部分的分離性身份識(shí)別障礙（Partial Dissociative Identity Disorder）是一種與分離性身份識(shí)別障礙相似的分離性障礙，但很少表現(xiàn)出通常意義上的的“切換”。它被定義為有一個(gè)支配性的主導(dǎo)和一個(gè)或多個(gè)非支配性意識(shí)體，這些非支配性意識(shí)體會(huì)影響主導(dǎo)或與他們共同思考。這被描述為對主導(dǎo)的入侵，這些入侵可能是無規(guī)律的發(fā)生在情緒激動(dòng)的時(shí)候，也可能是頻繁的，它可能會(huì)改變他們的行為、自我感知、認(rèn)知、運(yùn)動(dòng)功能等。[1] 該分類的原始描述 Partial dissociative identity disorder is characterized by disruption of identity in which there are two or more distinct personality states (dissociative identities) associated with marked discontinuities in the sense of self and agency. Each personality state includes its own pattern of experiencing, perceiving, conceiving, and relating to self, the body, and the environment. One personality state is dominant and normally functions in daily life, but is intruded upon by one or more non-dominant personality states (dissociative intrusions). These intrusions may be cognitive, affective, perceptual, motor, or behavioral. They are experienced as interfering with the functioning of the dominant personality state and are typically aversive. The non-dominant personality states do not recurrently take executive control of the individual’s consciousness and functioning, but there may be occasional, limited and transient episodes in which a distinct personality state assumes executive control to engage in circumscribed behaviors, such as in response to extreme emotional states or during episodes of self-harm or the re-enactment of traumatic memories.[2] 對原始描述的直接翻譯 部分性解離性身份障礙以身份的紊亂和自我感與控制力的顯著不連續(xù)性為特征，其中有兩個(gè)或更多明顯不同的人格狀態(tài)（解離身份）。每個(gè)人格狀態(tài)都包含其自身的體驗(yàn)、感知、構(gòu)想和與自我。其中一個(gè)人格是主導(dǎo)的，并在日常生活中正常運(yùn)作，但會(huì)受到一個(gè)或多個(gè)非主導(dǎo)人格的干擾（解離性侵入）。這些干擾可能是認(rèn)知、情感、知覺、運(yùn)動(dòng)或行為上的。它們被描述為為對主導(dǎo)人格狀態(tài)的功能造成干擾，并通常厭惡主導(dǎo)人格。非主導(dǎo)人格狀態(tài)并不會(huì)經(jīng)常性地控制個(gè)體的意識(shí)和功能，但偶爾會(huì)發(fā)生有限和短暫的情況，其中一個(gè)人格承擔(dān)起控制權(quán)，進(jìn)行極端行為，例如在極端情緒狀態(tài)下自傷或創(chuàng)傷記憶發(fā)作。 歷史 部分的分離性身份識(shí)別障礙出現(xiàn)在 ICD-11 中，但尚未進(jìn)入 DSM 。目前尚不清楚負(fù)責(zé)編制 DSM 的美國精神病學(xué)協(xié)會(huì)是否正在考慮將其添加到手冊中，但可能性不大，因?yàn)樵摱x已經(jīng)屬于其他特定分離性障礙和未指定分離性障礙。 相關(guān)術(shù)語 部分DID系統(tǒng)可能會(huì)將自己描述為 “moneotien"、或 “frontstuck”。 在這些系統(tǒng)中，很少發(fā)生完全喪失意識(shí)的情況，情緒性健忘和部分失憶更為常見。