背景、符號(hào)標(biāo)記等見序言

21.1 Postquam accepere ea homines, (quibus mala abunde omnia erant, sed neque res neque spes bona ulla), tametsi illis <quieta movere> (magna) merces videbatur, tamen postulavere plerique, [ut proponeret], {<quae> condicio (belli) foret}, {(quae) praemia [armis] peterent}, {quid [ubique] (opis aut spei) haberent}.

洛：When these words fell upon the ears of men who had misfortune of every kind in excess but neither means nor any honourable hope, although disorder alone seemed to them an ample reward, yet many of them called upon him to explain the conditions under which war would be waged, what the prizes of victory would be, and what resources or prospects they would have and in what quarter.

試：After those men heard, to whom there had been all bad things in abundance, but also neither possessions nor any god expectation, though to them it seemed of great reward to shake the peace, many men still demanded, as he claimed, what the condition of war would be, what reward would they seek with arms, what power or hope would they have and when.

思考：

1. 間接話語(yǔ)和多個(gè)從句的嵌套，分析如上。

2. quae condicio belli foret一句中quae是復(fù)數(shù)，它與foret不一致，故主語(yǔ)是單數(shù)的condicio，quae是表語(yǔ)。

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21.2 Tum Catilina polliceri tabulas novas, proscriptionem locupletium, magistratus, sacerdotia, rapinas, alia omnia, quae bellum atque lubido victorum fert.

洛：Thereupon Catiline promised abolition of debts, the proscription of the rich, offices, priesthoods, plunder, and all the other spoils that war and the license of victors can offer.

試：Then Catiline promised abolition of old accounts, proscription of the rich, magistracy, priesthood, plunders, all things else, that war and desire for victory brings.

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21.3 Praeterea esse in Hispania citeriore Pisonem, in Mauretania cum exercitu P. Sittium Nucerinum, consili sui participes; petere consulatum C. Antonium, quem sibi collegam fore speraret, hominem et familiarem et omnibus necessitudinibus circumventum;

洛：He added that Piso was in Hither Spain, Publius Sittius of Nuceria in Mauretania with an army, both of whom were partners in his plot; that Gaius Antonius was a candidate for the consulship, and, he hoped, would be his colleague,a man who was an intimate friend of his and was beset by every sort of necessity;

試：Besides he promised that Piso was in nearer Spain, Publius Sittius of Nuceria was in Mauretania with an army, as confidants of his plan; promised that Gaius Antonius sought consulship, whom to himself he hoped to be comrade, a man and his acquaintance, surrounded by all needs.

思考：

1. 整句話繼承了上一句的謂語(yǔ)polliceri（句中省略），故也包括在間接話語(yǔ)中。

2. hominem et familiarem...是C. Antonium的同位語(yǔ)。

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21.4 cum eo se consulem initium agundi facturum. Ad hoc maledictis increpabat omnis bonos, suorum unumquemque nominans laudare; admonebat alium egestatis, alium cupiditatis suae, compluris periculi aut ignominiae, multos victoriae Sullanae, quibus ea praedae fuerat.

洛：consul with him, he would launch his undertaking. Thereupon he heaped maledictions upon all good citizens, lauded each of his own followers by name; he reminded one of his poverty, another of his ambition, several of their danger or disgrace, many of the victory of Sulla, which they had found a source of booty.

試：and with that man he, as consul, would make the beginning of action. In addition, he rebuked all good men with abuses, praised each of his men individually, mentioning by name; he reminded one of indigence, another of desire, several of risk or dishonour, many of Sulla’s victory, to whom that was for plunder.

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21.5 Postquam omnium animos alacris videt, cohortatus, ut petitionem suam curae haberent, conventum dimisit.

洛：When he saw that their spirits were all aflame, he dismissed the meeting, urging them to have his candidacy at heart.

試：After he saw all people’s spirits, cheerful, encouraged, as they had his request of care, he sent the united men out.

