emerge?[i?m??rd?] v. 浮現(xiàn)；出現(xiàn)；（問題等）發(fā)生；顯露，（事實等）暴露；（從困難等中）擺脫；露頭；出頭

形近詞：emergence, emergency

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An merging body of research shows that positive health habits——as well as negative ones——spread through networks of friends via social communication.

解析：a body of 大量，一群；emerging這里是emerge的ing形式，除了浮現(xiàn)的，這里翻譯成新興比較合適。

翻譯：大量新興的研究表明，積極的健康習慣——和消極的健康習慣一樣——通過社會交往在朋友網(wǎng)絡(luò)中傳播。

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emergence [i?m?:rd??ns] n. 出現(xiàn)；浮現(xiàn)；露頭

The emergence of such problems seriously hamper the development of enterprise. 這些問題的出現(xiàn)嚴重地阻礙了企業(yè)的發(fā)展。

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Language emerges and develops with the emergence and development of society.

語言的出現(xiàn)和發(fā)展伴隨著社會的出現(xiàn)和發(fā)展。

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Artificial Emergence, All Set and Neural Network Expert System

人工涌現(xiàn)，統(tǒng)一集合和神經(jīng)網(wǎng)絡(luò)專家系統(tǒng)

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emergency [i?m??rd??nsi]

n. 緊急狀況；緊急需要；緊急事件

adj. 緊急情況下的，應(yīng)急的

The government has been granted emergency powers/ to deal with an emergency.

政府已經(jīng)被授權(quán)緊急的權(quán)利/在緊急需要下處理。

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emerge from: 從...出現(xiàn)；從（困境）中擺脫出來

Correct policies only emerge from a thorough understanding of the actual situation.

正確的政策，只會從對確切事實的徹底理解中涌現(xiàn)。

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surface [?s?:rf?s]

n. 表明 ?v. 顯露；浮出水面

The conflict has been surfacing since 2002, when the corporation bought Vermont’s only nuclear power plant, an aging reactor in Vernon.

解析：plant前面講別的例子時，已經(jīng)講過，除了植物，還有工廠的意思；reactor反應(yīng)堆。

翻譯：沖突自從2002年已經(jīng)顯露，當公司買了佛蒙特州唯一的核動力工廠，一個位于弗弄的老舊堆。

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originate [??r?d??ne?t] v. 法院；來自；產(chǎn)生；創(chuàng)始；開創(chuàng)

The group in question are a particular people originated from central Europe.

解析：question除了問題，還有討論的意思。

翻譯：討論的小組是一組特定的人，這些人來自中歐。

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appear [??p?r] v. 出現(xiàn)；顯現(xiàn)

Not surprisingly, newly published discovery claims and credible discoveries that appear be important and convincing will always be open to challenge and potential modification or refutation by future researchers.

解析：newly副詞修飾published，新出版的；discovery claims and credible discoveries是并列，都被newly published修飾；import and convincing并列都是appear be的主系表結(jié)構(gòu)的表語。that appear be important and convincing是起修飾作用的that從句。... will always be open to是一個主系表結(jié)構(gòu)。主語是newly published discovery claims and credible discoveries that appear be important and convincing。系動詞是will be always，嚴格來說系動詞只有be，will always修飾be。challenge and potential modification是并列；refute動詞駁斥，refutation是名詞駁斥；modification or refutation是or的并列都被potential修飾。

翻譯：不奇怪，新出版的發(fā)現(xiàn)主張和看上去重要又有可信度的可靠發(fā)現(xiàn)，總是會面對變化和未來研究者的潛在修正和駁斥。

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express [?k?spres]

v. 表達；表示

adj. 特快的；快速的；明確的；確切的；

n. 特快列車；快遞服務(wù)

形近詞：press, expression, impress, impressive, unimpressive, depress, depression, depressant, compress, pressing, oppress, suppress

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In recent weeks the No.2 executives at Avon and American Express quit with the explanation that they were looking for a CEO post.

解析：Avon美國雅芳集團，American Express美國運通集團；post除了郵政，還有職位的意思。

翻譯：最近幾周，美國雅芳和美國運通集團的2把手們以他們在尋找一個CEO職位為由而辭職。

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press [pres]

v. 壓，按；催促；敦促；進行；強調(diào)；榨?。粔赫?/p>

n. 報紙；報刊；印刷機；新聞記者

Unable to tell whether someone really objects to behavioral ads or whether they are sticking with Microsoft’s default, some may ignore a DNT signal and press on anyway.

