我們都需要記東西，但記憶力可以提高嗎？記憶專家提出了一些針對記憶特定事物和提高整體記憶表現(xiàn)的技巧和策略。本文就此展開討論。

詞匯：memory 記憶

We've all been there – staring at a pile of books, desperately hoping that what we study will?stick in our mind. Many of us have probably asked if there's any way that we can get better at remembering things. So, why don't we look at what memory experts say about this?

我們都有過這樣的經(jīng)歷——盯著一堆書，絕望地希望我們所學的東西能留在我們的腦海里。我們中的許多人可能都問過，有沒有什么方法可以讓我們在記憶方面做得更好。所以，為什么我們不看看記憶專家是怎么說的呢?

Every student who has made?flashcards?knows that it can be helpful to?go back over?what they've studied before. According to The Learning Scientists – a group of?cognitive?scientists – we can learn things better if we wait for some time before trying to study them again. They say that trying to?retrieve?something from your memory after you have had some time to forget it will make it easier to remember in future.

每個做過抽認卡的學生都知道，回顧他們之前學過的東西是有幫助的。根據(jù)學習科學家(一組認知科學家)的說法，如果我們等一段時間再嘗試再次研究，我們可以學得更好。他們說，當你有一段時間忘記某件事后，試著從你的記憶中找回它，會使它在未來更容易記住。

Similarly, David Robson, writing for BBC Future, highlights studies that show taking some time to just do nothing after studying might mean that you can remember things better afterwards. We don't know exactly why this happens, but it has been suggested that it's to do with the relationship between?long-term?and?short-term?memory.

同樣，為BBC Future撰稿的大衛(wèi)·羅布森強調，研究表明，學習后花點時間什么都不做可能意味著你在學習后能更好地記住事情。我們不知道這種情況發(fā)生的確切原因，但有人認為這與長期記憶和短期記憶之間的關系有關。

Another?study?tip?from The Learning Scientists is to change between different topics as you study. They say this can help you build links between different ideas. Now,?linking?ideas and?relating?them to each other or to images are often suggested as good ways to?memorise?something. Former world memory champion Jonathan Hancock highlights how?picturing?pieces of information in different physical locations or linking them to?memorable images?makes them easier to remember. Linking new information to things that are easier to remember is a technique that many people use – it could be making letter?patterns?into words called?mnemonics, or by sorting things into categories.

學習科學家的另一個學習技巧是在學習的過程中改變不同的主題。他們說這可以幫助你在不同的想法之間建立聯(lián)系?，F(xiàn)在，把想法聯(lián)系起來，把它們彼此聯(lián)系起來或與圖像聯(lián)系起來，經(jīng)常被認為是記憶東西的好方法。前世界記憶冠軍喬納森·漢考克強調，將不同物理位置的信息片段描繪出來，或將它們與令人難忘的圖像聯(lián)系起來，可以使它們更容易記住。把新信息和更容易記住的東西聯(lián)系起來是許多人使用的一種技術——它可以是把字母模式變成單詞，稱為助記法，或者把東西分類。

There are also more general things that we can do to improve our memory. Hancock says that being generally organised makes things easier for your brain, while many other experts also recommend avoiding stress, alcohol and smoking, and that we should get a lot of rest and exercise. So, the good news to take from this is that while it may be hard, improving our memory is something we can control.

我們還可以做一些更一般的事情來提高我們的記憶力。漢考克說，有條理的生活讓你的大腦更容易工作，而許多其他專家也建議避免壓力、酒精和吸煙，我們應該多休息和鍛煉。因此，從中得到的好消息是，雖然這可能很難，但改善我們的記憶力是我們可以控制的。

詞匯表

stick in someone's mind 刻在某人的腦海里
flashcard 抽認卡，（有文字或圖片的）教學卡片
go back over 復習
cognitive 認知的
retrieve 找回
long-term memory 長期記憶
short-term memory 短期記憶
study tip 學習技巧
link 使聯(lián)系
relate 找到聯(lián)系
memorise 記住
picture 想象
memorable image 難忘的圖片
pattern 模式
mnemonic 幫助記憶的符號，助記符號

測驗與練習

1.?閱讀課文并回答問題。

1. According to The Learning Scientists, should you try to remember something immediately after learning it?

2. What do the studies highlighted by David Robson suggest might help people's memory?

3. Why do The Learning Scientists suggest changing between different subjects when studying?

4. What technique did Jonathan Hancock suggest using to memorise information?

5. What lifestyle changes are suggested as ways to improve memory?

2.?選擇意思恰當?shù)膯卧~或詞組來完成下列句子。

1. When you remember something you _______ it from your memory.

memorise? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? retrieve? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ?link? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ?go back over

2. Things that you remember for a long time are stored in your _______ memory.

short-term? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ?cognitive? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ?long-term? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? mnemonic

3. A _______ is a word pattern that helps you remember something.

study tip? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? mnemonic? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ?picture?????????????????????? flashcard

4. _______ one idea to another means finding similarities and differences between them.

Linking? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? Relating? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ?Retrieving? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ?Memorising

5. Many students write key information on _______.

mnemonics? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? patterns? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? flashcards? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? study tips

答案

1.?閱讀課文并回答問題。?

1. According to The Learning Scientists, should you try to remember something immediately after learning it?
No, according to The Learning Scientists, you should try to remember something after you have had time to forget it.

2. What do the studies highlighted by David Robson suggest might help people's memory?
Studies highlighted by David Robson suggest that taking time to do nothing can improve people's memory.

3. Why do The Learning Scientists suggest changing between different subjects when studying?
Because changing between different subjects when studying can help students relate ideas to each other.

4. What technique did Jonathan Hancock suggest using to memorise information?
Hancock suggests linking pieces of information to physical locations or other memorable images.

5. What lifestyle changes are suggested as ways to improve memory?
The article mentions avoiding stress, alcohol and smoking, and getting good levels of rest and exercise.

2.?選擇意思恰當?shù)膯卧~或詞組來完成下列句子。

1. When you remember something you?retrieve?it from your memory.

2. Things you remember for a long time are stored in your?long-term?memory.

3. A?mnemonic?is a word pattern that helps you remember something.

4.?Relating?one idea to another means finding similarities and differences between them.

5. Many students write key information on?flashcards.

文章來源BBC，侵權刪。