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段落大意 (21)：

特別對(duì)于那些處境艱難，毫無(wú)希望的人，喀提林許諾了許多報(bào)酬。他同時(shí)說明了局勢(shì)將會(huì)對(duì)他們有利，他們有包括執(zhí)政官候選人安托尼烏斯在內(nèi)的許多盟友。他反復(fù)強(qiáng)調(diào)成功的誘惑，直到調(diào)動(dòng)起所有人的情緒。

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22.1 Fuere [ea tempestate], (qui dicerent {Catilinam oratione habita, [cum ad ius iurandum popularis sceleris sui adigeret], humani corporis sanguinem vino permixtum in pateris circumtulisse:

洛：It was said at the time that when Catiline, after finishing his address, compelled the participants in his crime to take an oath, he passed around bowls of human blood mixed with wine;

試：There were some at that time, who spoke that with the oration ended, Catiline, since he put am associate of his crime on oath, handed around human blood mixed with wine in bowls.

1. 定語(yǔ)從句嵌套間接話語(yǔ)，其中又嵌套狀語(yǔ)從句。

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22.2 inde cum post exsecrationem omnes degustavissent, sicuti in sollemnibus sacris fieri consuevit, aperuisse consilium suum}); atque eo +dictitare+ {fecisse, ([quo] [inter se] <fidi magis> forent alius alii (tanti facinoris conscii))}.

洛：that when after an imprecation upon traitors all had tasted it, as is usual in solemn rites, he disclosed his project and his end in so doing was, they say, that they might be more faithful to one another because they shared the guilty knowledge of so dreadful a deed.

試：from that time, since after the course all men tasted of it, just as it was accustomed to be made in sacred rites, he revealed his plan; and with that the people spoke he did this, by which they were more faithful between each other, one to another, sharing the knowledge of such deed.

思考：

1. 此句前段inde cum...consilium suum仍然包括在先前的間接話語(yǔ)內(nèi)，因此所有Catilina的謂語(yǔ)都是不定式。

2. 此句后段atque eo...中跳出了先前的間接話語(yǔ)，但又使用了新的間接話語(yǔ)。即dictitare是以之前提到的“那些人”（也還是22.1的主語(yǔ)）為主語(yǔ)，使用歷史不定式的謂語(yǔ)。將之理解為受fecisse支配的不定式（主語(yǔ)是Catilina）是錯(cuò)誤的，這一點(diǎn)可以聯(lián)系后文驗(yàn)證，也可以根據(jù)本句的結(jié)構(gòu)（分號(hào)分隔兩個(gè)關(guān)聯(lián)較低的句子）看出。

3. atque eo...這一句還有其他的一些版本，沒有使用歷史不定式，反而更易辨別。

4. 間接話語(yǔ)fecisse...省略了賓語(yǔ)。quo inter...是這個(gè)賓語(yǔ)的定語(yǔ)從句，在這個(gè)從句內(nèi)部應(yīng)用一致原則可以判定主語(yǔ)是復(fù)數(shù)的“喀提林的同伙”，tanti...conscii與其一致（tanti facinoris是受conscii支配的屬格），但在此基礎(chǔ)上，alius ali難以確定成分。洛譯的處理相當(dāng)模糊，筆者姑且將其當(dāng)作類似固定搭配的狀語(yǔ)來處理，希望有更好的解釋。

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22.3 Nonnulli (ficta) et haec et multa praeterea existumabant [ab iis], (qui {(Ciceronis) invidiam, quae postea orta est, leniri} credebant [atrocitate sceleris eorum], (qui poenas dederant)).

洛：Others thought that these and many other details were invented by men who believed that the hostility which afterwards arose against Cicero would be moderated by exaggerating the guilt of the conspirators whom he had put to death.

試：Some people estimated this thing an many things besides were forged by those, who believed to soften the odium of Cicero by the heinousness of their evil, which rose up, who gave penalties.

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22.4 Nobis ea res pro magnitudine parum comperta est.

洛：For my own part I have too little evidence for pronouncing upon a matter of such weight.

試：To me that thing was little discovered in proportion to its greatness.

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段落大意 (22)：

據(jù)說喀提林還用活人獻(xiàn)祭來舉行結(jié)成同盟的儀式。但也有人說關(guān)于喀提林密謀的種種細(xì)節(jié)都是西塞羅的支持者編造的。作者缺少用于辨別的證據(jù)。

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23.1 Sed in ea coniuratione fuit Q. Curius, natus haud obscuro loco, flagitiis atque facinoribus coopertus, quem censores senatu probri gratia moverant.

