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利用同構(gòu)思想簡(jiǎn)化計(jì)算(2018浙江圓錐曲線)

2022-09-19 15:08 作者:數(shù)學(xué)老頑童  | 我要投稿

(2018浙江,21)已知點(diǎn)Py軸左側(cè)(不含y軸)一點(diǎn),拋物線Cy%5E2%3D4x上存在不同的兩點(diǎn)A、B滿足PA、PB的中點(diǎn)均在C上.

(1)設(shè)AB中點(diǎn)為M,證明:PM垂直于y軸;

(2)若P是半橢圓x%5E2%2B%5Cfrac%7By%5E2%7D%7B4%7D%3D1x%3C0)上的動(dòng)點(diǎn),求%5Cbigtriangleup%20PAB面積的取值范圍.

解:(1)設(shè)點(diǎn)P、A、B的坐標(biāo)分別為

%5Cleft(%20x_0%2Cy_0%20%5Cright)%20%5Cleft(%20%5Cfrac%7By_%7B1%7D%5E%7B2%7D%7D%7B4%7D%2Cy_1%20%5Cright)%20%5Cleft(%20%5Cfrac%7By_%7B2%7D%5E%7B2%7D%7D%7B4%7D%2Cy_2%20%5Cright)%20,

易知PA的中點(diǎn)坐標(biāo)為

%5Cleft(%20%5Cfrac%7B1%7D%7B2%7D%5Cleft(%20x_0%2B%5Cfrac%7By_%7B1%7D%5E%7B2%7D%7D%7B4%7D%20%5Cright)%20%2C%5Cfrac%7B1%7D%7B2%7D%5Cleft(%20y_0%2By_1%20%5Cright)%20%5Cright)%20

因該點(diǎn)在拋物線C上,所以

%5Cleft%5B%20%5Cfrac%7B1%7D%7B2%7D%5Cleft(%20y_0%2By_1%20%5Cright)%20%5Cright%5D%20%5E2%3D4%5Ccdot%20%5Cfrac%7B1%7D%7B2%7D%5Cleft(%20x_0%2B%5Cfrac%7By_%7B1%7D%5E%7B2%7D%7D%7B4%7D%20%5Cright)%20

化簡(jiǎn)得%5Ccolor%7Bred%7D%7By_%7B1%7D%7D%5E%7B2%7D-2y_0%5Ccdot%20%5Ccolor%7Bred%7D%7By_%7B1%7D%7D%2B8x_0-y_%7B0%7D%5E%7B2%7D%3D0,

同理%5Ccolor%7Bred%7D%7By_%7B2%7D%7D%5E%7B2%7D-2y_0%5Ccdot%20%5Ccolor%7Bred%7D%7By_%7B2%7D%7D%2B8x_0-y_%7B0%7D%5E%7B2%7D%3D0,

可知y_1、y_2為一元二次方程

%5Ccolor%7Bred%7D%7By%7D%5E%7B2%7D-2y_0%5Ccdot%20%5Ccolor%7Bred%7D%7By%7D%2B8x_0-y_%7B0%7D%5E%7B2%7D%3D0

的兩個(gè)不同實(shí)根,

所以y_1%2By_2%3D2y_0,

所以%5Ccolor%7Bred%7D%7By_M%7D%3D%5Cfrac%7By_1%2By_2%7D%7B2%7D%5Ccolor%7Bred%7D%7B%3Dy_0%7D,

PM垂直于y軸.

(2)由(1)可知y_1y_2%3D8x_0-y_%7B0%7D%5E%7B2%7D

%5Cbegin%7Baligned%7D%0A%09%5Ccolor%7Bred%7D%7Bx_M%7D%26%3D%5Cfrac%7B1%7D%7B2%7D%5Cleft(%20%5Cfrac%7By_%7B1%7D%5E%7B2%7D%7D%7B4%7D%2B%5Cfrac%7By_%7B2%7D%5E%7B2%7D%7D%7B4%7D%20%5Cright)%5C%5C%0A%09%26%3D%5Cfrac%7B1%7D%7B8%7D%5Cleft(%20y_%7B1%7D%5E%7B2%7D%2By_%7B2%7D%5E%7B2%7D%20%5Cright)%5C%5C%0A%09%26%3D%5Cfrac%7B1%7D%7B8%7D%5Cleft%5B%20%5Cleft(%20y_1%2By_2%20%5Cright)%20%5E2-2y_1y_2%20%5Cright%5D%5C%5C%0A%09%26%3D%5Cfrac%7B1%7D%7B8%7D%5Cleft%5B%20%5Cleft(%202y_0%20%5Cright)%20%5E2-2%5Cleft(%208x_0-y_%7B0%7D%5E%7B2%7D%20%5Cright)%20%5Cright%5D%5C%5C%0A%09%26%3D%5Ccolor%7Bred%7D%7B%5Cfrac%7B3%7D%7B4%7Dy_%7B0%7D%5E%7B2%7D-2x_0%7D%5C%5C%0A%5Cend%7Baligned%7D

