Queen Elizabeth II (full name: Her Majesty Queen Elizabeth II, April 21, 1926 - September 8, 2022), the Queen of England, the head of the Commonwealth and the supreme head of the parliament. Queen Elizabeth II was born on April 21, 1926, the eldest daughter of the late King George VI. The full title is "By the grace of God, Queen Elizabeth II of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland and other territories and dependencies, Head of the Commonwealth, and Protector of Christianity". He ascended the throne on February 6, 1952, and was crowned on June 2, 1953, making him the longest-reigning British monarch.

After 5:30 p.m. local time on September 9, 2015, Queen Elizabeth II became the longest-reigning monarch in British history, breaking Queen Victoria's record of 63 years, 7 months and 2 days. In June 2016, "Forbes" announced that Queen Elizabeth II ranked 29th among the 100 most influential women in the world in 2016. At 10:00 on May 4, 2017 (17:00 Beijing time), the British royal family announced that Prince Philip, the husband of Queen Elizabeth II, will retire in the autumn of 2017 and will no longer participate in public affairs. On November 20, 2017, Queen Elizabeth II and her husband Prince Philip celebrated their 70th wedding anniversary. On September 9, 2019, Queen Elizabeth II approved a bill aimed at preventing Prime Minister Boris Johnson from taking Britain out of the European Union on October 31 without a Brexit deal. On October 14, 2019, the 93-year-old Queen Elizabeth II presided over the British Parliament and delivered a speech. On April 5, 2020, the Queen of England delivered a nationally televised address on the new crown epidemic.

On September 8, 2022, local time, Buckingham Palace confirmed that Queen Elizabeth II died on the same day at the age of 96.

Early experiences

young queen elizabeth ii

Elizabeth was born on April 21, 1926. Queen Elizabeth II was born to her maternal grandparents in London. Her great-grandmother was Queen Alexandra and her grandmother was Queen Mary. Her father, the Duke of York, was the second son of George V, the future King George VI. He was not heir to the throne at the time, the heir to the throne at the time was Edward VIII. Thus Elizabeth was born with the title Her Royal Highness Princess Elizabeth and was educated at home under the supervision of her mother, the Duchess of York. Her history teacher, C.H.K. Martin, was the headmaster of Eton College, and she also studied languages (she was fluent in French). Canterbury gave her theological guidance, and she has been an Anglican.

When Elizabeth's uncle Edward VIII abdicated in 1936, her father succeeded her as king, and she immediately became the heir to the throne. When Elizabeth was 13 when World War II broke out, she and her sister Princess Margaret took refuge in Balmoral, Scotland. It was suggested at the time that the pair should seek refuge in Canada, which was opposed by their mother: "The children cannot leave without me, I cannot leave without the king, and the king cannot leave under any circumstances." 1940 Elizabeth made her first broadcast in 2010, targeting all children in refuge.

In 1945 Elizabeth persuaded her father to allow her direct participation in helping to win the war. She was involved in a women's group supporting the war, where she was numbered 230873 Lieutenant Elizabeth Windsor II. This is her first time co-training with other children. It is said that she liked the experience very much, and it was because of this experience that she later sent her children to school instead of letting them study at home.

Elizabeth made her first foreign visit in 1947, when she and her parents went to South Africa. On her 21st birthday she broadcast to the Commonwealth and Empire, swearing a lifetime of service to the people of the Commonwealth and Empire.

Political career

Queen Elizabeth II officially ascends the throne

In 1951, George VI's health deteriorated, and Elizabeth began to appear in public in place of her father. That year she visited Greece, Italy and Malta (where Philip was stationed with the army at the time). In October she visited Canada and Washington, USA.

Queen Elizabeth II (1952)

In January 1952 Elizabeth and Philip visited Australia and New Zealand. When they visited Kenya on February 6, they learned that Elizabeth's father had died and that she was in a tree hotel at the moment of her succession. Her coronation took place at Westminster Abbey on June 2, 1953.

In addition to being the hereditary head of state of the United Kingdom, she is also the Queen of the United Kingdom, Queen of Canada, Queen of Australia, Queen of New Zealand, Queen of Barbados, Queen of Papua New Guinea, Queen of Bahamas, Queen of Belize, Queen of Antigua and Barbuda, Queen of Grenada, Queen of St. Kitts and Queen of Nevis, Queen of Saint Lucia, Queen of Saint Vincent, Queen of Grenadines, Solomon Islands monarch, Queen of Tuvalu, Queen of Jamaica and the Head of State of the Commonwealth of Nations (52 member countries).

