrutasya upayogam kartum shaknumaha

(All of us, with just a little effort, can use Sanskrit in our daily life)

?????????, ??? ?????? ?????? ? ????????? ???????? ???: ?

aagachchantu, vayam idhaanneem samskrutha sambhaashanasya abhyaasam kurmaha

(Come, let us now practise Sanskrit convresation)

?? ??? ????? ?

mama naama bhargavi (My name is Bhargavi )

???: ??? ???? ? |bhavata: naama kim?

What is your name? (male)?

??????: ??? ???? ? |?bhavatyaaha naama kim?

What is your name? (female)

?????????? ?

uththishTathu (Get up)

??????? ??

pruchchathu (ask)

??????? ?

uththamam (Good)

???: ??? ??????: ?

bhavathaha naama abhishekaha (your name is Abhishek)

?????? ??? ???? ???????: ?????: ??? ?????: ?????????: ?

samskrutena katham parichchayaha karaNeeyaha iti bhavantaha gnyaathavanthaha

(Let us learn how to introduce [people] )

??????????, ??????? ?

uththishTathu, aagachchathu (Get up, come)

?: ????: ? ?: ??????? ???: ?

saha udayanaha saha arunkumaaraha (He is Udayana; he is Arunkumar)

?????? ?? ????? ? ?????? ?

abhinayam kurvanthu, vadhanthu (Act it out/mime and Say)

?: ?: ? ?: ????? ???: ?

saha kaha? saha raamakrishNaha (who is he? He is Ramakrishna)

?: ????? ???: ? ?: ????? ???: ??

kaha raamakrishnaha? saha raamakrishNaha (who is Ramakrishna? He is Ramakrishna)

?? ?????? ? ??? ?????? ?

saa priyaa | eshaa priyaa (She is Priya [farther away]; she is Priya [nearby])

?? ?? ? ?? ?????? ? ?? ?????? ?

saa kaa? kaa priyaa? saa priyaa | (who is she? who is Priya? She is Priya)

??? ??? ? ??? ??????? ?

thath phalam thath pusthakam (That is a fruit; that is a book)

??? ????? ???? ?

thath krishNa phalakam (that is a blackboard)

??? ???? ? ???? ?????

thath kim ethath kim (what is that? what is this?)

???? ???? ? ???? ??????? ?

kim phalam ? ethath pusthakam (what/which is the fruit? this is a book)

?: ???: ? ??: ?????: ?

saha raamaha eshaha krishNaha (That [he] is Rama; This [he]is Krishna)

?: ?: ? ??: ?: ?

saha kaha ? eshaha kaha? (Who is that? who is this?)

??? ?????? ?

bahu samichinam (very well/good)

?????? ??? ???? ???? ????? ?????? ? “???? ??? ” ???????? ? ?????? ?????? ?

?

idaaneem aham ekam ekam vasthu dharshayaami ethath kim pruchchaami uththaram vadhanthu

(Now, I am going to show/display item by item and ask

“What is this?” You answer.)

???? ????? ??? ????????? ?

ethath kim? thath upanethram | (what is this? these are spectacles)

??? ??? ?????

thath kankatham (that is a comb/hair brush)

?? ????

phenakam (soap)

????

parNam (leaf)

??: ?: ? ?: ?????: ?

eshaha kaha? saha karadeepaha | (what is this? this is a torch)

???:

chashakaha (glass/cup)

??? ??? ?? ??? ?

eshaa kaa? saa ghatee | (what is this? That is a watch/ clock)

?? ??????? ?

saa saraswathi | (She is Saraswathi)

??????? ?????: ???? ???? ????? ????? ? “???? ??? " ??????? ? idhaaneem bhavanthaha ekam ekam vasthu darshayathu | ethath kim pruchchathu |

(Now, you [all] show me items [one by one]. Ask, “What is this?”)

?

