作者生平：

? ? ? ? ? 安德魯·達(dá)爾比（Andrew Dalby）是一位古典學(xué)者、歷史學(xué)家、語(yǔ)言學(xué)家和翻譯家，以他關(guān)于食物史（尤其是希臘和羅馬帝國(guó)）的書籍而聞名。 《Siren Feasts》 是安德魯·達(dá)爾比的第一本美食書籍，獲得了 Runciman（朗西曼）獎(jiǎng)，他的第二本書《dangerous Tastes》在2001年獲得了美食作家協(xié)會(huì)年度美食書籍。他還是《The Classical Cookbook》和《Empire of Pleasures》以及巴克斯和維納斯的傳記的作者。

《Tastes of Byzantium ：The Cuisine of a Legendary Empire》于 2003 年首次出版

ISBN: 978 1 84885 165 8

本書完整的 CIP 記錄可從大英圖書館、美國(guó)國(guó)會(huì)圖書館獲得

由 Thomson Press India Ltd 在印度印刷和裝訂

接上

Gherkins and cucumbers are also somewhat diuretic. If eaten to excess they eventually produce bad humors which cannot be convened to blood.

? ? ? Olives give little nourishment, particularly the black ones. The green ones that are conserved as kolymbades are good co eat owing to their astringency and arouse the appetite. Those conserved in vinegar are especially suitable.

? ? ? Acorns are cold and dry; thus they open the bowels and the bladder.

? ? ? Chestnuts are more nourishing than acorns, and produce intestinal wind. They are hot and moist.

? ? ? Walnuts are hot and dry. They heat the body and cause headache. They assist those with cold constitutions and also combat dangerous drugs and venoms of a hot nature.? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ?[Walnuts are better to eat and more digestible than hazelnuts, and particularly if eaten with dried figs. Dried walnuts, steeped and shelled, are just as good as green ones.

? ? ?Almonds have moderate moistness and heat. Eaten with sugar they help in diseases of the chest and neck, the kidneys and bladder. Bitter almonds have the power co cut through thick and sticky humors.

? ? ?Jujubes have little nourishment. They are good for the liver.

? ? ?Pistachios are hot, tending towards dryness. They help with blockage of the liver,? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ?encourage urination and break up bladder and kidney stones.

? ? ?Hazelnuts are not as hoi as walnuts. They are good for those with a cold constitution and in combatting dangerous drugs.

? ? ?Pine kernels heat (he constitution. They encourage urination and help in cases of kidney and bladder disorders.

? ? ?Sesame is hot and moist. It moves the bowels, kills the appetite for food and relaxes the stomach, h is good for dysenteries.

? ? ?[Hemp seed is indigestible and not good to eat. It produces headache and bad humors. It is fairly heating.

? ? ?Gourd provides a little moist and cold nourishment to the body which is good for the bowels. If cold, as when they cut and dry it and eat it dried in winter, it produces raw humors.

? ? ?Capers break up phlegm in the digestive system and stop excretion, when eaten before other food, whether in honey vinegar or in oil and vinegar.]

? ? ?Carobs are hot. They stop excretion and purge the intestines.

? ? ?Manna has a moderate temperament, tending a little towards coldness: it stirs unhealthy blood and cools the heat of the stomach.

? ? ?姜黃瓜和黃瓜也有一定的利尿作用。如果吃得太多，它們會(huì)產(chǎn)生壞的體液，而不利于血液的產(chǎn)生。

? ? ?橄欖的營(yíng)養(yǎng)價(jià)值不高，尤其是黑色的橄欖。綠色的橄欖被保存為Kolymbades，由于其收斂?性，吃起來(lái)很好，能引起人的食欲。那些保存在醋中的食物尤其適合。

? ? ?橡子是寒冷和干燥的；因此它們能使得腸道和膀胱通暢。

? ? ?栗子比橡子更有營(yíng)養(yǎng)，并能活躍腸道。它們是熱的和濕的。

? ? ?核桃是熱和干燥的。它們使身體發(fā)熱并引誘頭痛。它們幫助那些體質(zhì)寒冷的人，能對(duì)抗危險(xiǎn)藥物和熱性毒藥。[核桃比榛子更好吃，更容易消化，特別是和干無(wú)花果一起吃。經(jīng)過(guò)浸泡和去殼的干核桃與綠色核桃一樣好。

