1823年12月2日，詹姆斯·門羅總統(tǒng)向美國(guó)國(guó)會(huì)遞交了這份國(guó)情咨文。

門羅總統(tǒng)在這份咨文中高調(diào)將美洲視為美國(guó)的勢(shì)力范圍，并宣布會(huì)將其他列強(qiáng)介入美洲的行為視為對(duì)美國(guó)的敵對(duì)行為。從華盛頓總統(tǒng)以來(lái)，美國(guó)持續(xù)奉行孤立主義，在各場(chǎng)戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)中保持中立，而此宣言一出，美國(guó)無(wú)疑是將手伸到了整個(gè)美洲，但仍未打破其與舊世界的孤立關(guān)系。許多人認(rèn)為，這份國(guó)情咨文標(biāo)志著“門羅主義”的出現(xiàn)。因此這份國(guó)情咨文中有關(guān)外交的部分也被稱為“門羅宣言”。

由于該國(guó)情咨文原文過(guò)長(zhǎng)，本專欄僅截取涉及外交的部分(即門羅宣言)，完整版英文原文請(qǐng)看此專欄：https://www.bilibili.com/read/cv21183675

提示：門羅宣言最核心的內(nèi)容在第19段。

A precise knowledge of our relations with foreign powers as respects our negotiations and transactions with each is thought to be particularly necessary. Equally necessary is it that we should form a just estimate of our resources, revenue, and progress in every kind of improvement connected with the national prosperity and public defense.

各位都同意，尤其同意有必要詳細(xì)了解我們與列強(qiáng)的外交關(guān)系，包括我們之間的談判和貿(mào)易。同時(shí)還需要正確估算出每一項(xiàng)同國(guó)家經(jīng)濟(jì)和國(guó)防發(fā)展相關(guān)事務(wù)所占有的資源、獲得的收入，以及其取得的進(jìn)展。?

It is by rendering justice to other nations that we may expect it from them. It is by our ability to resent injuries and redress wrongs that we may avoid them.

我們?cè)ＷC其他國(guó)家的公正權(quán)益，正因此我們才希望他們也能如此回報(bào)我們。我們不愿看到有人受傷，同時(shí)能夠及時(shí)糾正錯(cuò)誤，如此才能避開(kāi)犯錯(cuò)。

The commissioners under the 5th article of the treaty of Ghent, having disagreed in their opinions respecting that portion of the boundary between the Territories of the United States and of Great Britain the establishment of which had been submitted to them, have made their respective reports in compliance with that article, that the same might be referred to the decision of a friendly power. It being manifest, however, that it would be difficult, if not impossible, for any power to perform that office without great delay and much inconvenience to itself, a proposal has been made by this Government, and acceded to by that of Great Britain, to endeavor to establish that boundary by amicable negotiation.

委員會(huì)對(duì)涉及美國(guó)和英國(guó)之間的部分邊界劃分意見(jiàn)未能達(dá)成一致，按照《根特條約》第五條規(guī)定提交了各自的報(bào)告，報(bào)告將其交由某個(gè)友好國(guó)家裁決。不過(guò)，即使我們假設(shè)其可行，任何列強(qiáng)都很難在不得罪任何一方的情況下，且短時(shí)間內(nèi)完成這一職務(wù)，因此，我國(guó)提出雙方努力通過(guò)友好協(xié)商確立邊界線，該提議被英國(guó)政府接受。

It appearing from long experience that no satisfactory arrangement could be formed of the commercial intercourse between the United States and the British colonies in this hemisphere by legislative acts while each party pursued its own course without agreement or concert with the other, a proposal has been made to the British Government to regulate this commerce by treaty, as it has been to arrange in like manner the just claim of the citizens of the United States inhabiting the States and Territories bordering on the lakes and rivers which empty into the St. Lawrence to the navigation of that river to the ocean. For these and other objects of high importance to the interests of both parties a negotiation has been opened with the British Government which it is hoped will have a satisfactory result.