?????

yuthakam (shirt)

????

mukham (face)

???

dhanam (money/wealth)

??? ???

kankaNam (bangle/bracelet)

?????

thilakam (religious mark on forehead worn by Hindus)

?? ????????

kara vasthram (hand kerchief)

?????? ?????? ???? ?: ??: ?? ??? ?????? ???????? ??????? ?? ?????: ? ethaavath paryantham vayam saha eshaha saa eshaa etheshaam shabhdhaanaam? abhyaasam kruthavanthaha |

(So long [until now] we practised these words: “saha eshaha saa eshaa”)

?????? ?????: ??? ?????: ?????? ?????????: ?

etheshaam upayogaha katham karaNeeyaha ithyaapi gnyaathavanthaha | (we also learnt how to use these)

???? ????? ? ????? ?????? ?

phalam asthi | lekhanee naasthi | (Fruit is [here], pen isn’t)

????

jalam (water)

?? ?????: ????? ?

dhana syuuthaha asthi | (Cash purse is [here])

????? ???? ???? ????? ? .. ???? ????? ?

krishNa phalakam athra asthi | … thathra asthi (black board is here… there)

???: ????? ????? ?

raamaha kuthra asthi ? (Where is Rama?)

?????: ???? ????? ?

aasandhaha thathra asthi (Chair is there)

???? ???:

kaNTa haaraha (Necklace)

??????

javanikaa (curtain)

????: ?? ????? ?

vaayuhu sarvathra asthi | (air is everywhere)

?????? ?? ????? ?

bhagawaan sarvathra asthi | (God is everywhere)

???? ???? ??????, ??????? ????? ?

jalam athra nassthi, anyathra asthi | (water is not here, it’s elsewhere)

??????: ????? ??????????

purushaaha ekathra upavishanthi | (Men are present/ congregated in [this] single spot)

?????: ????? ????????? ?

mahilaaha ekathra upavishanthi | (Women are present/ congregated in [this] single spot)

???? - ???? ; ????? - ?? ; ??????? - ?????

athra - thathra ; kuthra - sarvathra ; anyathra – ekathra

（here - there; where - everywhere; elsewhere - in one spot)

??? ??? ????? ? ?????? ????? ?

idham aham vadhaami | abhinayam karomi | (I shall say this, I shall mime)

?????: ??????, ?????? ?? ????? ?

bhavanthaha vadhantu, abhinayam kurvanthu | (You all say [repeat], act it out)

?????? ? ???????? ??????????? ?????? ?????????? ????? ?

saMskrutha saahithye subhaashithaanaam nitharaam vaishishtyam asthi |

(Compared to Sanskrit literature, Sanskrit [eloquent/ benevolent] speech/saying is excessively/vastly superior )

?????? ??????? ???????? ? ????? ???? ?? ???????? ?

sushtu bhaashitham subhaashitham | uththama vachanam eva subhaashitham | (Celebrated/praised speech is ‘Subhaashitham.’ Excellent sayings alone qualify as Subhaashitham.)

????: ?????????: ????????? ???: ???? ?

apaaraha jeevanaanubhavaha subhaashitheshu nihithaha bhavathi |

(Much life-centric lessons/experiences are held in Subhaashitham)

??? ??????? ??? ?????? ?? ????????? ?????: ?

vayam idhaneem ekam saMskrutham subhaashitham shruNumaha |

(We will now listen to a Sanskrit Subhaashitham)

????????????????? ???????? ? ??????:

udhyamanaiva sidhyanthi kaaryaaNi na manorathaihi (Only with effort actions/work succeed, not by desire alone)

??? ???????? ??? ???? ?????????? ???? ????: ?

nahi supthastha simhasya pravishanthi mukhe mrugaha

|(A deer will not enter the mouth of a sleeping lion)

???? ??????? ????????? ???????: ???? ??: ??? ????? ?

vayam idhaaneem subhashitham shruthavanthaha thasya arthaha evam asthi |

(We now listened to a ‘Subhaashitham.’ It’s meaning/ import is as follows)

??????: ????????? ? ????? ??? ??? ???? ???????? ? ?? ????

?????: ????? ???? ????? ???????? ?

manushyaha prayathnam na karothi cheth, kimapi phalam na sidhyathi | kevalam ichchaaha santhi cheth kaaryam na sidhyathi |

(If people do not make efforts, no fruits will accrue. Just by wishing, work will not get done)

??? ?: ??????? ?????? ????? ? ?: ??? ???: ????? ? ????? ??? ?: ??????????

?????????? ????? ?????????? ?

simhaha adhyantha balavaan asthi | saha mruga raajaha asthi | thathaapi simhaha prayathnam karothichetheva aahaaram prapnothi |（）A lion is very powerful. It is the king of beast. Still, only if the lion puts in efforts does it get its food)

???: ????? ????? ?? ??? ???? ???? ? ???? ? ??? ?? ????????? ? ???:??