所以

%5Cbegin%7Baligned%7D%0A%09%5Ccolor%7Bred%7D%7B%5Cleft%7C%20PM%20%5Cright%7C%7D%26%3Dx_M-x_0%5C%5C%0A%09%26%3D%5Cfrac%7B3%7D%7B4%7Dy_%7B0%7D%5E%7B2%7D-2x_0-x_0%5C%5C%0A%09%26%3D%5Ccolor%7Bred%7D%7B%5Cfrac%7B3%7D%7B4%7Dy_%7B0%7D%5E%7B2%7D-3x_0%7D%5C%5C%0A%5Cend%7Baligned%7D

%5Cbegin%7Baligned%7D%0A%09%5Ccolor%7Bred%7D%7B%5Cleft%7C%20y_1-y_2%20%5Cright%7C%7D%26%3D%5Csqrt%7B%5Cleft(%20y_1%2By_2%20%5Cright)%20%5E2-4y_1y_2%7D%5C%5C%0A%09%26%3D%5Csqrt%7B%5Cleft(%202y_0%20%5Cright)%20%5E2-4%5Cleft(%208x_0-y_%7B0%7D%5E%7B2%7D%20%5Cright)%7D%5C%5C%0A%09%26%3D%5Ccolor%7Bred%7D%7B2%5Csqrt%7B2%7D%5Ccdot%20%5Csqrt%7By_%7B0%7D%5E%7B2%7D-4x_0%7D%7D%5C%5C%0A%5Cend%7Baligned%7D

所以

%5Cbegin%7Baligned%7D%09%5Ccolor%7Bred%7D%7BS_%7B%5Cbigtriangleup%20PAB%7D%7D%26%3D%5Cfrac%7B1%7D%7B2%7D%5Ccdot%20%5Cleft%7C%20PM%20%5Cright%7C%5Ccdot%20%5Cleft%7C%20y_1-y_2%20%5Cright%7C%5C%5C%09%26%3D%5Csqrt%7B2%7D%5Ccdot%20%5Cleft(%20%5Cfrac%7B3%7D%7B4%7Dy_%7B0%7D%5E%7B2%7D-3x_0%20%5Cright)%20%5Ccdot%20%5Csqrt%7By_%7B0%7D%5E%7B2%7D-4x_0%7D%5C%5C%09%26%3D%5Cfrac%7B3%5Csqrt%7B2%7D%7D%7B4%7D%5Ccdot%20%5Csqrt%7B%5Cleft(%20y_%7B0%7D%5E%7B2%7D-4x_0%20%5Cright)%20%5E3%7D%5C%5C%09%26%3D%5Ccolor%7Bred%7D%7B6%5Csqrt%7B2%7D%5Ccdot%20%5Csqrt%7B%5Cleft(%20-x_%7B0%7D%5E%7B2%7D-x_0%2B1%20%5Cright)%20%5E3%7D%7D%5C%5C%5Cend%7Baligned%7D

因?yàn)?img type="latex" class="latex" src="http://api.bilibili.com/x/web-frontend/mathjax/tex?formula=x_0%5Cin%20%5Cleft%5B%20-1%2C0%20%5Cright)%20" alt="x_0%5Cin%20%5Cleft%5B%20-1%2C0%20%5Cright)%20">,

所以-x_%7B0%7D%5E%7B2%7D-x_0%2B1%5Cin%20%5Cleft%5B%201%2C%5Cfrac%7B5%7D%7B4%7D%20%5Cright%5D%20,

所以%5Ccolor%7Bred%7D%7BS_%7B%5Cbigtriangleup%20PAB%7D%5Cin%20%5Cleft%5B%206%5Csqrt%7B2%7D%2C%5Cfrac%7B15%5Csqrt%7B10%7D%7D%7B4%7D%20%5Cright%5D%20%7D%0A.

利用同構(gòu)思想簡(jiǎn)化計(jì)算(2018浙江圓錐曲線)的評(píng)論 (共 條)

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