從長(zhǎng)期經(jīng)驗(yàn)判斷，似乎美國(guó)和西半球的英屬各殖民領(lǐng)無(wú)法通過(guò)合法方式在貿(mào)易交流的問(wèn)題上達(dá)成令人滿意的共識(shí)，雙方都只在乎自己國(guó)家的事務(wù)，都無(wú)法顧忌彼國(guó)關(guān)切的事務(wù)，我們向英國(guó)政府提議，通過(guò)條約來(lái)解決管理商貿(mào)，正如我們?cè)?jīng)解決居住在五大湖邊界和圣勞倫斯河流域的美國(guó)公民有權(quán)通過(guò)河流進(jìn)入海洋的正當(dāng)權(quán)利一樣。我們已經(jīng)就這些要求和其他涉及雙方核心利益的要求，同英國(guó)政府展開(kāi)了談判，我希望談判能取得令人滿意的結(jié)果。

The commissioners under the 6th and 7th articles of the treaty of Ghent having successfully closed their labors in relation to the 6th, have proceeded to the discharge of those relating to the 7th. Their progress in the extensive survey required for the performance of their duties justifies the presumption that it will be completed in the ensuing year.

委員會(huì)還負(fù)責(zé)《根特條約》的第6條、第7條，目前有關(guān)第6條的相關(guān)工作已經(jīng)結(jié)束，委員會(huì)正在繼續(xù)進(jìn)行落實(shí)第7條的相關(guān)工作。委員會(huì)成員履行職務(wù)，集思廣益，相關(guān)工作可能在明年結(jié)束。

The negotiation which had been long depending with the French Government on several important subjects, and particularly for a just indemnity for losses sustained in the late wars by the citizens of the United States under unjustifiable seizures and confiscations of their property, has not as yet had the desired effect. As this claim rests on the same principle with others which have been admitted by the French Government, it is not perceived on what just ground it can be rejected. A minister will be immediately appointed to proceed to France and resume the negotiation on this and other subjects which may arise between the two nations.

我們同法國(guó)政府也在諸多重要事務(wù)上展開(kāi)談判，尤其是對(duì)在近期的幾場(chǎng)戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)中遭到無(wú)理扣押和沒(méi)收財(cái)產(chǎn)的美國(guó)公民進(jìn)行索賠，但尚未得到法方理想的答復(fù)。我們要求索賠所基于的原則，是法國(guó)政府同樣認(rèn)可的，因此法方?jīng)]有正當(dāng)理由駁回我們的索求。很快，我國(guó)將向法國(guó)派出一名使節(jié)，就兩國(guó)在此事和其他事物上重新開(kāi)始談判。

At the proposal of the Russian Imperial Government, made through the minister of the Emperor residing here, a full power and instructions have been transmitted to the minister of the United States at St. Petersburg to arrange by amicable negotiation the respective rights and interests of the two nations on the North West coast of this continent. A similar proposal had been made by His Imperial Majesty to the Government of Great Britain, which has likewise been acceded to. The Government of the United States has been desirous by this friendly proceeding of manifesting the great value which they have invariably attached to the friendship of the Emperor and their solicitude to cultivate the best understanding with his Government.?

關(guān)于一份由俄羅斯皇帝駐美大臣提出、再由俄羅斯帝國(guó)政府交付的提議中，我已全權(quán)將指令下達(dá)給美國(guó)駐圣彼得堡的官員，通過(guò)友好協(xié)商來(lái)處理兩國(guó)在美洲西北海岸各自的權(quán)利。沙皇陛下提出的提議，同英國(guó)政府的十分類似，自然被我們同樣接受。美國(guó)政府一直希望通過(guò)友好行為，表現(xiàn)出我們十分珍視同沙皇陛下的友誼，以力圖同俄羅斯政府達(dá)成最佳共識(shí)。

In the discussions to which this interest has given rise and in the arrangements?by which they may terminate the occasion has been judged proper for asserting, as a principle in which the rights and interests of the United States are involved, that the American continents, by the free and independent condition which they have assumed and maintain, are henceforth not to be considered as subjects for future colonization by any European powers.

