In each climate, then, there are natural causes making it

possible to determine which form of government is called for

by the influence of the climate, and even to say what kind of

people should live there.?

-

Barren and difficult land, where the produce is?

not worth the labour, should remain uncultivated

and uninhabited, or populated only by savages;野蠻人

-

places in which the surplus of produce?

over need is adequate are suitable to free peoples;

-

those in which the land is abundant and fertile ought?

to have a monarchical government, in order that the?

subjects' additional surplus should be spent on the?

luxuries of royalty;?

-

for it is better that the excess should be absorbed?

by the government than dissipated浪費(fèi)掉的 by private citizens.

Even if all the southern regions were to be covered by?

republics, and all the north by despotic states, it would?

nonetheless be true that, because of the effects of the?

climate, despotism suits hot countries, barbarism cold ones,?

and good political organization the regions in between.?

-★

questions of the work required, physical strength, the?

consumption of food, etc.,must also be considered.

Besides, you must take into account考慮 that the same number of

men consume much less in hot countries. The climate there

requires men to be frugal in order to stay healthy

---Chapter ix:The Signs of Good Government---

Everyone wants to answer in his own way. Subjects extol頌揚(yáng)?

public order,citizens the freedom of the individual; one?

prefers the security of property, and another security of?

the person; one asserts that the most rigorous★嚴(yán)密的 government?

is the best, another argues for the mildest; this one wants?

crimes punished, that one wants them prevented; one likes?

to be feared by neighbouring nations, another prefers to?

be ignored; one is happy about the circulation of money,?

another insists that the people should have bread.

★★★rigorous嚴(yán)密(格)的/縝密的 - vigorous精力充沛的

★★★

What is the purpose of political association? The

security and prosperity of the associates.?

-

And what is the most reliable sign that they are secure?

and prosperous繁榮的? The population and the birth rate.?

---Chapter x:The Abuse of Government and Its?

Tendency to Degenerate衰退---

A government contracts when it passes from the hands of a

larger number into those of a smaller: that is to say,?

from democracy to aristocracy, and from aristocracy to?

royalty. ★That is its natural tendency.

-

this reverse movement is impossible.

---Chapter 11:The Death of the Body Politic---

The political body, like the human, begins to die as soon as

it is born, and carries within it the causes of its own destruction.

攜帶自毀基因？？

Man's constitution is a product of nature; the state's is the

result of artifice妙法/詭計(jì).

The best constituted state will come to its end,

but later than others, provided that no unforeseen?

accident destroys it prematurely.(比其他zhengti更晚終結(jié))

The principle of political life lies in the sovereign authority.

The ★legislative power is the heart of the state(???),?

the executive power is the mind, which makes every part move.?

-

The mind may be unable to function yet the individual can?

still be alive.A man can be mindless and live, but as soon?

as the heart ceases to work the animal is dead.

-

It is not by its laws that the state subsists生存/維持,?

but by the legislative power.?

p152？ - 有關(guān)法律的疑問(wèn)