解析：DNT——Do Not Track；default缺省，默認；anyway即使這樣，盡管。

翻譯：無法分辨一些人是真的反對行為廣告，或者他們是堅持微軟的默認設(shè)置，一些可能無視禁止追蹤信號，即使這樣也是繼續(xù)追蹤。

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expression [?k?spre?n] n. 表達；表述；表情；神情

In an experiment published in 1988, social psychologist Fritz Strack of the University of Wurzburg in Germany asked volunteers to hold a pen either with their teeth——thereby creating an artificial smile——or with their lips, which would produce a disappointed expression.

解析：with表示之間，在...里。

翻譯：在一項1988年發(fā)表的實驗中，德國Wurzburg大學的社會心理學家Fritz Stack要求志愿者要么放一支鉛筆在牙齒間——這樣創(chuàng)造一個假笑——要么夾在嘴唇上，產(chǎn)生一個失望的標簽。

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Those forced to exercise their smiling muscles reacted more enthusiastically to funny cartoons than did those whose mouths were contracted in a frown, suggesting that expressions may influence emotions rather than just the other way around.

解析：force to do強制做...；suggest除了建議，還有表明的意思；enthusiastically是副詞，修飾react；the other way around反過來；正好相反；倒過來；反過來說。

翻譯：那些強制練習他們的微笑肌的人，面對有趣的卡通，比那些皺著眉的人表現(xiàn)的更加熱情，表明表情影響著情緒，而不是僅僅情緒影響表情。

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impress [?m?pres] v. 蓋印；傳送；給人深刻印象

He was impressed by the high calibre of applications for the job.

求職者的高素質(zhì)給他留下了深刻印象。

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impressive [?m?pres?v] adj. 給人深刻印象的；不俗的；了不起的

The early settlers of Massachusetts Bay included men of impressive education and influence in England.

解析：settler定居者；

翻譯：馬薩諸塞灣的早期定居者包括在英格蘭接受過不俗教育有著不俗影響力的人。

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unimpressive [??n?m?pres?v] adj. 不惹人主義的；給人印象不深的；無印象的

Research output is unimpressive, teaching techniques are old-fashioned and students drop out in droves.

解析：drop out退出；drove做名詞是人群，畜群的意思。

翻譯：讓人無印象的調(diào)查結(jié)果，老式的教學手段和成群退學的學生。

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depress [d??pres] v. 降低；減少；使沮喪；使消沉

The recession has depressed the housing market.

經(jīng)濟衰退讓房地產(chǎn)市場消沉。

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depression [d??pre?n] n. 蕭條（期）；不景氣；沮喪；憂愁；憂郁癥

“Women are particularly susceptible to developing depression and anxiety disorders in response to stress compared to men”, according to Dr. Yehuda, chief psychiatrist at New York’s Veteran’s Administration Hospital.

解析：susceptible敏感的，易受影響的；develop除了發(fā)展，還有患病的意思；veteran退伍軍人；psychiatrist精神科醫(yī)生，精神病專家。

翻譯：“和男性相比，面對壓力，女性是特別敏感容易患上抑郁癥和焦慮障礙的”，根據(jù)紐約退伍軍人行政醫(yī)院的主任醫(yī)生Yehuda博士的說法。

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depressant [d??presnt] n. 鎮(zhèn)靜劑

And lastly, being a depressant, alcohol slows down your metabolism.

而最后，就像鎮(zhèn)靜劑一樣，酒精放慢你的新陳代謝的速度。

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compress [k?m?pres] v. （使）壓縮；縮短；使簡練

The main arguments were compressed into one chapter.

主要論點被壓縮到一個章節(jié)中。

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pressing [?pres??] adj. 緊迫的

I have more pressing things to attend to. 我有更緊急的事要做。

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oppress [??pres] v. 壓迫；壓抑；使...煩惱；使...感到沉重

The gloomy atmosphere in the office oppressed her.

解析：gloomy是形容詞，而不是副詞；gloom是名詞憂郁；《植物大戰(zhàn)僵尸》的憂郁菇就是gloom-shroom。

翻譯：辦公室的壓抑氣氛讓她很煩惱。

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suppress [s??pres] v. 抑制；鎮(zhèn)壓；廢止

The rebellion was brutally suppressed.

起義被殘酷地鎮(zhèn)壓了。

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press for: 迫切要求；敦促

Police might now press for changes in the law. 警方可能現(xiàn)在迫切要求法律的改變。

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state [ste?t] v. 陳述；聲明

He stated categorically that he knew nothing about the deal.