在這些涉及我國(guó)利益的談判期間，在我們認(rèn)為條約可以生效，準(zhǔn)備結(jié)束會(huì)議簽字的同時(shí)，美洲大陸上的許多國(guó)家已經(jīng)贏得自由與獨(dú)立，基于美國(guó)的權(quán)利和利益準(zhǔn)則，今后這些國(guó)家不應(yīng)再被視作歐洲列強(qiáng)的附屬殖民領(lǐng)。

Since the close of the last session of Congress the commissioners and arbitrators for ascertaining and determining the amount of indemnification which may be due to citizens of the United States under the decision of His Imperial Majesty the Emperor of Russia, in conformity to the convention concluded at St. Petersburg on July 12th, 1822, have assembled in this city, and organized themselves as a board for the performance of the duties assigned to them by that treaty. The commission constituted under the 11th article of the treaty of February 22nd, 1819, between the United States and Spain is also in session here, and as the term of three years limited by the treaty for the execution of the trust will expire before the period of the next regular meeting of Congress, the attention of the Legislature will be drawn to the measures which may be necessary to accomplish the objects for which the commission was instituted.

自上次國(guó)會(huì)結(jié)束以來(lái)，根據(jù)1822年7月12日美俄兩國(guó)在圣彼得堡共同簽署的協(xié)議，俄羅斯皇帝陛下決定在華盛頓組織委員會(huì)和仲裁會(huì)，以查清裁定俄方應(yīng)給予美國(guó)公民的補(bǔ)償數(shù)額，以履行條約委員會(huì)的職責(zé)。根據(jù)美西兩國(guó)在1819年2月22日簽署的條約，兩國(guó)委員會(huì)也會(huì)在這里展開(kāi)會(huì)晤，由于條約的有效執(zhí)行期只有3年，條約會(huì)在下屆國(guó)會(huì)召開(kāi)前到期，請(qǐng)立法機(jī)構(gòu)為委員會(huì)提供一切必要幫助，協(xié)助條約得以履行。

In compliance with a resolution of the House of Representatives adopted at their last session, instructions have been given to all the ministers of the United States accredited to the powers of Europe and America to propose the proscription of the African slave trade by classing it under the denomination, and inflicting on its perpetrators the punishment, of piracy. Should this proposal be acceded to, it is not doubted that this odious and criminal practice will be promptly and entirely suppressed. It is earnestly hoped that it will be acceded to, from the firm belief that it is the most effectual expedient that can be adopted for the purpose.

根據(jù)上屆眾議院做出的決議，我已向歐洲列強(qiáng)和美洲各國(guó)的大使下達(dá)指令，提議在各國(guó)下轄領(lǐng)土內(nèi)禁止黑奴貿(mào)易，將其歸類為海盜行為，并對(duì)一切從事奴隸貿(mào)易者施以的懲罰。如果各國(guó)接受此提議，這種惡劣的犯罪行為很快就將徹底銷聲匿跡。我們衷心希望各國(guó)加入我們，因?yàn)槲覀兿嘈胚@是為達(dá)解放奴隸事業(yè)最有效的途徑。

At the commencement of the recent war between France and Spain it was declared by the French Government that it would grant no commissions to privateers, and that neither the commerce of Spain herself nor of neutral nations should be molested by the naval force of France, except in the breach of a lawful blockade. This declaration, which appears to have been faithfully carried into effect, concurring with principles proclaimed and cherished by the United States from the first establishment of their independence, suggested the hope that the time had arrived when the proposal for adopting it as a permanent and invariable rule in all future maritime wars might meet the favorable consideration of the great European powers. Instructions have accordingly been given to our ministers with France, Russia, and Great Britain to make those proposals to their respective Governments, and when the friends of humanity reflect on the essential amelioration to the condition of the human race which would result from the abolition of private war on the sea and on the great facility by which it might be accomplished, requiring only the consent of a few sovereigns, an earnest hope is indulged that these overtures will meet with an attention animated by the spirit in which they were made, and that they will ultimately be successful.