Since 1997, Queen Elizabeth II has regained the image of the respected head of state she had before. In 2002, the whole country celebrated the 50th anniversary of her accession to the throne. In that year, she toured the UK, made state visits to many Commonwealth countries, and attended many parades and concerts. In June, thousands gathered outside Buckingham Palace for an event called the Palace Party, where musicians from across the UK gathered to perform. The Queen Mother unfortunately passed away during the celebration.

In 2007, the Queen's dedicated channel was launched on YouTube, a short-film sharing website. In addition to broadcasting a number of precious royal family clips, the Queen's Christmas message was broadcast online for the first time to commemorate the 50th anniversary of her first TV Christmas message. Buckingham Palace said that the Queen took the initiative to upload clips to the website, hoping to pass the message to more people and shorten the distance with the younger generation.

In 2008, senior royal sources said the 82-year-old Queen had changed her "never abdicate" promise, and she planned to formally abdicate in 2013 when she was 87, thereby passing the throne to Prince Charles. Royal sources say the Queen has told Prince Charles that she is ready to make him King of England ahead of schedule. But the Queen herself has yet to confirm this, and there are also doubts that the Queen will abdicate. A Buckingham Palace spokesman said that the Queen has always said in the past that she will not abdicate, and her view has not changed.

On June 2, 2012, Queen Elizabeth II celebrated the 60th anniversary of her accession to the throne, becoming the second monarch in history to reign for more than 60 years.

On December 18, 2012, Queen Elizabeth II, who usually does not publicly express her political views, participated in a cabinet meeting. She became the first British monarch to attend a government cabinet meeting in peacetime in a century. When Queen Elizabeth II attended the meeting at the Prime Minister's Office in Downing Street, sitting in the chair where the prime minister usually sits, the first topic discussed by the cabinet that day was the proposal to change the British royal succession law and allow girls to succeed the head of state.

By September 9, 2015, Queen Elizabeth II will surpass her great-grandmother Queen Victoria, setting a new reign record. Become Britain's longest-reigning monarch. On June 26, 2018 local time, British Prime Minister Theresa May's Brexit bill was approved, officially allowing the United Kingdom to leave the European Union. On March 29, 2019, the United Kingdom officially left the European Union. [2]

character dies

On September 8, 2022, Buckingham Palace said that the Queen's physical condition was worrying, and members of the royal family rushed to the Queen's residence; the BBC interrupted the original program and replaced the black logo, and the host wore an all-black suit and black tie for the live broadcast. [3] At 2 p.m. that day, Queen Elizabeth died at Balmoral Castle in Scotland at the age of 96. [4] Operation London Bridge will begin after the death of the Queen.

Politics

religion

Very conservative in religion, moral standards and family matters. She takes religious responsibilities seriously and takes her coronation oath very seriously. This is one of the reasons why she is unlikely to abdicate. Queen Elizabeth never forgave Edward VIII for choosing to abdicate because, in her opinion, he abandoned his duties and forced his own father to take on the responsibility, which in turn was seen as the culprit in shortening his father's life. She used her authority to prevent her sister Margaret from marrying a divorced man. She also refused to admit her son, Prince Charles, was in a relationship with lover Camilla Parker Bowles.

politics

Facing Britain is a disintegrating empire of the sun, a weakening military and economic power, and a disintegrating Commonwealth of Nations. She constantly worked hard to maintain the special relationship between the former colonies and Britain, and in some cases - South Africa, for example - she made an important contribution to maintaining this relationship.

Her stance is more nebulous, although it is not that she has never expressed her views on politics in public. She maintains friendly relations with many politicians in all political parties. Her favourite prime ministers are generally considered to be Winston Churchill, Harold MacMillan and Harold Wilson. Her least favorite prime minister was, of course, Margaret Thatcher. She has a pretty good relationship with former Prime Minister Tony Blair, the first Prime Minister born in her year of succession to the throne.

The Queen only speaks out on issues that could affect the unity of the United Kingdom. She has angered some Scottish nationalists by expressing her support for the continued unity of England and Scotland. Her praise for Northern Ireland's Belfast Accord also drew opposition from many federalists.

diplomatic

Coronation of Queen Elizabeth II

She and Philip spent half a year traveling the world in 1953-54, and she also became the first reigning monarch to visit Australia, New Zealand and Fiji.

