【游戲選修課】《巫師3:狂獵》最好的冷硬派偵探游戲



《巫師3:狂獵》是個(gè)人玩過的最好的游戲,此視頻主要講其敘事部分。視頻作者認(rèn)為它是最好的偵探游戲(游戲的主要內(nèi)容在于支線偵探任務(wù))。它不是最好的犯罪游戲或調(diào)查游戲(crime game or investigation game),但卻是最好的偵探游戲,具體來說是冷硬派偵探游戲(pulp detective game),因?yàn)樗梃b了很多二三十年代的冷硬派偵探小說,包括情節(jié)、主題、人物刻畫以及敘事手法,而不是借鑒了調(diào)查要花費(fèi)的大量時(shí)間。

在講巫師前先談?wù)剛商叫≌f的歷史。偵探小說主要是關(guān)于愈益精妙的犯罪手法被偵探的高超推理邏輯逐漸揭露時(shí)所帶來的興奮刺激感,最初流行于歐洲(英國(guó)?),內(nèi)容主要關(guān)于英國(guó)上流社會(huì),地點(diǎn)選在莊園和小村莊以限制嫌疑人數(shù)量,案件被粉飾,不貪污的警察總笨手笨腳,業(yè)余的偵探偶爾索取報(bào)酬,結(jié)局也總是千篇一律。在這些“規(guī)矩”下偵探小說描述的社會(huì)一成不變。后來美國(guó)的一些作家認(rèn)為傳統(tǒng)的偵探小說太脫離現(xiàn)實(shí),社會(huì)并不只有上層階級(jí)等等,于是開始創(chuàng)新。

在美國(guó)新出現(xiàn)的通俗偵探小說(pulp detective novel),其主角不再是富有閑人,而是社會(huì)的局外人,被各階層排斥和需要,于是能不受束縛地在各階層穿梭,并展現(xiàn)其方方面面,描繪出社會(huì)的真實(shí)面貌。

杰洛特,被視為怪胎而被憎惡,卻又會(huì)為各種委托奔忙,盡管它們上來自國(guó)王,下來自底層百姓,他見識(shí)了戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)厄亂之中的世界全貌,傳遞給玩家。各種委托背后的人,在故事中都有真實(shí)個(gè)性和人生,故事的很多方面看起來于情節(jié)根本無益,但也正因?yàn)槿绱?,所描述的社?huì)中的人和事才無比真實(shí)。另外巫師眾多支線結(jié)局也不都是理想的圓滿的,很多悲劇都讓人感到十分現(xiàn)實(shí)、沉痛和無奈,更能觸動(dòng)人心。

引用冷硬派偵探小說家雷蒙德·錢德勒的著名文章中最廣為人知的段落來概括巫師的偵探情節(jié),這是關(guān)于美英偵探小說的區(qū)別:
標(biāo)準(zhǔn)偵探小說的情感基礎(chǔ)一直是兇殺案得以偵破,正義得以伸張。它的技巧基礎(chǔ)除了皆大歡喜的結(jié)局,其余皆無意義。情節(jié)的堆砌都是為結(jié)局服務(wù)。結(jié)局能說明一切。但另一方面,《黑面具》雜志里這類故事的技巧基礎(chǔ)是場(chǎng)景比情節(jié)更重要, 好的情節(jié)應(yīng)該能造出好的情景。理想的推理小說,哪怕缺了結(jié)局也照樣能讀下去。-《簡(jiǎn)單的謀殺藝術(shù)》
The emotional basis of the standard detective story was and had always been that murder will out and justice will be done. It's technical basis was the relative insignificance of everything, except the final denouement. What led up to that was more or less passage work. The denouement would satisfy everything. The technical bisis of the black-mask type of story on the other hand was that the scene outranked the plot in the sense that a good plot was one, which made good scenes. The ideal mystery was one, you would read if the end was missing.? -"The Simple Art of Murder"

巫師的主線劇情確實(shí)老套,只是引導(dǎo)出玩家在不同場(chǎng)景轉(zhuǎn)移的線索。但巫師的真正精彩之處在于眾多的支線任務(wù),在于所有細(xì)節(jié)和各式場(chǎng)景,這些讓我愿意為一個(gè)個(gè)支線任務(wù)奔波數(shù)小時(shí)(真實(shí)感受)。因?yàn)檫@是一段旅程,終點(diǎn)并非一切。巫師3講開放世界的敘事視為一系列場(chǎng)景,將開放世界的情節(jié)視為推動(dòng)玩家遭遇各種驚人場(chǎng)景的催化劑,而非某種將玩家限于線性流程的框架,CDPR正是借這一理念創(chuàng)造出如此生動(dòng)的世界,打造出開放世界的敘事。(原話)

另外,冷硬派偵探小說的偵探主角的個(gè)性也耐人尋味,用《簡(jiǎn)單的謀殺藝術(shù)》結(jié)尾作結(jié),這也正是CDPR創(chuàng)作杰洛特的最好詮釋:

總得有個(gè)人到這窮街陋巷里去,一個(gè)并不卑鄙的人,一個(gè)干凈無畏的人。這類故事里的偵探必須是這樣一個(gè)人:他是英雄,他是一切。他必須是個(gè)完整的人,普通的人,又非平常之輩。用一句老話形容,他必須是個(gè)講信義的人。這與他是本能、必然的、不假思索的,無需言說。他不會(huì)無故受人錢財(cái),也不會(huì)受侮辱卻不施應(yīng)有的報(bào)復(fù)。他是個(gè)孤獨(dú)的人,他有自尊心,你必須待之以禮否則下次再見定叫你追悔莫及。他說話跟同齡人一樣,用語辛辣詼諧,生動(dòng)幽默。他討厭弄虛作假,鄙視小肚雞腸。故事,就是他尋找隱藏真相的冒險(xiǎn)。如果不是發(fā)生在這善于冒險(xiǎn)的人身上,就稱不上冒險(xiǎn)。他的知識(shí)之廣令你吃驚,但這理應(yīng)屬于他。因?yàn)檫@屬于他生活的世界。如果有足夠多像他那樣的人,我想這世上會(huì)太平很多,但是又不至于沉悶得令人難以度日。
Down these mean streets, a man must go who is not himself mean, who is neither tarnished nor fraid. The detective in this kind of story must be such a man: He is the hero. He is everything. He must be a complete man, and a common man, and yet an unusual man. He must be, to use a rather weathered phrase, a man of honor. By instinct, by inevitability, without thought of it, and certainly without saying it. He will take no man's money dishonestly and no man's insolence without a due and dispassionate revenge. He is a lonely man, and his pride is that you will treat him as a proud man or be very sorry you ever saw him. He talks as a man of his age talks. That is, with rude wit. A lively sense of the grotesque. A disgust for sham, and a contempt for pettiness. The story is his adventure in search of a hidden truth, and if would be no adventure, if it didn't happen to a man fit for adventure. He has a range of awareness that startles you, but it belongs to him by right. Because it belongs o the world he lives in. If there were enough like him I think the world would be a very safe place to live in, and yet not too dull to be worth living in.
這才是塑造角色之道。