一、避免過多重復(fù)信息

對于漢語中的重復(fù)信息，可嘗試采用如下方式：

①對重復(fù)出現(xiàn)的信息加以省略，如在結(jié)構(gòu)相同的、平行的漢語簡單句中，重復(fù)的謂語動詞在漢譯英時可以省略不譯；

②用英語代詞或其他詞來替代漢語中重復(fù)出現(xiàn)的信息，比如可以用the former、the latter、one、it等詞替代上文提過的信息；

③采取類似“合并同類項”的方法(即把多項式中的同類項合并成一項)，將漢語中重復(fù)的詞語或信息提取出來，合并為“一項”來翻譯，這“一項”可加在全部有關(guān)詞語或信息的前面或后面，統(tǒng)管兼顧。

例1： 中國文化認(rèn)為有些顏色吉利，有些顏色不吉利。

譯文1：Chinese culture considers some colors to be auspicious and some colors to be unlucky.

譯文2：In Chinese culture, some colors are considered lucky and some unlucky.

例2： 竹子象征清逸，松柏象征長壽，蓮花象征純潔，蘭花象征歸隱。

譯文1：The bamboo symbolizes the tranquility, the pine symbolizes longevity, the lotus symbolizes purity, and the orchid symbolizes seclusion.

譯文2：Bamboo represents elegance, pine longevity, lotus purity and orchid reclusion.

英文實例

Finally, Section 5 presents the main conclusions and outlook emerging from the analysis of the national study teams in order to provide general insights into the potential contribution of nuclear energy to climate change mitigation, observations about the operation of various analytical frameworks and methodologies in the national assessments, opportunities and prospects for future work and the ways the IAEA might support additional work on this issue.

二、避免動詞使用過多

漢語中往往分句密集，動詞的出現(xiàn)頻率較高。漢語中還有“連動式”和“兼語式”結(jié)構(gòu)，句子中集結(jié)了大量的動詞。英語往往只使用一個動詞來表達(dá)最主要的動作含義，其他動作則通常借助動詞不定式、分詞、名詞、介詞、形容詞等來表達(dá)。

例1: 各地開辦了很多老年大學(xué)，讓老人學(xué)寫書法，學(xué)畫國畫，學(xué)跳舞。

譯文1: Many universities for the elderly have been opened in various places, allowing the elderly to learn to write calligraphy, learn to paint Chinese paintings and learn to dance.

譯文2: Around the country, many colleges for the elderly have been set up for them to learn calligraphy, Chinese painting and dancing.

例2: 圓月象征著全家團(tuán)圓。

譯文1: The full moon symbolizes the reunion of the whole family.

譯文2: The full moon is a symbol for family reunion.

三、正確翻譯“使”字句和“讓”字句

在翻譯“使”字句和“讓”字句時，譯者容易受原文影響，一味地用make、let、enable等去對應(yīng)原文的“使”字和“讓”字，從而產(chǎn)生一些生硬、晦澀的中式英語。

若原文不適合用make、let、enable等詞去翻譯，可嘗試用如下方式：

1. 其一，省略“使”字或“讓”字，在譯文中添加表示邏輯關(guān)系的詞(組)，來體現(xiàn)“使”字或“讓”字的前后文之間的邏輯關(guān)系

2. 將“使”字或“讓”字與其后面的動詞結(jié)合起來譯為英語及物動詞(或詞組)。

例1:幾十年的改革開放使上海變得繁華熱鬧。

譯文1: Decades of reform and opening up have made Shanghai prosperous and lively.

譯文2: With reform and opening-up over the past decades, Shanghai has now thrived and bustled with excitement.

例2: 兩岸美麗的景色一個接一個地展現(xiàn)在眼前，讓你覺得就像是穿行在天然畫廊之中。

譯文1: The beautiful scenery on both sides of the river is shown one after another, making you feel like walking through a natural gallery.

譯文2: The beautiful scenes on both sides of the river are unfolded one by one before your eyes, and you feel as if you were wandering along a natural art gallery.

四、常見句式的修改

A：that theory too is a valuable ideological treasure of the Party

B: that theory too is an ideological treasure of the Party

A: We should continue to take measures to further improve regular education, adult education…

B: We should continue to improve regular education, adult education…

常見句式的修改

A：In order to accomplish this, an approach of gradual transition will be adopted

B: we shall accomplish this by a gradual transition

A: these practices should be totally abolished

B: these practices should be abolished

(“thoroughly eliminated”, “totally destroyed”)

-END-

本文轉(zhuǎn)載自：譯課公眾號

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