在近期法國(guó)和西班牙之間的戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)爆發(fā)伊始，法國(guó)政府就宣稱他們不會(huì)雇傭私掠船，而且只要西班牙和各中立國(guó)的商船不違反海上封鎖規(guī)則，法國(guó)海軍就不會(huì)對(duì)其進(jìn)行攻擊。這一宣稱已經(jīng)得到確切落實(shí)，其與美國(guó)建國(guó)之初提倡并捍衛(wèi)的原則相符，這也就說(shuō)明，我們提出的原則得到了歐洲列強(qiáng)的認(rèn)可，有望在未來(lái)的海上戰(zhàn)事中成為一條長(zhǎng)期原則。因此，我已向法國(guó)、俄羅斯和英國(guó)的使者下達(dá)指示，向各國(guó)政府正式遞交以上提議，這些人道主義提議旨在終結(jié)海上的私掠戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)，以從根本上改善全人類的生活狀態(tài)，要完成這一偉大目標(biāo)，需要各主權(quán)國(guó)家的一致支持，我們衷心希望，這些提議可以得到同樣友好、仁愛(ài)的態(tài)度對(duì)待，并最終取得成功。

The ministers who were appointed to the Republics of Colombia and Buenos Ayres during the last session of Congress proceeded shortly afterwards to their destinations. Of their arrival there official intelligence has not yet been received. The minister appointed to the Republic of Chile will sail in a few days. An early appointment will also be made to Mexico. A minister has been received from Colombia, and the other Governments have been informed that ministers, or diplomatic agents of inferior grade, would be received from each, accordingly as they might prefer the one or the other.

上次國(guó)會(huì)期間，我們?nèi)蚊礁鐐惐葋喒埠蛧?guó)和布宜諾斯艾利斯共和國(guó)的大使，在閉會(huì)不久后就會(huì)趕往駐地。我們尚未受到他們抵達(dá)目的地的消息。派往智利共和國(guó)的大使也將很快出發(fā)。我們也會(huì)爭(zhēng)取早日向墨西哥派遣使者。哥倫比亞的一位使者已經(jīng)抵達(dá)我國(guó)，其他國(guó)家政府也已告知我國(guó)，他們會(huì)相應(yīng)根據(jù)自己需求，向我國(guó)派遣使者或次級(jí)外交官。

The minister appointed to Spain proceeded soon after his appointment for Cadiz, the residence of the Sovereign to whom he was accredited. In approaching that port the frigate which conveyed him was warned off by the commander of the French squadron by which it was blockaded and not permitted to enter, although apprised by the captain of the frigate of the public character of the person whom he had on board, the landing of whom was the sole object of his proposed entry. This act, being considered an infringement of the rights of ambassadors and of nations, will form a just cause of complaint to the Government of France against the officer by whom it was committed.

我國(guó)派遣到西班牙的使者前往加的斯任職，因?yàn)樗蝗蚊鼤r(shí)，西班牙國(guó)王就住在加的斯(1820年西班牙人為擁護(hù)憲法而革命，西班牙國(guó)王費(fèi)迪南德七世被扣押在加的斯)?？拷劭跁r(shí)，護(hù)送使者的我軍護(hù)衛(wèi)艦遭到法國(guó)艦隊(duì)指揮官的警告，盡管我軍護(hù)衛(wèi)艦艦長(zhǎng)解釋稱，船上的乘客是我國(guó)國(guó)家公職人員，我們只求能靠近海港、進(jìn)入城市，法軍還是堅(jiān)稱此地處于封鎖，不得進(jìn)入。我國(guó)將這種行為視為對(duì)國(guó)家外交大使權(quán)利的侵犯，我們會(huì)向法國(guó)政府提出合理訴訟，要求對(duì)相關(guān)人員進(jìn)行處罰。

