多鄰國(guó)世界語(yǔ)新版tips and notes adjectives 形容詞篇(中英對(duì)照)

Adjectives
形容詞
An adjective takes the -a ending and has to agree in number with the noun it modifies:
形容詞以“-a”結(jié)尾,要和它所修飾的名詞的數(shù)保持一致:
bona homo?= a good person(一個(gè)好人)
bonaj homoj?= good people(一些好人)
Homoj estas bonaj. = People are good.(人們是好的)
An adjective that modifies an object also takes the?-n?(direct object) ending:
形容詞要是修飾賓語(yǔ),它也要在后面加上賓格詞尾“-n”:
Mi man?as belajn?kukojn.?= I eat beautiful cakes. (我吃一些漂亮的蛋糕)
In summary, an adjective's ending must match the ending of the noun it modifies.?
總的來(lái)說(shuō),形容詞的詞尾必須和它所修飾的名詞相搭配

Word Order
詞序
Word order in Esperanto can be flexible. Adjectives usually go before the noun, but they may sometimes be placed after the noun for special emphasis. Both of the following sentences are correct:?
世界語(yǔ)的詞序很靈活,形容詞通常跟在名詞的前面,但是有時(shí)為了特別強(qiáng)調(diào),形容詞有時(shí)候也會(huì)放在名詞的后面。所以,下面的句子都是正確的:
?i estas bona instruisto.?
?i estas instruisto bona.
She is a good teacher.
她是個(gè)好老師

Adjectives into verbs
形容詞化為動(dòng)詞
In Esperanto, many (but not all) adjectives can be transformed into verbs, and are often used that way in conversations and in written texts. Here are a few of the adjectives that are frequently used in their verb forms:
在世界語(yǔ)里有很多形容詞(并非全部)可以轉(zhuǎn)化為動(dòng)詞,這種用法通常是用在對(duì)話和書(shū)面文本中,下面是幾個(gè)通常以動(dòng)詞形式出現(xiàn)的形容詞:
Mi estas preta.?=?Mi pretas.?= I am ready. (我準(zhǔn)備好了)
Li estas malsana.?=?Li malsanas.?= He is sick. (他病了)
?i estas feli?a.?=??i feli?as.?= She is happy.(她高興)
Ni estas fieraj.?=?Ni fieras.?= We are proud.(我們很驕傲)
Ili estas lacaj.?=?Ili lacas.?= They are tired.(他們累了)

Mal-
The prefix?mal-?simply means “opposite”. It does not mean “bad” as in some romance languages.?
前綴mal-的大致意思是“相反”。不像一些羅曼語(yǔ)族的語(yǔ)言,mal-的意思并不是“壞”
granda?= big, large(大)
malgranda?= small, little(?。?/span>
fermi?= to close(關(guān)閉)
malfermi?= to open(開(kāi)啟)

Paired conjunctions:
成對(duì)的連詞:


Correlatives with -ia
以“-ia”結(jié)尾的表解詞
Correlatives ending in?-ia?refer to a kind, sort, or type of something. They are adjectives and take the?-j?and?-n?endings where needed:
以“-ia”結(jié)尾的表解詞指代某物的種類、品質(zhì)或者類型。它們也是形容詞,所以在有需要的時(shí)候,它們也要加上詞尾“-j”或者“-n”:
Kiajn librojn vi ?atas legi?
What kinds of books do you like to read?
你喜歡看什么類型的書(shū)本?

原文:www.duolingo.cn/skill/eo/Adjectives-1/tips-and-notes
翻譯:vanilo