洛：Now one of the members of the conspiracy was Quintus Curius, a man of no mean birth but guilty of many shameful crimes, whom the censors had expelled from the senate because of his immorality.

試：But Quintus Curius was in that conspiracy, born in a place by no means obscure, overwhelmed with scandals and civil deeds, whom censors dislodged from the senate for the sake of his reproach.

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23.2 Huic homini non minor vanitas inerat quam audacia: neque reticere, quae audierat, neque suamet ipse scelera occultare, prorsus neque dicere neque facere quicquam pensi habebat.

洛：This man was as untrustworthy as he was reckless; he could neither keep secret what he had heard nor conceal even his own misdeeds he was utterly regardless of what he did or said.

試：To this man, vanity was no less than audacity: he neither kept silent to the thing which he heard, nor concealed his own crimes, in short he neither had regard for speaking anything nor for making anything.

思考：

1. reticere省略了賓語(yǔ)。

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23.3 Erat ei cum Fulvia, muliere nobili, stupri vetus consuetudo. Cui cum minus gratus esset, quia inopia minus largiri poterat, repente glorians maria montisque polliceri coepit et minari interdum ferro, ni sibi obnoxia foret, postremo ferocius agitare quam solitus erat.

洛：He had an intrigue of long standing with Fulvia, a woman of quality, and when he began to lose her favour be-cause poverty compelled him to be. less lavish, he suddenly fell to boasting, began to promise her seas and mountains, and sometimes to threaten his mistress with the steel if she did not bow to his will in brief, to show much greater assurance than before.

試：A long intercourse of disgrace was to him with Fulvia, a noble woman. To her since he was less pleasing, because he was not able to lavish for indigence, he boasting suddenly, began to promise seas and mountains and to threaten with sword occasionally, if she was not liable to himself, at last he was more haughty to move than accustomed.

思考：

1. 注意省略的主語(yǔ)以及主語(yǔ)的突變：cui指代Fulvia，而esset，poterat，coepit的主語(yǔ)都是Curius，但ni...foret的主語(yǔ)又換成了Fulvia。從上下文來看不難辨別，但仍需當(dāng)心。

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23.4 At Fulvia insolentiae Curi causa cognita tale periculum rei publicae haud occultum habuit, sed sublato auctore de Catilinae coniuratione, (quae quoque modo audierat), compluribus narravit.

洛：But Fulvia, when she learned the cause of her lover's overbearing conduct, had no thought of concealing such a peril to her country, but without mentioning the name of her informant she told a number of people what she had heard of Catiline's conspiracy from various sources.

試：But Fulvia, with the cause of Curius’?insolence known, made such danger of the state not concealed at all, but with the producer removed, she told it to many people, which she heard in each way about Catiline’s conspiracy.

思考：

1. conpluribus(.p.d)是narravit的間接賓語(yǔ)，直接賓語(yǔ)省略。quae...audierat是直接賓語(yǔ)的定語(yǔ)從句。它不是一個(gè)間接疑問的賓語(yǔ)從句（實(shí)名質(zhì)疑perseus的翻譯），因?yàn)閯?dòng)詞audierat沒有使用虛擬式。如果說洛譯將其當(dāng)作賓語(yǔ)從句處理的理由是為了通順，那么perseus上譯為what...and under what circumstances就是明顯的不當(dāng)。有關(guān)這個(gè)從句的處理希望得到更好的解釋。

2. 接上一條，quoque的理解也是一個(gè)難點(diǎn)?？梢岳斫鉃閚..b(quodque)，也可理解為副詞。但不應(yīng)理解為quo+que(et que)，理由見上條。洛譯使用的是不定代詞，但或許副詞的理解似乎也能成立，判定的進(jìn)一步依據(jù)為何？

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23.5 Ea res in primis studia hominum accendit ad consulatum mandandum M. Tullio Ciceroni.

洛：It was this discovery in particular which aroused a general desire to confer the consulate upon Marcus Tullius Cicero;

試：That thing especially inflamed people’s eagerness to entrust consulship to Marcus Tullius Cicero.