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A strong hope has been long entertained, founded on the heroic struggle of the Greeks, that they would succeed in their contest and resume their equal station among the nations of the earth. It is believed that the whole civilized world take a deep interest in their welfare. Although no power has declared in their favor, yet none according to our information, has taken part against them. Their cause and their name have protected them from dangers which might ere this have overwhelmed any other people. The ordinary calculations of interest and of acquisition with a view to aggrandizement, which mingles so much in the transactions of nations, seem to have had no effect in regard to them. From the facts which have come to our knowledge there is good cause to believe that their enemy has lost forever all dominion over them; that Greece will become again an independent nation. That she may obtain that rank is the object of our most ardent wishes.

希臘人民做著英勇的斗爭(zhēng)，有很大希望重新贏得同世界各國(guó)平起平坐的地位。我相信希臘人民的幸福能使整個(gè)文明世界受益。即使沒(méi)有列強(qiáng)公開(kāi)支持希臘，但根據(jù)我們的情報(bào)，也沒(méi)有列強(qiáng)會(huì)采取行動(dòng)鎮(zhèn)壓他們。希臘人的事業(yè)與名字庇佑著他們，讓此前一直排山倒海般摧毀其他民族的危險(xiǎn)無(wú)法傷他們分毫。奧斯曼通過(guò)開(kāi)疆?dāng)U土，靠在各國(guó)貿(mào)易中攫取私利的算盤似乎最終落空了。以我們獲悉的情況來(lái)看，我們相信奧斯曼人已經(jīng)徹底喪失了希臘的統(tǒng)治權(quán)；希臘將再一次成為獨(dú)立國(guó)家。我們也誠(chéng)心希望，她能取得勝利。

It was stated at the commencement of the last session that a great effort was then making in Spain and Portugal to improve the condition of the people of those countries, and that it appeared to be conducted with extraordinary moderation. It need scarcely be remarked that the result has been so far very different from what was then anticipated. Of events in that quarter of the globe, with which we have so much intercourse and from which we derive our origin, we have always been anxious and interested spectators.

上一次會(huì)議開(kāi)始時(shí)，西班牙和葡萄牙在盡力改善美洲各地人民的生活狀況，不過(guò)改革手段極其溫和。不必多說(shuō)，改革的效果遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)未達(dá)他們的預(yù)期。兩國(guó)全球各地的殖民地都爆發(fā)反抗，其中有許多地區(qū)同我們關(guān)聯(lián)緊密，我們也從他們身上看到獨(dú)立之初的美國(guó)，我國(guó)雖未介入，但是對(duì)此十分關(guān)切。

The citizens of the United States cherish sentiments the most friendly in favor of the liberty and happiness of their fellow men on that side of the Atlantic. In the wars of the European powers in matters relating to themselves we have never taken any part, nor does it comport with our policy so to do.

美國(guó)公民對(duì)大西洋彼岸的同胞懷有最友善的態(tài)度，強(qiáng)烈希望他們也能得到自由和快樂(lè)。在歐洲列強(qiáng)間的戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)中，我們沒(méi)有參與干涉，干涉戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)也同我們的政策背道而馳。

It is only when our rights are invaded or seriously menaced that we resent injuries or make preparation for our defense. With the movements in this hemisphere we are of necessity more immediately connected, and by causes which must be obvious to all enlightened and impartial observers.