他確定地陳述——他對協(xié)議毫不知情。

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convey [k?n?ve?] v. 傳達；傳遞；輸送

He tried desperately to convey how urgent the situation was.

他絕望地試著傳達情況是多么的緊急。

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consequence [?kɑ?ns?kwens] n. 結(jié)果；后果；影響；重要性

The potential evolution of today’s technology, and its social consequences, is dazzlingly complicated, and it’s perhaps best left to science fiction writers and futurologists to explore the many possibilities we can envisage.

解析：dazzlingly燦爛地，耀眼地，令人目眩地；envisage設(shè)想，想想，展望；

翻譯：今天的技術(shù)的潛在進化，和它的社會影響，是讓人目眩地復雜的，并且它有可能最好留給科幻小說作者和未來主義者來探索很多我們能夠展望的多種可能性。

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in consequence: 因此；結(jié)果

The erratic fluctuation of market prices is in consequence of unstable economy.

經(jīng)濟波動使市場價格忽起忽落。

erratic不穩(wěn)定的，不確定的；fluctuation波動。

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outcome [?a?tk?m] n. 結(jié)果；成果?

We are waiting to hear the final outcome of the negotiations. 我們在等待談判的最終結(jié)果。

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contribute [k?n?tr?bju?t] v. 有助于；貢獻；捐助；捐獻；投稿

形近詞：contributing, contribution

But it’s interesting to wonder if the images we see every week of stress-free, happiness-enhancing parenthood aren’t in some small, subconscious way contributing to our own dissatisfactions with the actual experience, in the same way that a small part of us hoped getting “the Rachel”?might make us look just a little bit like Jennifer Aniston.

解析：wonder作動詞時，是想明白，琢磨的意思；stress-free無壓力的；happiness-enhancing增進幸福感的；parenthood為人父母的狀態(tài)；conscious有意識的；subconscious潛意識的；unconscious無意識的；satisfaction滿意，dissatisfactions不滿意；our own dissatisfactions with the actual experience 對現(xiàn)實經(jīng)歷的自身不滿；Rachel是《老友記》中詹妮弗·安妮斯頓扮演的角色。

if...not表示否定的質(zhì)疑；contribute to有助于，促成，是...的原因。

翻譯：但是思考一下是有趣的，我們每周見到的無壓力，增強幸福感的為人父母的狀態(tài)的形象，是否在一些小的，潛意識的方式中促使我們自身對現(xiàn)實經(jīng)歷的不滿，就像是我們當中的一小部分人希望變得“瑞秋化”，也許是讓我們看起來有一些像詹妮弗·安妮斯頓。

這段話的內(nèi)涵，幾千年前《鬼谷子》就有，沒有問題，制造問題，現(xiàn)有的問題，放大問題，將人們關(guān)心的問題轉(zhuǎn)換成焦慮驅(qū)使人們——但是《鬼谷子》不愚民，縱橫家面對的是統(tǒng)治者。

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contributing [k?n?tr?bju?t??] adj. 貢獻的；起作用的

Human error may have been a contributing factor.

人類錯誤可能是一個起作用的因素。

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contribution [?kɑ?ntr??bju??n] n. 捐獻；貢獻；捐助之物

Which of the following would be the best title for the text?

[A] Ways to Grasp “The Heart of the Matter”

[B] Illiberal Education and “The Heart of the Matter”

[C] The AAAS’s Contribution to Liberal Education

[D] Progressive Policy vs. Liberal Education

解析：grasp抓住，理解，領(lǐng)會；liberal education國內(nèi)翻譯成通識教育；AAAS美國人文與科學院；

翻譯：

下列哪一項是該文本最好的標題？

[A] 領(lǐng)悟《問題的核心》的方法

[B] 非通識教育和《問題的核心》

[C] 美國國家人文與科學院對通識教育的貢獻

[D] 激進的政策對比同時教育

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contribute to: 有助于；捐助；貢獻

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lead to: 導致；把...帶到

There were fears that privatization would lead to job losses.

有擔心，私有化會導致失業(yè)。

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give rise to... 引起；導致；造成

Such an approach may give rise to a research field of interest.

這樣的一種方法可能會導致一個有意義的探索領(lǐng)域。

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executive [?ɡ?zekj?t?v]

adj. 執(zhí)行的；實施的

n. 經(jīng)理；主管；管理者

Bob Liodice, the chief executive of the Association of National Advertisers, says consumers will be worse off if the industry cannot collect information about their preferences.