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23.6 Namque antea pleraque nobilitas invidia aestuabat et quasi pollui consulatum credebant, si eum quamvis egregius homo novus adeptus foret. Sed ubi periculum advenit, invidia atque superbia post fuere.

洛：for before that most of the nobles were consumed with jealousy and thought the office in a way prostituted if a “new man,”?however excellent, should obtain it. But when danger came, jealousy and pride fell into the background.

試：And for previously the most noble class burned with envy and they believed the consulship as if polluted, if he, the new man, however much surpassed, obtained it. But when danger came, envy and haughtiness went behind.

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段落大意 (23)：

在同謀者中，克溫圖斯·庫(kù)里烏斯肆意妄為而口無(wú)遮攔。他覺得計(jì)劃已然勝券在握，因此在情人富爾維婭面前表現(xiàn)得越發(fā)狂妄。而后者也無(wú)意隱瞞，陰謀的內(nèi)容便傳播開來。于是，貴族們情愿讓才能出眾的新人西塞羅成為執(zhí)政官來應(yīng)對(duì)危機(jī)。

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24.1 Igitur comitiis habitis consules declarantur M. Tullius et C. Antonius. Quod factum primo popularis coniurationis concusserat.

洛：Accordingly, when the elections had been held Marcus Tullius and Gaius Antonius were proclaimed consuls, and this at first filled the conspirators with consternation.

試：Therefore, with elections held, Marcus Tullius and Gaius Antonius were declared. That at first shook the associate of conspiracy.

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24.2 Neque tamen Catilinae furor minuebatur, sed in dies plura agitare: arma per Italiam locis opportunis parare, pecuniam sua aut amicorum fide sumptam mutuam Faesulas ad Manlium quendam portare, qui postea princeps fuit belli faciundi.

洛：And yet Catiline's frenzy did not abate. On the contrary, he increased his activity every day, made collections of arms at strategic points in Italy, and borrowed money on his own credit or that of his friends, sending it to Faesulae to a certain Manlius, who afterwards was the first to take the field.

試：However nor Catiline’s frenzy was lessened, but he set more energy to violent motion everyday: he prepared weapons throughout Italy in suitable places, brought the taken money, which borrowed by his or his friends’?credit to Faesulae to somebody named Manlius, who afterwards was the the first making war.

思考：

1. 從sed in...起改用歷史不定式。

2. pecuniam...potare有雙賓語(yǔ)，F(xiàn)aesulas是地名，Manlium是人名。

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24.3 Ea tempestate plurumos cuiusque generis homines adscivisse sibi dicitur, mulieres etiam aliquot, quae primo ingentis sumptus stupro corporis toleraverant, post, ubi aetas tantummodo quaestui neque luxuriae modum fecerat, aes alienum grande conflaverant.

洛：At that time Catiline is said to have gained the support of many men of all conditions and even of some women; the latter at first had met their enormous expenses by prostitution, but later, when their time of life had set a limit to their traffic but not to their extravagance, had contracted a huge debt.

試：At that time, he is said to adopt great many men of each family to himself, also some women, who supported the huge expense by the disgrace of body, afterwards, when the age only just to profit didn’t make a manner of extravagance, they forged a large debt.

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24.4 Per eas se Catilina credebat posse servitia urbana sollicitare, urbem incendere, viros earum vel adiungere sibi vel interficere.

洛：Through their help Catiline believed that he could tempt the city slaves to his side and set fire to Rome; and then either attach the women's husbands to his cause or make away with them.

試：Through those women Catiline believed he was able to shook the city’s slavery, to burn the city, to attach their men to himself or to kill them.

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段落大意 (24)：
隨后西塞羅和蓋烏斯·安托尼烏斯被選為執(zhí)政官。這一度動(dòng)搖了陰謀集團(tuán)，但喀提林加緊了行動(dòng)。他在全意大利準(zhǔn)備武器，籌款送往費(fèi)租萊的曼利烏斯。據(jù)說喀提林糾集的各種人中還有一些以色相為生的女人。喀提林希望通過她們控制和她們有關(guān)的男人。