只要當(dāng)我們的權(quán)利受到令人憎惡的嚴(yán)重侵犯時(shí)，我們才會(huì)準(zhǔn)備以戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)手段保護(hù)自己。隨著西半球的地緣政治變動(dòng)，我們必定會(huì)更加緊密地團(tuán)結(jié)在一起，與智者和正者共同投身偉大事業(yè)。

The political system of the allied powers is essentially different in this respect from that of America. This difference proceeds from that which exists in their respective Governments; and to the defense of our own, which has been achieved by the loss of so much blood and treasure, and matured by the wisdom of their most enlightened citizens, and under which we have enjoyed unexampled felicity, this whole nation is devoted.

在這方面，神圣同盟各國(guó)的政治制度和美國(guó)的政治制度存在著根本區(qū)別。這種區(qū)別源自各國(guó)政府；為了保衛(wèi)祖國(guó)，我國(guó)人民有的拋頭顱灑熱血，有的散盡家財(cái)，還有最杰出的部分公民為國(guó)貢獻(xiàn)智慧，因此我們?nèi)珖?guó)才能夠享有前所未有的幸福。

We owe it, therefore, to candor and to the amicable relations existing between the United States and those powers to declare that we should consider any attempt on their part to extend their system to any portion of this hemisphere as dangerous to our peace and safety. With the existing colonies or dependencies of any European power we have not interfered and shall not interfere, but with the Governments who have declared their independence and maintained it, and whose independence we have, on great consideration and on just principles, acknowledged, we could not view any interposition for the purpose of oppressing them, or controlling in any other manner their destiny, by any European power in any other light than as the manifestation of an unfriendly disposition toward the United States.

因此，本著坦誠(chéng)的品質(zhì)和同歐洲列強(qiáng)的友好關(guān)系，我們有責(zé)任事先聲明，歐洲列強(qiáng)任何試圖將其政治制度傳播至西半球的行為，我們都視為威脅美國(guó)的和平和安全。我們從未干涉，將來(lái)也不會(huì)干涉歐洲各國(guó)及其已有的殖民地，但是考慮到正義原則，對(duì)于那些同我國(guó)一樣，已經(jīng)宣布獨(dú)立、得到承認(rèn)、并希望獨(dú)立自主的各國(guó)政府，我們不允許歐洲列強(qiáng)以任何方式干涉它們、壓迫它們、控制它們的命運(yùn)，否則都將視為對(duì)美國(guó)的敵對(duì)表現(xiàn)。

In the war between those new Governments and Spain we declared our neutrality at the time of their recognition, and to this we have adhered, and shall continue to adhere, provided no change shall occur which, in the judgment of the competent authorities of this Government, shall make a corresponding change on the part of the United States indispensable to their security.

我國(guó)承認(rèn)了各國(guó)新政府，同時(shí)也在美洲各國(guó)和西班牙的戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)中宣布了中立，在局勢(shì)不出現(xiàn)改變的情況下，我們堅(jiān)持且會(huì)繼續(xù)堅(jiān)持這一立場(chǎng)，但美國(guó)的國(guó)家安全同這些國(guó)家密不可分，我們會(huì)同本政府中出色的權(quán)威人士做出判斷，讓美國(guó)做出相應(yīng)調(diào)整。

The late events in Spain and Portugal shew that Europe is still unsettled. Of this important fact no stronger proof can be adduced than that the allied powers should have thought it proper, on any principle satisfactory to themselves, to have interposed by force in the internal concerns of Spain. To what extent such interposition may be carried, on the same principle, is a question in which all independent powers whose governments differ from theirs are interested, even those most remote, and surely none more so than the United States.

西班牙和葡萄牙近期發(fā)生的事件說(shuō)明歐洲既然動(dòng)蕩不安。這一重要事實(shí)最能證明，神圣同盟出于自己利益而武力干涉西班牙內(nèi)政。神圣同盟為了自身利益，能干涉西班牙到什么程度，這是各個(gè)獨(dú)立國(guó)家的各類政府都十分關(guān)心的，即便最遙遠(yuǎn)的國(guó)家也不會(huì)充耳不聞，當(dāng)然，美國(guó)是最關(guān)切這個(gè)問(wèn)題的國(guó)家。

Our policy in regard to Europe, which was adopted at an early stage of the wars which have so long agitated that quarter of the globe, nevertheless remains the same, which is, not to interfere in the internal concerns of any of its powers; to consider the government de facto as the legitimate government for us; to cultivate friendly relations with it, and to preserve those relations by a frank, firm, and manly policy, meeting in all instances the just claims of every power, submitting to injuries from none.