????, ??????? ???? ???????? ?

mrugaha aagathya svayam eva simhasya mukhe na pathathi | evam eva prayathnam na kurmaha cheth, kinchithapi phalam na sidhyathi |

(The deer does not come of its own accord and enter the lion’s mouth. Until one makes efforts, not even a bit of result can be derived)

???? ??? ??????? ????????? ??? ?

vayam api avashyam prayathnam kurmaha |

(We too must certainly put in efforts)

???? ??????? ????? ???? ????? ? ??? ???, ???? ??? ????? ? ?????? ??? ??? ???????, ?????????: ??????? ???? ? ?????: ???????? ???? ????????? ?

aham idhaaneem ekaam kathaam vadhaami | lagu kathaa saraLaa kathaa asthi | saMskruthena katha shravaNena, bhaashaabyaasaha sheegram bhavathi | bhavanthaha saavadhaanena kathaam shrunvanthu | (I will now narrate a story. It is a short, simple story. Listening to stories in Sanskrit results in quick learning/practice. You [all] hear the story carefully)

??: ???: ????? ? ?: ???: ????? ?: ????? ? ???? ??? ?????? ???? ? ???? ??????????? ??? ????? ???? ? ???: ????? ????????? ????? ? ekaha kaakaha asthi | saha kaakaha thrushithaha asthi |

(There was a crow. That crow was thirsty.)

thasya bahu pibaasaa bhavathi | jalam praapthavyam ithi ichchaa bhavathi | kaakaha jalasya anveshaNam karothi |

(It felt thirsty. It wished to get some water. The crow went searching for water)

???? ??????, ???? ??????, ?? ?????? ? ?? ?????? ???? ?????? ? ???:

?????, ????? ?????? ? ?? ?? ??? ???? ?????? ? ???: ??? ??????: ???? ? athra pashyathi, thathra? pashyathi,? sarvathra pashyathi | kuthraapi jalam naasthi |

(It looked here, there, everywhere. But, water was nowhere)

kaakaha agre, agre gachchathi | dhuure ekam ghatam pashyathi | kaakaha bahu santhoshaha bhavathi | (The crow went further and further. In the distance, it saw a pot. The crow became very happy.)

?: ????? ????? ?????? ? ????? ???? ??????? ? ?????? ? ????? ???? ????? ? ??????, ?????? ???? ????? ? ???: ???? ?????? ? ??????? ?

saha ghatasya sameepam gachchathi | ghatasya upari upavishathi | pashyathi | ghatasya jalam asthi | kinthu, solpam jalam asthi | kaakaha jalam paathum na shaknothi |

(It went near the pot, [it] sat on the pot’s top. It looked.

?

There is water in the pot. But, there is only a little water. The crow was unable to reach the water)

“???? ??????” ??? ???????? ? ?: ???: ?????????? ????? ? ?: ??????? ??????, ?????????? ????? ? ??? ?????? ? ???: ??????,

?????????? ?????, ?????? ?

“kim karomi?” ithi chinthayathi | saha kaakaha budhdhimaan asthi | saha anyathra gachchathi, shilaakhandam aanayathi | ghate puurayathi | punaha gachchathi, shilaakhandam aanayathi, puurayathi | (“What shall I do?” thought [the crow]. That crow was clever. It went elsewhere, brought a stone. It filled the pot. It went again, got a stone and filled the pot)

???? ?? ??? ???? ????? ? ??? ????, ???? ??????? ? ??? ???: ??????? ? ?????? ??? ??????: ???? ? ?: ???? ??? ? ??????? ???? ??? ?

evam eva bahu vaaram karothi | jalam upari, upari aagachchathi | jalam bahihi aagachchathi | kaakasya bahu santhoshaha bhavathi | saha jalam pibathi | aanandhena jalam pibathi |

(In this manner, [the crow] continued doing. The water came up, up. The water came close [to the crow’s reach]. The crow was very happy. It drank the water. It drank the water gladly.)

?

???????? ??: ?? ?? ?????? ? ???: ????: ?????, ????

anantharam thathaha dhooram gachchathi | kaakaha chathuraha asthi, kalu ?

(Soon after, it went far away. The crow is clever, isn’t it?)

???, ????: ????? ?

aam, chathuraha asthi | (Yes, it is clever)

????: ???: ? chathuraha kaakaha | (Clever crow)

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