? ? ?杏仁具有適度的濕潤(rùn)度和熱量。與糖一起吃，有助于治療胸腔和頸部、腎臟和膀胱疾病。苦杏仁有分解粘稠分泌物的能力。

? ? ?紅棗的營(yíng)養(yǎng)成分很少。它們對(duì)肝臟有好處。

? ? ?開心果是熱的，傾向于干燥。它們有助于解決肝臟的堵塞問(wèn)題，促進(jìn)排尿，打破膀胱和腎臟結(jié)石。

? ? ?榛子不像核桃那樣有熱量。它們對(duì)體質(zhì)虛寒的人和對(duì)抗危險(xiǎn)藥物有好處。

? ? ?松子是熱性食物。它鼓勵(lì)排尿，對(duì)腎臟和膀胱疾病有幫助。

? ? ?芝麻是熱和濕的。它能活躍腸道，優(yōu)化人的胃口，放松胃部，對(duì)痢疾有好處。

? ? ?[大麻籽不能消化，不適合吃。它會(huì)產(chǎn)生頭痛，誘發(fā)壞情緒。它的熱量相當(dāng)高。

? ? ?葫蘆為身體提供少許濕潤(rùn)和寒冷的滋養(yǎng)，對(duì)腸道有好處。如果是冷的，就像他們?cè)诙彀阉虚_并曬干后吃一樣，這就會(huì)產(chǎn)生較生的體液。

? ? ?辣椒能分解消化系統(tǒng)中的痰液，并阻止排泄，如果在其他食物之前食用，無(wú)論是用蜂蜜醋還是用油和醋，都能起到作用]。

? ? ?胡桃是熱的。它們能阻止排泄，凈化腸道。

? ? ?Manna的性情溫和，有點(diǎn)偏冷：它有助于改善不健康的血液，緩解胃熱。

[v] On vegetables

關(guān)于蔬菜

?[65-71] Wild greens are extremely productive of bad humors. All vegetables produce blood in small quantity, and containing bad humors. Lettuce has these qualities less than other vegetables, and is least nourishing. Endive is second after lettuce; it is mucilaginous, and for this reason good for the bowels, when eaten with olive oil and fish sauce. It is moderately digestible. Beet is not good to eat in quantity, but it dislodges residues and so is good for the bowels. It is helpful in blockages of the liver and spleen, and particularly if eaten with vinegar or mustard. Celery is diuretic and better to eat than other vegetables. It is sometimes pleasant to eat it raw. Rocket is very heating. It produces semen and awakens the appetite for sex. It causes headache. Asparagus of all kinds is good to eat, diuretic, and not without nourishment.

? ? ?[72-75] Grape-hyacinth bulbs are good to eat, particularly in vinegar, eaten with olive oil and fish sauce. Carrot is diuretic, but indigestible. Truffles are indistinct and watery in flavor. They are comparable to mushrooms. The nourishment they provide is phlegmatic and cold, and, in excess, productive of bad humors. Radishes, along with their heat, are productive of thin humors. The bitter quality is uppermost in them, as also in leeks, garlic and Levant garlic.

? ? ?[65-71] 野生蔬菜極易誘發(fā)壞脾氣。所有的蔬菜都會(huì)促使人體生產(chǎn)少量的血液，但這種血液時(shí)常含有不良的體液。萵苣的這些特質(zhì)比其他蔬菜少，而且最沒(méi)有營(yíng)養(yǎng)。苣荬菜是僅次于萵苣的第二種蔬菜；它有粘性，因此與橄欖油和魚露一起食用對(duì)腸道有益，它的被消化率適中。甜菜不適合大量食用，但它能清除胃內(nèi)的殘留物，因此對(duì)腸道有好處。它對(duì)肝臟和脾臟的堵塞也有幫助，特別是如果與醋或芥末一起吃。芹菜具有利尿作用，比其他蔬菜更適合食用，有時(shí)生吃是很有幫助的。Rocket是非常熱的。它能產(chǎn)生精液并喚醒性欲。它會(huì)引起頭痛。各種類型的蘆筍都是好東西，有利尿作用，而且不乏營(yíng)養(yǎng)。