In October 1957 she paid a state visit to the United States.

Visited Canada in 1959.

In 1961, he visited the Vatican for the first time in the name of the British monarch, and visited India and Pakistan for the first time. In 1961 she visited most European countries and many areas outside Europe, and often attended the Commonwealth Summit,

Between 1953 and 1992 alone, Queen Elizabeth II visited more than 40 countries.

He visited China for the first time in 1986 and was the first British monarch to visit China. A cryptic letter about Queen Victoria Building was left on a visit to Australia in 1986, telling the mayor of Sydney that the letter would not be made public until 2085.

Queen Elizabeth II meets and shakes hands with former IRA senior general and current second minister of Northern Ireland, Martin McGuinness, during her visit to Northern Ireland on June 27, 2012.

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Elizabeth II

On the evening of July 27, 2012 local time in the United Kingdom, the 2012 London Olympic Games opened, Queen Elizabeth II and Daniel Craig who played James Bond 007.

On the evening of October 24, 2014, Queen Elizabeth II posted her first tweet while visiting London's Science Museum.

In 2007, Queen Elizabeth II's dedicated channel was launched on YouTube, a short film sharing site. In addition to broadcasting a number of precious royal family clips, the Queen's Christmas message was broadcast online for the first time to commemorate the 50th anniversary of her first TV Christmas message.

Love life

Marriage

Queen Elizabeth II and Prince Philip

Elizabeth married Prince Philip of Greece on November 20, 1947. Philip is Queen Elizabeth's third cousin, and their great-grandmothers are Queen Victoria (Prince Philip swore an oath to renounce his right to the Greek throne before his marriage, and he had no title until he received the title of Duke of Edinburgh, and was called Lieutenant Philip Mountbatten ). The marriage was perfect for a woman who was about to take the throne because her husband had received royal training, but would not take the throne of another kingdom.

After the marriage, the couple lived in Clarence House in London. They have four children (see below). Although the British dynasty was known as the Windsor dynasty, the couple agreed that their children should use Mountbatten-Windsor as their surname.

On November 20, 2017, Queen Elizabeth II and her husband Prince Philip celebrated their 70th wedding anniversary.

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Queen family photo

Father: George VI (deceased)

The King of the Windsor Dynasty (Saxe-Coburg-Gotha Dynasty) of England, succeeded to the throne due to the abdication of his brother Edward VIII who "loved the country more than the beauty". During World War II, he overcame stuttering and gave a wonderful speech on TV to encourage the British people to declare war on Germany.

Mother: Elizabeth Bowes-Lyon (deceased)

She is the daughter of Lord Grams of England and the first non-German princess of England after 1714. The longevity reached 102 years old, and he passed away in 2002. Has been the spiritual pillar behind the Queen, giving advice to the Queen.

Husband: Prince Philip (retired fall 2017) (deceased)

Queen and husband Philip span 70 years

The Supreme Commander of the British Armed Forces, formerly known as Philip Mountbatten, a German/Danish Greek prince who was willing to give up the Greek throne for the Queen, changed his surname to Windsor. When he was young, his height was close to 190, he was fond of sports, and often had amazing quotes when he visited various countries. His uncle was General Louis Mountbatten of England.

Eldest son: Prince Charles

The Prince of Wales, the first in line to the British throne, is also the longest-waiting crown prince in British history.

Other children: Prince Andrew, Duke of York, Prince Edward, Earl of Wessex, Princess Anne

Prince Andrew participated in the Falklands War and won military service

Queen with eldest son Charles and daughter-in-law Diana

Daughter-in-law: Diana Spencer (deceased)

The youngest daughter of Earl Edward Spencer, Britain's first commoner princess, at 1.78 meters tall, led the trend with Prince Charles' wedding of the century and fashionable dress, while actively participating in public affairs. Died in a car accident after divorcing Prince Charles.

Camilla Rosemary Shand (Duchess of Cornwall)

Grandson: Prince William

The Duke of Cambridge is the second in line to the British throne and the eldest son of Charles and Diana. He is 192 tall and is very popular because he is tall and handsome, loves to laugh and is close to the people, and has no negative news. Favored by the Queen.

Granddaughter-in-law: Kate Middleton

The commoner queen, with a height of 1.76 meters, and Prince William copied the wedding of the in-laws of the century, and the public support rate is very high.

Great-grandson: George