多鄰國世界語tips and notes 復數(shù)篇 plurals (中英對照)

復數(shù)篇
plurals
復數(shù)
In English, when there is more than one of something, we usually add -s to form the plural (more than one), for example dogs, houses, etc.
在英語里,當某物多于一件時,我們通常會加上-s來把它變成復數(shù)(大于1),例如dogs(旺財)(滑稽) , houses(房子), 等
But not always! There are some exceptions, like children, men, mice.
不過也有例外!例如children, men,和mice
In Esperanto, there are no exceptions. You always add -j to formthe plural:
在世界語里面就沒有例外了。你只有加上-j就能夠變成復數(shù)形式。

In Esperanto the -j ending is also added to descriptive words (adjectives), such as bela(beautiful),and granda (big, large)
世界語里面的復數(shù)也要加在像bela(beautiful)和granda(big,large)一類的描述性詞語(形容詞)上
Examples
La viroj estas belaj.
The men are handsome.
英俊的男人們
La grandaj hundoj.
The big dogs.
幾只愛宕(滑稽)
La viro kaj la virino estas belaj.
(because belaj refers to both la viro and la virino)
因為belaj指代的是viro和virino兩個
The man and the woman are beautiful.
漂亮的男人和漂亮的女人
Note that "la" stays the same in front of plural nouns, and no endings are ever added to "la".
注意“l(fā)a”放在復數(shù)名詞的前面,而且la不用加詞尾-j
Pronunciation
發(fā)音
-oj is pronounced like the English oy
-oj的發(fā)音宛如英語里的oy(哦已)←中文空耳
and the pronunciation of -aj is like the English eye.
-aj的發(fā)音猶如英語里的eye(ㄞˋ)←中文注音(滑稽)
Numbers
數(shù)字
Unlike adjectives and nouns, the cardinal numbers (one,two, three, etc.) do not take any endings.
不像形容詞和名詞,基數(shù)詞不用加任何詞尾

Ni estas du virinoj.
We are two women.
我們是兩個婦女
Affixes
詞綴
-ej is a suffix used to indicate a place:
-ej是一個用來指出地點的后綴
kafo = coffee咖啡
kafejo = café
(a place where you drink coffee, and other drinks.)
一個你喝咖啡和其他飲品的地方(咖啡館)
laboras = works工作
laborejo = workplace
工作地點
lo?as = lives/inhabits
生活,棲息
lo?ejo = apartment (a place you inhabit)
你的棲息之地(你住的房子)
jen
Jen means "here is" or "here are" like the following:
Jen的意思是“here is ”或者“here are” (這是/這些是)
Jen la hundo. = Here is the dog. 這是只狗
Jen la hundoj. = Here are the dogs. 這些是狗
Although less common, Jen may be followed by estas and a noun, for example:
盡管不常見,jen后面可以跟著estas和名詞,例如:
Jen estas la hundo. = Here is the dog.(這里有只狗)
Jen estas la hundoj. = Here are the dogs.(這里有幾只狗)
翻譯:Vanilo
原文:http://www.duolingo.cn/skill/eo/Plurals
封面來自壹刻傳媒