? ? ?[72-75] 葡萄風(fēng)信子的球莖是很好的食物，特別是在醋中，與橄欖油和魚醬一起吃。胡蘿卜有利尿作用，但不易消化。松露的味道模糊不清，呈水狀。它們可與蘑菇媲美。它們提供的物質(zhì)是痰濕和寒冷的，如果過(guò)量，會(huì)導(dǎo)致人體產(chǎn)生壞的體液。蘿卜，連同其熱性，易產(chǎn)生稀薄的體液。它們的苦味最重，韭菜、大蒜和Levant大蒜也是如此。

[vi] On medicinal plants

關(guān)于藥用植物

Roses are cold and dry. They stop headaches caused by heat and they invigorate the stomach. They also help with overheating of the liver.

? ? ?Violets are moist and cold. They stop headaches caused by yellow bile and they are soporific.

? ? ?Myrtles are cold and dry. They invigorate the member when impotent and they stop movement of the bowels.

? ? ?All kinds of basil are hot [475] and dry. They invigorate the heart and cure pains in the head caused by coldness.

? ? ?Marjoram is hot. It helps with pain in the kidneys, encourages urination, stops pain in the bowels. A decoction of marjoram helps in dimness of the eyes.

? ? ?Water-lilies are cold, moist and soporific. They stop heat headaches and help with all diseases caused by heat.

? ? ?The 'white violets' called in Arabic zambag-iasmin Uasminum Sambac] are hot. They stop pain in the head caused by coldness and invigorate the head. The oil made from them helps with cold and thick winds and is good for the kidneys.

? ? ?Narcissus is cold, but with the power of jasmine. Its root, as a decoction, is a safe and easy emetic.

? ? ?Calamint is hot and dry. It helps with pain in the kidneys and bowels. The scent of it stops cold headaches.

? ? ?White lilies are hot and relaxing. The medicine made from them dissolves cold winds.

? ? ?Wild chamomile is hot and relaxing. It dispels thick winds, just as white lily does.

? ? ?玫瑰花是寒冷干燥的。它們能延緩由濕熱引起的頭痛，并能振奮胃部，也有助于解決肝臟過(guò)熱的問(wèn)題。

? ? ?紫羅蘭是濕寒的。它能延緩由黃色膽汁引起的頭痛，并有鎮(zhèn)靜作用。

? ? ?桃金娘是寒冷干燥的。當(dāng)陽(yáng)痿時(shí)，它能使其恢復(fù)活力，并能延緩腸胃運(yùn)動(dòng)。

? ? ?各種羅勒都是熱的[475]和干燥的。它們能振奮心臟，治療因寒冷而引起的頭部疼痛。

? ? ?馬喬蘭是熱的。它有助于解決腎臟的疼痛問(wèn)題，促進(jìn)排尿，阻止腸道疼痛。煎煮馬郁蘭有助于治療眼睛昏花。

? ? ?睡蓮具有冷濕性和鎮(zhèn)靜功能。它能阻止熱性頭痛，有助于治療由熱引起的所有疾病。

? ? ?白紫羅蘭在阿拉伯語(yǔ)中稱為zambag-iasmin Uasminum Sambac，它是熱的，能阻止由寒冷引起的頭部疼痛，并使大腦恢復(fù)活力。用它們制成的油有助于應(yīng)對(duì)寒風(fēng)，對(duì)腎臟有好處。

? ? ?水仙是冷的，但具有茉莉花的功效。它的根，作為水煎劑，是一種安全而簡(jiǎn)單的催吐劑。

? ? ?菖蒲是熱和干燥的。它有助于治療腎臟和腸道的疼痛。它的香味能有效延緩感冒頭痛。

? ? ?白百合是熱的和清爽的。用它們制成的藥物可以化解寒風(fēng)。

? ? ?野生洋甘菊是熱的和清爽的。它和白百合一樣，能祛除寒風(fēng)。

未完待續(xù)！