我們對(duì)歐洲的政策，即不干涉任何歐洲國(guó)家的內(nèi)政，依然如拿破侖戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)早期一樣，這場(chǎng)戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)長(zhǎng)期肆虐著全球四分之一的土地；我們將歐洲各國(guó)政府視為同我們一樣的合法政府；我們會(huì)同歐洲國(guó)家建立友好關(guān)系，用坦率、堅(jiān)定、強(qiáng)而有力的政策維持同各國(guó)的關(guān)系，滿足每一個(gè)國(guó)家的合理要求，不損害任何國(guó)家的權(quán)益。

But in regard to those continents circumstances are eminently and conspicuously different. It is impossible that the allied powers should extend their political system to any portion of either continent without endangering our peace and happiness; nor can anyone believe that our southern brethren, if left to themselves, would adopt it of their own accord. It is equally impossible, therefore, that we should behold such interposition in any form with indifference. If we look to the comparative strength and resources of Spain and those new Governments, and their distance from each other, it must be obvious that she can never subdue them. It is still the true policy of the United States to leave the parties to themselves, in the hope that other powers will pursue the same course.

但我們對(duì)于美洲大陸的政策，就大不一樣了。神圣同盟想要將其政治制度擴(kuò)至南北美洲任何地區(qū)，都勢(shì)必會(huì)損害我國(guó)的和平幸福；也沒(méi)有人相信，我們南方的兄弟是自愿接受這一制度的。因此，歐洲勢(shì)力干涉美洲時(shí)，我們同樣不可能坐以待斃。如果我們對(duì)比西班牙和美洲各國(guó)的國(guó)力、資源和相隔距離，不言而喻，西班牙永遠(yuǎn)無(wú)法征服美洲各國(guó)。美國(guó)真正的政策是讓所有國(guó)家獨(dú)立自主，希望列強(qiáng)能與我國(guó)政策保持一致。

聲明：本人僅按照原文翻譯內(nèi)容，演講內(nèi)容不代表本人觀點(diǎn)。此專欄僅供歷史和英語(yǔ)交流學(xué)習(xí)使用，任何讀者皆可引用本人的譯本。

希望來(lái)學(xué)習(xí)英語(yǔ)的觀眾明白：我覺(jué)得這些專欄的主要精華在于英語(yǔ)原文，而并非我的譯本，我的譯本很大程度上只是供來(lái)學(xué)習(xí)歷史的觀眾使用的。本人的英語(yǔ)水平一般，翻譯得并不會(huì)多么精彩，只能在你看不懂時(shí)來(lái)幫助你了解這些演講內(nèi)容最基本的意思，而且翻譯時(shí)難免會(huì)出現(xiàn)差錯(cuò)，切勿直接完全以我的譯本為標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。如發(fā)現(xiàn)有翻譯錯(cuò)誤或者歧義內(nèi)容，歡迎指正。

希望來(lái)學(xué)習(xí)歷史的觀眾明白：任何歷史人物都有一定的局限性，隨著時(shí)代發(fā)展，很多觀點(diǎn)看法可能已經(jīng)不再適用今天的世界，西方的觀點(diǎn)也不一定適用于我們。通過(guò)了解這些演講，僅可給我們提供一個(gè)更全面了解過(guò)去和世界的渠道。我們可以從優(yōu)秀的歷史、當(dāng)代人物身上學(xué)到很多，但是請(qǐng)保持獨(dú)立思考，理性看待演講內(nèi)容，切勿全信或?qū)⑵浞顬檎胬怼?